The authors carried out serological typing of 98 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, isolated from patients of burn department of the Sklifosovsky First Aid Institute in January-July, 1974, and of 215 strains obtained from other sources; their sensitivity to 13 antibiotics was determined. Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures isolated from the patients were typed with O-sera of 10 serological types. The presence of several hospital strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found by means of serological typing; along with these there were revealed cultures of this causative agent sporadically appearing in the department. Sensitivity to some antibiotics could serve as an additional criterion for differentiation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains of the same serological type.
Dependence of the range of protective action of P. aeruginosa vaccine on the number of its composites was studied. A principle of the selection of strains who vaccines differed in vivo by immunological specificity was applied to construction of the experimental preparations and modelling a polyvalent vaccine. Increase of the number of components in the vaccine was accompanied by increase of its protective action range. However, with the increase of the number of polyvaccine components in the polyvaccine the accretion of the protective effect expressed in the mean protective index per component displayed a gradual reduction. It was calculated theoretically that a 6--7-component vaccine should provide protection from 94--96% of the P. aeruginosa strains; as to further increase of the number of components--it would induce overloading of the vaccine with a possible absence of any effect.
Materials of clinico-bacteriological study of 302 patients with thermal burns of different severity pointed to a considerable elevation of the incidence of Ps. aeruginosa isolation (in cultures) from burn wounds; the last few years it was found in about 50% of the cases. The greater frequency of Ps. aeruginosa detection correlated with the increase of the severity of the affection. By using Soviet set of 17 type agglutinating sera it was possible to type almost 90% of the Ps. aeruginosa cultures isolated from the wounds; a marked prevalence (over 70% of the strains) of cultures belonging to the serological group II was revealed. Patients admitted to the burn centre at early periods after the trauma displayed infection of the wound with the Ps. aeruginosa strain of the II serological group.
The author studied comparatively the immunogenicity of the vaccines prepared of 38 virulent Ps. aeruginosa strains belonging to different serological types. It was demonstrated that the immunogenicity of killed vaccines varied within a wide range--from the absoulte protective effect to its complete absence. The culture medium on which the initial culture was grown and the method of its detoxication produced practically no influence on the immunogenicity of the vaccines. Immunogenicity of Ps. aeruginosa vaccines apparently had no relationship with the serological type of the strains.
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