Siegmund J. Baum

International Society for Experimental Hematology

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G.H. Anno

Applied Research Associates (United States)

G. D. Ledney

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Robert W. Young

Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

L. J. Parkhurst

Georgetown University

J. Kabal

Georgetown University

D. J. Kimeldorf

Oregon State University

Edward L. Alpen

University of California, Berkeley

D H Pluznik

United States Food and Drug Administration

H.R. Withers

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

D. E. Wyant

Georgetown University

Cooperative Institutions

Massachusetts General Hospital

Harvard University

University of California, Los Angeles

The University of Texas System

Anderson Hospital

Naval Medical Research Command

United States Army Aeromedical Research Lab

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Johns Hopkins University

Georgetown University

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Symptomatology of Acute Radiation Effects in Humans After Exposure to Doses of 0.5-30 Gy

Health Physics (1989)

G.H. Anno Siegmund J. Baum Hartley Withers Robert W. Young

This article distills from available data descriptions of typical human symptoms in reaction to prompt total-body ionizing radiation in the dose range 0.5 to 30 Gy midline body tissue. The symptoms are correlated with dose and time over the acute postexposure period of 6 wk. The purpose is to provide a symptomatology basis for assessing early functional impairment of individuals who may be involved in civil defense, emergency medical care and various military activities in the event of a nuclear attack. The dose range is divided into eight subranges associated with important pathophysiological events. For each subrange, signs and symptoms are designated including estimates of symptom onset, severity, duration and incidence.

Acute Radiation Syndrome

Acute exposure

Pathophysiology

10.1097/00004032-198906000-00001

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Citations (169)

HTLV-I and HTLV-II Associated Diseases in England and Wales

Journal watch (2000)

Siegmund J. Baum

Two retroviruses closely associated with HIV -- HTLV-I (endemic in Japan, the Caribbean, Africa, and Melanesia) and HTLV-II (endemic in Africa and among Native Americans) -- can cause many fatal and chronic diseases. To assess the prevalence of infection with these agents in England and Wales during 1993 through …

New england

10.1056/id200006010000008

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Effect of Dose Rate on Iron Incorporation Into Newly Formed Erythrocytes of Rats Exposed to Gamma Radiation

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content (1957)

Siegmund J. Baum D. J. Kimeldorf

Rats were subjected to 240 r gamma radiation at several dose rates (10 r/hr., 30 r/hr., 60 r/hr. and 120 r/hr.). At various days postradiation the animals were injected with radioactive iron and the appearance of the isotope in newly formed erythrocytes was measured in the circulation until it reached a maximum. Lowest Fe 59 uptake was noted in animals injected with the isotope 24 hours postradiation. It was observed that dose rate influenced inversely the extent of iron incorporation during the recovery phase.

Iron Isotopes

Dose rate

10.1152/ajplegacy.1957.190.1.13

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Effect of Repeated Roentgen or Neutron Irradiation on the Hematopoietic System

Radiation Research (1961)

Siegmund J. Baum A. K. Davis Edward L. Alpen

Groups of six mongrel dogs were subjected repeatedly to either 150 rads of x rays or 150 reads of neutrons at 3-month intervals. A third group of six nonirradiated dogs was the control for any possible age or seasonal effects. After each of the four irradiation exposures, various hematological parameters were studied. It was observed that, while the dog normally incorporates nearly all the injected Fe/sup 59/, a 150-rad dose of either x rays or neutrons reduces iron uptake to 70 % of the injected dose. Similarly to what was previously reported for the rat, with each repeated irradiation a reduction below the iron incorporation value obtained in the previous exposure may be observed. The data may again best be described with a simple exponential equation. Although hematocrit values did not change until after the third irradiation, the erythrocyte volume decreased continuously, which further implicates residual radiation effects to the erythropoietic system. The employed radiation dose caused the characteristic decrease in peripheral leukocyte and platelet values, and complete recovery was not observed with repeated exposures. In general, the effects of x irradiation on leukocyte and platelet counts appeared to be greater than those of neutron irradiation. Finally, whereas four outmore » of six x-irradiated dogs died after four replicated exposures, only one neutron-exposed dog did not survive. (auth)« less

Roentgen

Roentgen rays

Neutron irradiation

10.2307/3571072

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THE RESPONSE OF ENDOMETRIAL INTRAOCULAR IMPLANTS FOLLOWING TOTAL AND REGIONAL X-IRRADIATION OF THE HOST¹²

