Edward Ayres

National Ecological Observatory Network

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Diana H. Wall

Colorado State University

Richard D. Bardgett

University of Manchester

Michael Sanclements

National Ecological Observatory Network

David Durden

National Ecological Observatory Network

Joshua A. Roberti

National Ecological Observatory Network

Henry W. Loescher

Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research

Christopher Florian

National Ecological Observatory Network

Breana L. Simmons

East Georgia State College

Heidi Steltzer

Fort Lewis College

Stefan Metzger

University of Wisconsin–Madison

Cooperative Institutions

University of Nebraska–Lincoln

Mediterranean Center for Environmental Studies

Joint Research Centre

National Ecological Observatory Network

Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier

Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences

Colorado State University

University of Helsinki

University of Colorado Boulder

Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement

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Alignment of Surface-Atmosphere Exchange Sensors at Sloped Sites: An Integrated Strategy

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2015)

Stefan Metzger Edward Ayres Roland C. Clement David Durden Thomas Foken

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Numerical Synoptic Analyses of Heat Exchange and Their Use in Ocean Thermal Structure Prediction.

Taivo Laevastu Edward Ayres

Abstract : Flow diagrams and formulas for synoptic heat exchange computations are given, and examples of such computations are presented. Average values and typical ranges of different heat exchange components are given and their pattern size in relation to the size of surface weather pattern is indicated. The use of heat exchange computations in oceanographic analyses and forecasts is described, and the magnitudes of thermal structure changes in surface layers due to heat exchange considerations are given.

Heat flow

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Overcoming barriers to enable convergence research by integrating ecological and climate sciences: The NCAR-NEON system Version 1

Danica Lombardozzi William R. Wieder Negin Sobhani Gordon B. Bonan David Durden

Abstract. Global change research demands a convergence among academic disciplines to understand complex changes in Earth system function. Limitations related to data usability and computing infrastructure, however, present barriers to effective use of the research tools needed for this cross-disciplinary collaboration. To address these barriers, we created a computational platform that pairs meteorological data and site-level ecosystem characterizations from the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) with the Community Terrestrial System Model (CTSM) that is developed with university partners at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). This NCAR-NEON system features a simplified user interface that facilitates access to and use of NEON observations and NCAR models. We present preliminary results that compare observed NEON fluxes with CTSM simulations and describe how the collaboration between NCAR and NEON that can be used by the global change research community improves both the data and model. Beyond datasets and computing, the NCAR-NEON system includes tutorials and visualization tools that facilitate interaction with observational and model datasets and further enable opportunities for teaching and research. By expanding access to data, models, and computing, cyberinfrastructure tools like the NCAR-NEON system will accelerate integration across ecology and climate science disciplines to advance understanding in Earth system science and global change.

Cyberinfrastructure

Earth system science

Atmospheric research

Interface (matter)

10.5194/egusphere-2023-271

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Measuring the Climate of Soils for the Next 30 Years

21st Conference on Applied Climatology/17th Symposium on Meteorological Observation and Instrumentation (2014)

Edward Ayres

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Towards long-term standardised carbon and greenhouse gas observations for monitoring Europe’s terrestrial ecosystems: a review

International Agrophysics (2018)

Daniela Franz Manuel Acosta Núria Altimir Nicola Arriga Dominique Arrouays

Abstract Research infrastructures play a key role in launching a new generation of integrated long-term, geographically distributed observation programmes designed to monitor climate change, better understand its impacts on global ecosystems, and evaluate possible mitigation and adaptation strategies. The pan-European Integrated Carbon Observation System combines carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG; CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, H 2 O) observations within the atmosphere, terrestrial ecosystems and oceans. High-precision measurements are obtained using standardised methodologies, are centrally processed and openly available in a traceable and verifiable fashion in combination with detailed metadata. The Integrated Carbon Observation System ecosystem station network aims to sample climate and land-cover variability across Europe. In addition to GHG flux measurements, a large set of complementary data (including management practices, vegetation and soil characteristics) is collected to support the interpretation, spatial upscaling and modelling of observed ecosystem carbon and GHG dynamics. The applied sampling design was developed and formulated in protocols by the scientific community, representing a trade-off between an ideal dataset and practical feasibility. The use of open-access, high-quality and multi-level data products by different user communities is crucial for the Integrated Carbon Observation System in order to achieve its scientific potential and societal value.

