Objective To investigate the radiation dose differences of DTS,DR and CT in diagnostic imaging of the skeletal system and analyze the sensitivity and specificity of each modality in skeletal disease diagnosis.Methods 100 relevant patients with skeletal diseases were randomly selected,who were performed with DR,DTS and CT from Feb 2010 to Mar 2012.They were divided into three groups,respectively as the DR group,the DTS group and the CT group.The complete information including DR,DTS,CT data and the final clinical diagnosis were collected and the statistical analysis after comparing radiation dose of DR,DTS and CT examination.Two experienced experts evaluated the image of three examinations and made judgments.ROC curves of reader A and B were made by using the final clinical diagnosis as gold standard.Results The average absorbed dose and effective dose of DR,DTS,CT group were [(1.9±1.8)mGy,(0.03±0.03) mSv)],[(3.5±1.5)mGy,(0.05±0.02) mSv)],[(397.7 ± 106.0) mGy· cm、(5.60 ± 1.50) mSy] respectively.The difference among the three groups was analyzed by one-way ANOVA test(F =1377,P ＜ 0.05) and had statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).ROC curve was drawn through analyzing lesion detection credibility of three groups.The Az values of reader A and B was (0.870 ± 0.035,0.966 ± 0.018,0.974 ± 0.015) and (0.852 ± 0.038,0.951 ± 0.021,0.959 ±0.019)respectively.Do the Z-test to these examinations' area under ROC curve of lesion detection credibility.Between DR and DTS or DR and CT,there was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).While for CT and DTS,there was not statistically significant.The two readers' sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing skeletal lesion with DR,DTS and CT were investigated using the x2 test:CT and DTS were no statistical significance,CT and DR were statistically significant (x2 =4.833,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Radiation dose of DTS only accounts for about 1％ of CT examination.While its sensitivity and specificity can meet the requirements for clinical diagnosis as CT.If the DR diagnosis is unclear or suspected,DTS should be the first recommended modality used for skeletal diagnosis with lower radiation dose.
Key words:
Radiation dose; DTS; DR; CT; Skeletal system
The suitable concentration of four factors,Mg2+,dNTP,Taq polymerase,and primer were identified by single factor tests in the SRAP amplification system on non-heading cabbage(Brassica campestris L.ssp.Chinensis),and orthogonal scheme in four factors at three levels was designed based on the result of above single factor test to optimize SRAP amplification system.An ideally SRAP reaction system was established which included 25 μl reaction volume containing Mg2+ 2 mmol/L,dNTP 0.2 mmol/L,Taq polymerase 1.5 U,primer 0.36 μmol/L,1×PCR buffer,and template DNA 30 ng.The molecular identification of 17 non-heading Chinese cabbage cultivars was conducted with the optimized SRAP marker system.20 out of 30 primer combinations used could detect 90 polymorphic loci.Cluster analysis(UPGMA) showed the cultivars that share similar horticultural trait was clustered at a lower genetic distance,which indicated that SRAP would play an important role in non-heading cabbage identification and cluster analysis.
The nucleotide sequence of coding region of the lysozyme gene on six populations in Bovinae was analyzed using the methods of PCR amplification and sequencing,and the nucleotide sequence of coding region was compared with the homologous lysozyme gene on Hereford retrieved from the GenBank.Phylogenetic tree was constructed by Neighbour-Joining method.The results showed that 5 nucleotide polymorphic sites were observed with 9 haplotypes in the 5 Bovinae populations(except Bubalis).The nucleotide diversities ranged from 0.00000 to 0.00196,indicating a low intrapopulation genetic diversity.Constructing molecular phylogenetic tree showed that Bos indicus,Menggu cattle and Luxi cattle were more closed,the relationships of Bos indicus,B.taurus and B.grunniens were comparatively closer than that of B.frontalis.
Objective:To study the value of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT) in diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma.Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed in clinical data and CT images of 10 cases of parathyroid adenoma proved surgically and pathologically.Results:All of the parathyroid adenomas were originated from the inferior pole of parathyroid gland with 4 cases at the right side and 6 cases at the left side.All located at the recess between trachea and esophagus.The sizes of adenomas ranged from 0.9 cm×1.0 cm~3.0 cm×8.0 cm.The tumors were round or oval,well-demarcated,iso-attenuated yet higher than that of thyroid gland on plain CT scan.After contrast medium administration,the adenomas revealed enhancement with various degrees but lower than that of thyroid and adjacent blood vessels.8 cases of adenomas were enhanced homogeneously,2 cases showed no enhancement in necrosis.Conclusion:The location,shape,size,and the relationship with surrounding structures of parathyroid adenoma could be precisely displayed on enhanced MSCT and 3D reconstruction,which is valuable for surgery.
Cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS) is one of the most important materials to produce hybrid seeds of many crops.Advances of breeding and studies in onion(Allium cepa L.) cytoplasmic male sterility are described in this paper,and the mechanisms and molecular markers of cytoplasmic male sterility in onion are summarized.A few proposals on breeding and studies in onion cytoplasmic male sterility are put forward on the bases of reviews mentioned above.
Embryogenesis of microspores through three different isolation methods,including direct mechanical isolating,shed-culture nature isolating,and mechanical isolating after anther pre-culture,were studied by using 10 Capsicum varieties belonging to 5 different fruit types of pepper as the materials.The results showed that embryogenesis of microspores through mechanical isolating after anther pre-culture was the best,then shed-culture nature isolating,and direct mechanical isolating was the worst,which got only some global embryoids;anther wall was necessary to microspores at the beginning of culture,and must be ruptured in time after high temperature pre-treatment.
Objective To compare the enhancement degree of pulmonary artery of multi-slice spiral CT pulmonary angiography(MSCTPA) with different scanning parameters and breathing patterns,in order to obtain the best image quality.Methods Ninety patients of PE who underwent MSCTPA were prospectively selected and randomly divided into group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,in which 50,80 and 120 HU were taken as the monitoring threshold tracking triggers,respectively.Patients in each group were divided in to two subgroups and receiving calm breathing scanning(subgroup A) or air suction after breath-hold scanning(subgroup B).Enhancement of pulmonary artery,pulmonary vein and aorta,as well as reconstructed image quality of MSCTPA were compared.Results CT value of the pulmonary artery in group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ was(488.12±17.21)HU,(344.53±10.43)HU and(181.95±24.13)HU,respectively(P0.05),of the pulmonary vein was(92.26±16.76)HU,(210.57±18.28)HU and(320.82±26.25)HU,respectively(P0.05),while of aorta was(128.48±20.36)HU,(280.35±25.56)HU and(402.75±32.64)HU,respectively(P0.05).CT value was(502.28±9.34)HU and(474.94±11.78)HU in ⅠA and ⅠB subgroup(P=0.446),(352.47±8.16)HU and(336.38±6.46)HU in ⅡA and ⅡB subgroup(P=0.034),(197.32±7.34)HU and(165.78±24.67)HU in ⅢA and ⅢB subgroup(P=0.005).The average score of image quality was 3.97,3.43 and 2.60 in groupⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,respectively.Conclusion Taking 50 HU as the monitor threshold,quiet breathing and down-track triggering scanning enables the best MSCTPA image quality.
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