Considering that more than 50% of bird species are monomorphic, the identification of gender based on phenotypic characteristics is extremely difficult. The aim of this study is sex determination in species inhabiting the Republic of Serbia, all under the state protection and declared by IUCN as endangered. DNA was isolated from feathers. Sex determination was based on sex-specific CHD gene amplified by 2550F/2718R primer set. Sexing gave good results in all 91 samples from 20 species including 6 species where molecular sexing has not previously been successful.
The aim of this study was to test the feasibility and efficacy of a non-invasive molecular method for gender identification of parrots, using different types of samples and the Chromo Helicase DNA-binding (CHD) gene as a molecular marker. DNA was isolated primarily from feathers and the amplification of the CHD gene was performed using 2550F/2718R primers. In order to compare the reliability of different sources of DNA, we used buccal swab, blood and feces. All sample types exerted successful sexing results with the exception of feces samples where the success rate was 25%. Sexing was successfully determined in 239 birds belonging to 32 species of parrots. In 6 species (Amazona finschi, A. leucocephala, Aratinga aurea, Barnardius zonarius, Coracopsis nigra and Nymphicus hollandicus), 2550F/2718R primers proved to work well for the first time. Species used in this study are on the IUCN red list of threatened species. Furthermore, Amazona finschi, A. leucocephala, Cacatua moluccensis and C. sulphurea are on the list of CITES Apendix I. Since the failure in reproduction is one of the main causes of illegal trafficking of parrots, the non-invasive and universal molecular sexing method we tested may be a very useful tool in the preservation of endangered parrot species.
Due to an error in the units of measurement, this article was corrected and published online with the DOI: 10.1399/eps.2016.146.CORR. We ask for your attention.
Summary The experiment was conducted in order to investigate the effect thyme, rosemary and oregano essential oils in broiler chicken nutrition on productive performance and blood lipid profile. Beside this, enzyme activity in blood and serum level of immunoglobulin was investigated. The experiment was carried out under production conditions on a total of 1120 day-old Ross 308 strain broilers which were equally distributed into 4 dietary treatments with 8 replicates each. In the control treatment (T1) chickens were fed with a commercial diet, while experimental treatments were formed by supplementing the commercial feed with thyme, rosemary and oregano essential oils mixture in form of a commercial product, Herbal PHP, as follows: 0.05% (T2) and 0.1% (T3). In treatment T4 chickens were fed with the commercial diet supplemented with antibiotics in a concentration of 0.1% for the first 21 days of fattening.