Terrestrial ecosystem

10.1515/intag-2017-0039

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Citations (86)

Validation of SMAP Soil Moisture at Terrestrial National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) Sites Show Potential for Soil Moisture Retrieval in Forested Areas

Edward Ayres Andreas Colliander Michael H. Cosh Joshua A. Roberti Samuel M. Simkin

Soil moisture influences forest health, fire occurrence and extent, and insect and pathogen impacts, creating a need for regular, globally extensive soil moisture measurements that can only be achieved by satellite-based sensors, such as NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP). However, SMAP data for forested regions, which account for ~20% of land cover globally, are flagged as unreliable due to interference from vegetation water content, and forests were underrepresented in previous validation efforts, preventing an assessment of measurement accuracy in these biomes. Here we compare over twelve thousand SMAP soil moisture measurements, representing 88 site-years, to in-situ soil moisture measurements from forty National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) sites throughout the US, half of which are forested. At unforested NEON sites, agreement with SMAP soil moisture (unbiased RMSD: 0.046 m3 m-3) was similar to previous sparse network validations (which include inflation of the metric due to spatial representativeness errors). For the forested sites, SMAP achieved a reasonable level of accuracy (unbiased RMSD: 0.06 m3 m-3 or 0.053 m3 m-3 after accounting for random representativeness errors) indicating SMAP is sensitive to changes in soil moisture in forest ecosystems. Moreover, we identified that both an index of vegetation water content and canopy height were related to mean difference, which incorporates measurement bias and representativeness bias, and suggests a potential approach to improve SMAP algorithm parameterization for forested regions. In addition, expanding the number and extent of soil moisture measurements at forested validation sites would likely further reduce mean difference by minimizing representativeness errors.

10.36227/techrxiv.14681298.v1

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Citations (4)

The four spikes

Futures (2000)

Edward Ayres

Unintended consequences

Appropriation

Mainstream

Anthropocene

Consumption

10.1016/s0016-3287(00)00006-9

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Citations (10)

The World watch reader on global environmental issues

Norton eBooks (1998)

Edward Ayres

A new collection of articles drawn from World Watch magazine, winner of an Utne Reader Alternative Press Award for investigative reporting. A collection of the best and most-requested articles from the Worldwatch Institute's award-winning magazine, World Watch. What ails the earth and how can we fix it? People all over the world are wrestling with this question, and requesting reliable information on the nature of the environmental threats and how to deal with them. The World Watch Reader responds to this need for timely, authoritative information. Written by the world's preeminent environmental research team, this new edition of the popular anthology offers an in-depth diagnosis of the earth's ills as well as a practical vision of how to create an environmentally responsible future. In a highly readable style, the authors focus on such topics as energy and climate, the effects of water scarcity, the food prospect, oceans in distress, and consumerism and the future of the earth. Here the global, interdisciplinary perspective that makes Worldwatch research unique is available in an accessible, compelling form. All who care about the future of the planet will want to read this volume.

Scarcity

Consumerism

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Soil biota accelerate decomposition in high‐elevation forests by specializing in the breakdown of litter produced by the plant species above them

Journal of Ecology (2009)

Edward Ayres Heidi Steltzer Sarah Berg Diana H. Wall

1 There is mounting evidence that leaf litter typically decomposes more rapidly beneath the plant species it derived from than beneath the different plant species, which has been called home-field advantage (HFA). It has been suggested that this HFA results from the local adaptation of soil communities to decompose the litter that they encounter most often, which probably comes from the plant species above them. 2. To test this hypothesis and to investigate how HFA varies over time and in relation to litter quality, we performed the first detailed assessment of HFA in relation to litter decomposition. We monitored decomposition over time in two reciprocal litter transplant experiments involving three high-elevation tree species that differ in litter quality. The three tree species used were trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides), lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii). 3. First, we incubated litter from each of these species with soil biota extracted from stands of each tree species in a laboratory experiment and observed greater cumulative respiration, a measure of decomposition, when litter was incubated with its home soil biota. Second, we performed a field experiment, which demonstrated that the decomposition HFA also occurred under field conditions. In addition, this experiment demonstrated that despite increased mass loss at home, litter also immobilized more nitrogen when in its home environment. In both experiments, the HFA was most pronounced for pine litter, which is consistent with the hypothesis that HFA increases with decreasing litter quality. 4. Synthesis. As well as demonstrating conclusively that soil communities specialize in decomposing the litter produced by the plant species above them, our data challenge the widely held view that soil organisms are largely functionally redundant.

Litter

Plant litter

Biota

10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01539.x

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Citations (207)

A Robust Method to Derive and Predict Soil-Specific Calibration Coefficients for Soil Water Content Sensors

98th American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting (2018)

Edward Ayres

Pedotransfer function

Content (measure theory)

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