Polycythaemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative disease that arises in a clonal haematopoietic stem cell and is characterized by increased red blood cell production that is independent of the mechanisms that normally regulate erythropoiesis. Evaluation of the role of JAK2 mutation had been carried out in polycythaemia vera in some Iraqi patients, from beginning June 2008 up to the 30 of November 2009,attending national center of hematology for research and treatment . Thirty two patients have been included with age range of 30-66years and ten apparently healthy control group with age range of 32-55 years. Results revealed that polycythemic patients had mean age of (50.41 ±1.71). The molecular study using amplification refractory mutation ,has clarified that (90.6%) of patients with polycythaemia vera had JAK2 mutation .According to the above results to introduce JAK2 mutation test as part of routine work in suspected patients with Polycythaemia vera.
Background: Chronic myelogenous leukemia is a clonal disorder of the pleuripotent stem cells which accounts for about 15% of leukemias. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the first line therapy for CML which have substantially improved the prognosis of CML. Nilotinib is a second generation TKI which is being used widely. as a frontline drug for CML treatment and also for imatinib resistant cases. Nilotinib has been reported to induce hepatotoxicity and to affect renal function Objectives: The current study aims to evaluate the effect of nilotinib on liver and renal function in a sample of Iraqi patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (chronic phase) treated with Nilotinib and its possible association with grades of other haematological parameters. Patients and Methods: Thirty three patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia and the same number of healthy controls were enrolled in this cross sectional study. All the patients were on Nilotinib hydrochloride for at least 6 months. Switching to Nilotinib treatment was due to intolerance or resistance to Imatinib. ALT, AST, blood urea, creatinine as well as other haematological parameters were measured. Results: only one patient out of thirty three( 3%) had a very high ALT and AST with grade 3 and only 2 patients (6%) were classified as grade 1 for ALT level. All the patients were within the normal range values of blood urea, creatinine and eGFR . Conclusion: Hepatotoxicity is a serious adverse effect of nilotinib that mandates regular check-up of liver function.
Imatinib Mesylate is an oral chemotherapy drug that has been used to treat Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML). It works as an inhibitor of oncogene tyrosine kinase BCR-ABLI as a target therapeutic agent. Despite the drug is well tolerated in most patients, impaired testosterone production and Gynecomastia after therapy might happen. The current study aims to evaluate the impact of Imatinib Mesylate on sex hormones of CML male patients in Baghdad province. Blood specimens were collected from (42) CML patients aged 23 to 68 years who used Imatinib drug for more than two years, and (45) normal persons aged 25 to 65 years as a control group. Exclusion criteria were performed for both control and CML patient's groups, including people with diabetes, hypertensive, and males complaining of infertility after taking medical history for every participant. The blood level of hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells (WBC), platelet count, testosterone, LH, and FSH were evaluated and investigated. The obtained results showed a significantly lower level of testosterone (2.73+- 0.97) ng/mL than the control group (4.72 ±1.02) ng/mL with a p-value of 0.000. While LH (4.53±2.1) mIU/mL and FSH (5.12 ± 2.83) mIU/mL were significantly higher than the control group (3.77± 0.8) mIU/mL and (3.85±0.807) mIU/mL with p-value of 0.026 and 0.005 respectively. Moreover, the outcomes revealed a moderate positive correlation (r = +0.348) between LH hormone levels with a duration increasing time of using Imatinib, while platelet showed a moderate negative correlation (r = -0.321) with time-consuming using that drug. In conclusion, Imatinib might harm testis functions and some hematological parameters that could increase using this drug.
Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is myeloproliferative of hematopoietic stem cells resulting in marked increased in granulocytes, platelets and red cells. Imatinib mesylate (IM) is potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor acts by occupying ATP binding site for BCR-ABL oncoprotein preventing phosphorylation of substrate and interrupting contact with protein. Aim of study: Evaluation of thyroid function and myelosuppresion induced by IM in CML patients. Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 13 patients with CML treated by IM for more than 6 months. Total blood count and blood film and thyroid function. Tests (T1 ,T4 and TSH) were performed. Results: All patients belong to Grade3 and Grade2 only of mylosuppresion, the most common cytopenia is neutropenia in (7) patients, anemia in (5) patients and only (4)patients having thrombocytopenia. Only three patients don’t achieve remission (6.6 %).Regarding thyroid function only one patient has high TSH level with normal T1 and T4. In spite of TSH level in patients significantly higher than the control group the mean values of two group were within normal range. Non-significant difference in T1 and T4 between the control and patients groups. Conclusion: IM do not seem to has clinically significant effect on thyroid function. However, thyroid function test is indicated before initiated of treatment with IM. Also CBC is highly recommended for monitoring CML patients on IM.
Cancer is regarded as global burden and a serious health challenge. Its occurrences increased due to population aging and the prevalence of risk factors. This study investigated the eff ect of metformin and aspirin on two cell lines SR (diff use large B cell lymphoma) and NB4 (promyelocytic leukemia). The eff ect of metformin as monotherapy on SR was 28.43% viable, while on NB4, only 44.4% were viable. However, the eff ect of aspirin on SR and NB4 cell lines were decreased; the percentage of cell viability were 27.2 and 41.2%, respectively. In conclusion, there is signifi cant eff ect of metformin and aspirin on SR cell line and only mild eff ect on NB4. These may be useful drugs in old diabetic patients with diff use large B cell lymphoma that may reduce the chemotherapy dose
Thalassemia major is quite prevalent in Iraq with about 15000 patients. Thalassemia is big health issue that have very big burden on health services. In Iraq 19 thalassemia center that reflects the importance of disease.Premarital testing for thalassemia is of prime importance of awareness of couples about the risk of getting the disease to their offspring and the complications of the disease.Education program is also important using mass media leaflets and posters about the importance of prevention of the disease
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