Endocrinology (1955)

Elly M. Jacobsen D. J. Kimeldorf Siegmund J. Baum

PREVIOUS observations indicate that exposure to ionizing radiation is capable of altering the endocrine integration essential for cyclic reproductive phenomena in the female. The evidence consists largely of observed abnormalities in the estrous rhythm of guinea pigs (Genther, 1931), rats (Freed et al., 1948; Leitch et al., 1949), and mice (Bischoff et al, 1944). Other indications of endocrine disturbances in reproduction are suggested by the reports of Mandel (1935) that precocious sexual maturity occurs in young rats following exposure to x-rays and of Schmidt (1937) that decreased estrogen excretion during estrus occurs in guinea pigs after local irradiation of the ovaiy. The present study was undertaken to determine whether total body irradiation is capable to modifying the growth of endometrial tissue in the rabbit, and, if possible, to establish whether such modifications could be attributable to changes in the level of endogenous hormone or to changes in the sensitivity of the target tissue to hormone stimulation.

10.1210/endo-56-2-178

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Autologous Bone-Marrow Implantation after Fast Neutron Irradiation of Dogs

Radiation Research (1959)

Edward L. Alpen Siegmund J. Baum

Several investigators have suggested that the course of events leading to death in mice irradiated by fast neutrons involves the gastrointestinal tract. The evidence in support of this position is to be found in the early time of death of neutronirradiated mice (1) and in the experimental observations which showed that bonemarrow implantation is less effective in supporting mice after normally lethal neutron irradiation (2). Studies to determine the LD50 in neutron-irradiated dogs failed to demonstrate an enhanced gastrointestinal component at the lower radiation doses (3); however, the technique of autologous bone-marrow implantation developed by us (4) provides a means for increasing the dose to the animal without causing its death from bone-marrow failure. Under these conditions the gastrointestinal response may be observed while functioning hematopoietic tissue is maintained.

10.2307/3570686

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Citations (15)

Canine Intestinal Vasoactivity during the Development of the Gastrointestinal Radiation Syndrome

Radiation Research (1972)

J. Kabal Siegmund J. Baum L. J. Parkhurst

Abstract : The functional vascular integrity of the small intestine in relationship to its morphological alterations during the post irradiation period was examined Dogs were exposed to 1500 rads (midline tissue dose) of mixed gamma-neutron radiation. Hemodynamic parameters of an in situ intestinal loop were measured in response to the systemic administration of norepinephrine, isoproterenol and gradual bleeding and reinfusion. The results indicate that 48 hours postirradiation when the capillaries are virtually intact and the systemic hemodynamic parameters are not altered yet, the functional integrity of the intestinal vasculature is already significantly deteriorated. The intestinal resistance vessels of the irradiated animals did not exert 'autoregulatory escape' as the controls did. After 72 hours the vasocompensation to the sudden blood pressure changes was also markedly changed. The fluctuation of the intestinal resistance values during the bleeding and reinfusion periods demonstrated neurohumoral imbalance in the postirradiation period. On the basis of these results it is postulated that the terminal cardiovascular collapse in irradiated animals might be due to the development of intestinal ischemic shock.

Acute Radiation Syndrome

10.2307/3573550

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Citations (13)

An 'in vivo' Model for the Definitive Analysis of Cellular Inflammation in Normal and Irradiated Rats

D. E. Wyant Siegmund J. Baum

Abstract : A new in vivo model which gives a more accurate picture of cellular inflammation was developed. It involves a subcutaneously implanted plastic cup which can easily be used to assess quantitatively dynamic exudate cell migration. The use of this model in normal and irradiated rats has provided new insights into the kinetics of exudate cells during acute inflammation. Under the conditions described in this study, it appears that mononuclear cells are the dominant type cells in inflammatory exudates much earlier than has been previously reported in studies using less quantitative models.

Exudate

10.21236/ada010141

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Citations (2)

Current methodology in experimental hematology.

PubMed (1984)

Siegmund J. Baum

Hematology

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Citations (9)

Recent advances and future directions in bone marrow transplantation : proceedings of a symposium held in conjunction with the 16th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Experimental Hematology, August 23-28, 1987, Tokyo, Japan