Ben Kempke

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

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David Blaauw

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

Pat Pannuto

University of California, San Diego

Yoonmyung Lee

Sungkyunkwan University

Prabal Dutta

University of California, Berkeley

Zhiyoong Foo

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

Inhee Lee

University of Pittsburgh

Dennis Sylvester

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

Gyouho Kim

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

Ye-Sheng Kuo

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

Yejoong Kim

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

Cooperative Institutions

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

Ann Arbor Center for Independent Living

IEEE Computer Society

Intel (United States)

Michigan United

University of California, Santa Barbara

University of California System

University of California, Berkeley

Pusan National University

Korea University

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A millimeter-scale wireless imaging system with continuous motion detection and energy harvesting

Gyouho Kim Yoonmyung Lee Zhiyoong Foo Pat Pannuto Ye-Sheng Kuo

We present a 2×4×4mm ³ imaging system complete with optics, wireless communication, battery, power management, solar harvesting, processor and memory. The system features a 160×160 resolution CMOS image sensor with 304nW continuous in-pixel motion detection mode. System components are fabricated in five different IC layers and die-stacked for minimal form factor. Photovoltaic (PV) cells face the opposite direction of the imager for optimal illumination and generate 456nW at 10klux to enable energy autonomous system operation.

Motion Detection

10.1109/vlsic.2014.6858425

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Citations (62)

MBus: A Fully Synthesizable Low-power Portable Interconnect Bus for Millimeter-scale Sensor Systems

JSTS Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science (2016)

Inhee Lee Ye-Sheng Kuo Pat Pannuto Gyouho Kim Zhiyoong Foo

This paper presents a fully synthesizable low power interconnect bus for millimeter-scale wireless sensor nodes. A segmented ring bus topology minimizes the required chip real estate with low input/output pad count for ultra-small form factors. By avoiding the conventional open drain-based solution, the bus can be fully synthesizable. Low power is achieved by obviating a need for local oscillators in member nodes. Also, aggressive power gating allows low-power standby mode with only 53 gates powered on. An integrated wakeup scheme is compatible with a power management unit that has nW standby mode. A 3-module system including the bus is fabricated in a 180 nm process. The entire system consumes 8 nW in standby mode, and the bus achieves 17.5 pJ/bit/chip.

Standby power

10.5573/jsts.2016.16.6.745

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Demo: Ultra-constrained sensor platform interfacing

Pat Pannuto Yoonmyung Lee Ben Kempke Dennis Sylvester David Blaauw

In this work we expose the challenges of interfacing both conventional and new systems with an extremely resource constrained platform. We find that even when attempts are made to utilize an industry standard protocol (I2C), necessary protocol modifications for ultra-low power design means that interfacing remains non-trivial. We present a functional 0.4mm × 0.8mm ARM Cortex M0 with 3KB of RAM, 24 GPIOs, and an ultra-low power I2C interface. This chip is part of the Michigan Micro Mote (M3) project, which is designed to build a complete software and hardware platform for general purpose sensing at the millimeter scale. We demo an I2C interface circuit allowing commercial hardware to program and interact with the chip and present the beginning of the millimeter scale sensing revolution.

Interfacing

Interface (matter)

10.1109/ipsn.2012.6920923

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MBus: A 17.5 pJ/bit/chip portable interconnect bus for millimeter-scale sensor systems with 8 nW standby power

Ye-Sheng Kuo Pat Pannuto Gyouho Kim Zhiyoong Foo Inhee Lee

We propose an ultra-low power interconnect bus for millimeter-scale wireless sensor nodes. Using only 4 IO pads, the bus minimizes the required chip real estate, enabling ultrasmall form factors in modular sensor node designs. Low power is achieved using a "clockless" design of member nodes while aggressive power gating allows an ultra-low power standby mode with only 53 gates powered on. An integrated wakeup scheme is compatible with PMUs that have a special low power standby mode. The MBus is fully synthesizable and uses robust timing. Implemented in a 3 module system in 180nm technology, Mbus achieves 8nW of standby power and 17.5 pJ/bit/chip.

Standby power

10.1109/cicc.2014.6946046

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Citations (21)

Ultra-constrained sensor platform interfacing

Pat Pannuto Yoonmyung Lee Ben Kempke Dennis Sylvester David Blaauw

Interfacing

10.1145/2185677.2185721

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Citations (6)