Taher Kamal Osman

Buraydah Colleges

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Davide Monaco

University of Bari Aldo Moro

Jasmine Fusi

University of Milan

Giovanni Michele Lacalandra

University of Bari Aldo Moro

Monica Probo

University of Milan

Carolina Castagnetti

University of Bologna

Jole Mariella

University of Bologna

H Shafiek

Buraydah Colleges

Francesca Freccero

University of Bologna

Aliai Lanci

University of Bologna

Zeeshan Ansar

Buraydah Colleges

Cooperative Institutions

University of Bologna

University of Bari Aldo Moro

University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation

Buraydah Colleges

University of Milan

Ospedale Maggiore di Lodi

Medizinische Hochschule Hannover

University of Zurich

Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops

Alexandria University

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Hematological reference intervals in newborn dromedary calves in the first week after birth: Age and sex-related variations

Research in Veterinary Science (2024)

Davide Monaco Jole Mariella Jasmine Fusi Taher Kamal Osman Ahmed Abdel Rauf

The establishment of hematological reference intervals (RIs) is an important tool to assess the health status of animals and to evaluate the impact of diseases at individual and population levels. Nowadays, specific RIs of hematological parameters in newborn dromedary camel calves at birth and during the first week after birth, are lacking. Therefore, RIs for the hematological variables from a complete blood cell count were established in 47 healthy newborn dromedary calves (18 females and 29 males). Blood samples were collected within 2 h after birth (d0), at 24 h (d1), at 3 (d3) and 7 days (d7) after birth, and analyzed within 24 h. The RIs were described based on the 95% confidence interval, and possible differences among mean values due to age (sampling time) and sex were investigated. Statistical analysis showed that age affected all the hematological variables except MCV, MCH, and MCHC, indicating that the adaptational process to the extrauterine life continues for several days after birth; sex affected most of the hematological variables, with higher RBC and PLT count, HGB, PCV, neutrophil population and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio at d7 in females compared to males. These findings suggest possible sex-based differences in the physiological maturation mechanisms and deserves further investigations. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of hematological RIs for newborn dromedary calves at birth up to 7 days of age; the RIs registered in the present study in newborns differ from those reported in adult dromedaries in literature, thus confirming the need for the adoption of separated reference ranges according to age also in the dromedary camel, as previously reported for other species.

Blood count

Blood sampling

10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105172

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On-field Gross Morphology Evaluation of Dromedary Camel (Camelus dromedarius) Fetal Membranes

Animals (2024)

Davide Monaco Carolina Castagnetti Aliai Lanci Taher Kamal Osman Giovanni Michele Lacalandra

The dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) fetal membranes, commonly referred to as “the placenta”, are epitheliochorial, diffuse, and microcotyledonary, similarly to the mare’s placenta. The evaluation of the placenta is an essential component of the neonatal evaluation in the equine species. However, post-partum or post-abortion placental assessment in dromedary camels is unfortunately too frequently neglected and, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the dromedary camel species lacks a comprehensive description of the normal placenta’s gross morphology. In order to facilitate its on-field evaluation, the current study describes the macroscopic features of the placenta of the dromedary camel after full-term pregnancy and spontaneous parturition.

Morphology

10.3390/ani14111553

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The Effect of Cushioned Centrifugation, with and without Enzymatic Reduction of Viscosity, on the Motility Pattern and Kinematic Parameters of Dromedary Camel Bull Spermatozoa

Animals (2023)

Davide Monaco Giovanni Michele Lacalandra Zeeshan Ansar Paolo Trerotoli Brendan Patrick Mulligan

In order to contribute to the development of semen processing procedures in camelids, the aims of the present study were to evaluate (i) the effect of 35% seminal plasma incubation on dromedary camel epididymal sperm motility and kinematic parameters, (ii) the effects of centrifugation, with cushion fluid and enzymatic reduction of viscosity (Papain + E64) during ejaculate processing, on the motility and kinematic parameters of dromedary camel ejaculates. The incubation with seminal plasma significantly reduced the percentage of progressively motile spermatozoa as well as the proportion of medium progressive spermatozoa whilst increasing the percentage of non-progressive spermatozoa. The centrifugation procedure improved the sperms’ kinematic parameters, and the highest values were observed for samples centrifugated with cushion fluid. The samples treated with Papain + E64 showed a significant increase in both total and medium progressive spermatozoa, along with a reduction of non-progressive spermatozoa (p < 0.05). The results of this investigation show that a simple, cheap, and effective procedure, such as cushioned centrifugation, could improve the motility patterns of dromedary camel spermatozoa; in combination with enzymatic reduction of viscosity, this method leads to the best results in terms of recovery rates and sperms’ kinematic parameters.

10.3390/ani13172685

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Circadian Changes of Forestomach Motility and of Rumination in Camels

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences (1989)

Martin Kaske Taher Kamal Osman M. Lechner‐Doll Malin Larsson W. Engelhardt

10.5713/ajas.1989.301

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Citations (11)

Blood Gas, Acid-Base and Electrolyte Analysis in Healthy Dromedary Camel Calves up to 21 Days of Life

Animals (2023)

Taher Kamal Osman Monica Probo Davide Monaco H Shafiek Francesca Freccero

The importance of prompt evaluation and care of the newborn is essential for reducing neonatal mortality, which represents a major cause of loss in camelids. This study investigated the blood gases, acid-base and electrolyte profiles in healthy dromedary calves during the first 3 weeks of life, assessing possible associations with age. Twenty-one dromedary camel calves aged 1 to 21 days were sampled, and venous whole blood analyzed through a VETSTAT® analyzer. The following parameters were measured: sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-), hydrogen ion concentration (pH), partial pressure carbon dioxide (pCO2), partial pressure oxygen (pO2), total hemoglobin concentration (tHb), hemoglobin oxygen saturation (sO2), total carbon dioxide (tCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3-), base excess (BE) and anion gap (AG). Calves were divided in two groups; younger calves (1-10 d), and older calves (11-21 d). Statistical analysis showed an effect of age, with lower K+ (p < 0.001) and higher Na+ and Cl- (p < 0.05) mean concentrations in the younger calves compared to the older ones, and higher pCO2 and lower sO2 mean concentrations in the older group. These preliminary results firstly described the blood gas, acid-base and electrolyte profiles in the healthy dromedary calf during the first 3 weeks of age, suggesting an effect of age on some parameters.

pCO2

Base excess

Anion gap

Bicarbonate

Venous blood

Acid–base reaction

Sodium bicarbonate

Blood gas analysis

10.3390/ani13061117

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