Hermann Pohlabeln

Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS

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Wolfgang Ahrens

Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS

111

Lorenzo Richiardi

University of Turin

Franco Merletti

University of Turin

Paolo Boffetta

University of Bologna

Karl‐Heinz Jöckel

Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie

Jack Siemiatycki

Université de Montréal

Lorenzo Simonato

University of Padua

Ann Olsson

Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer

Per Gustavsson

Karolinska Institutet

Vladimír Bencko

Charles University

Cooperative Institutions

University of Sheffield

263

Royal Hallamshire Hospital

246

Imperial College London

152

University College London

121

Medical Research Council

120

University of Oxford

London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine

Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS

University of Bristol

Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer

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[Occupationally-induced lung cancer--a quantitative evaluation for the North Germany area].

PubMed (1997)

Jöckel Kh Wolfgang Ahrens Ulrich Bolm‐Audorff I. Jahn Hermann Pohlabeln

The aim of the study was to estimate the proportion of occupation-related lung cancer for males and females in Northern Germany. 1004 lung cancer cases (839 males, 165 females) were enrolled into an epidemiological case-control study in the study areas Bremen, the surroundings of Bremen and the Frankfurt/Main area. Population controls were matched for sex and region of residence. All patients born after 1913 of German nationality and with a histologically or cytologically verified carcinoma of the lung, the diagnosis not older than 3 months at the date of interview, were eligible. All individuals were personally interviewed with respect to their smoking and job history. Based on a published list of all jobs and branches of industries with sufficient evidence for lung carcinogenity (based on the reviews by IARC), the so called A-List, all individuals were classified regarding their lifelong occupational history. The same procedure was applied with regard to jobs and branches of industries with a suspected risk of lung cancer (List-B). The statistical analysis used conditional logistic regression, controlled for smoking. Being employed in a job of List-A for at least half a year was associated with a statistically significant odds ratio (OR) of 1.63 (p < 0.0001) and resulting attributable risk (AR) of 16% in males. For the B-List an OR of 1.34 and an AR of 10% resulted in males. The estimates of the attributable risk for jobs and branches of industry with a sufficient evidence of lung cancer risk is comparable to the estimates obtained by Doll and Peto for the US. If additionally jobs and branches of industries with a suspected risk for lung cancer is considered, it must be anticipated that approximately one quarter of all newly diagnosed male lung cancer cases in the study region may be caused by occupational risk factors. This should prompt to minimise occupational exposure.

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Citations (15)

International pooled study on diet and bladder cancer: the bladder cancer, epidemiology and nutritional determinants (BLEND) study: design and baseline characteristics

Archives of Public Health (2016)

Maria Goossens Fatima Isa Maree Brinkman David Mak Raoul C. Reulen

In 2012, more than 400,000 urinary bladder cancer cases occurred worldwide, making it the 7th most common type of cancer. Although many previous studies focused on the relationship between diet and bladder cancer, the evidence related to specific food items or nutrients that could be involved in the development of bladder cancer remains inconclusive. Dietary components can either be, or be activated into, potential carcinogens through metabolism, or act to prevent carcinogen damage. The BLadder cancer, Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) study was set up with the purpose of collecting individual patient data from observational studies on diet and bladder cancer. In total, data from 11,261 bladder cancer cases and 675,532 non-cases from 18 case–control and 6 cohort studies from all over the world were included with the aim to investigate the association between individual food items, nutrients and dietary patterns and risk of developing bladder cancer. The substantial number of cases included in this study will enable us to provide evidence with large statistical power, for dietary recommendations on the prevention of bladder cancer.

10.1186/s13690-016-0140-1

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Citations (29)

Fruits and vegetables intake and bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis from 11 case–control studies in the BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) consortium

European Journal of Nutrition (2024)

Iris W A Boot Anke Wesselius Sylvia H. J. Jochems Evan Y. Yu Cristina Bosetti

Abstract Purpose High consumption of fruits and vegetables decrease the risk of bladder cancer (BC). The evidence of specific fruits and vegetables and the BC risk is still limited. Methods Fruit and vegetable consumptions in relation to BC risk was examined by pooling individual participant data from case–control studies. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate study-specific odds ratio’s (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and combined using a random-effects model for intakes of total fruits, total vegetables, and subgroups of fruits and vegetables. Results A total of 11 case–control studies were included, comprising 5637 BC cases and 10,504 controls. Overall, participants with the highest intakes versus the lowest intakes of fruits in total (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.68–0.91), citrus fruits (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.65–0.98), pome fruits (OR 0.76; 95% CI 0.65–0.87), and tropical fruits (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.73–0.94) reduced the BC risk. Greater consumption of vegetables in total, and specifically shoot vegetables, was associated with decreased BC risk (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.68–0.96 and OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.78–0.96, respectively). Substantial heterogeneity was observed for the associations between citrus fruits and total vegetables and BC risk. Conclusion This comprehensive study provides compelling evidence that the consumption of fruits overall, citrus fruits, pome fruits and tropical fruits reduce the BC risk. Besides, evidence was found for an inverse association between total vegetables and shoot vegetables intake.

Pome

10.1007/s00394-024-03436-5

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Citations (2)

Exposure to Welding Fumes, Hexavalent Chromium, or Nickel and Risk of Lung Cancer

American Journal of Epidemiology (2019)

Beate Pesch Benjamin Kendzia Hermann Pohlabeln Wolfgang Ahrens Heinz‐Erich Wichmann

To investigate the risk of lung cancer after exposure to welding fumes, hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), and nickel, we analyzed 3,418 lung cancer cases and 3,488 controls among men from 2 German case-control studies (1988-1996). We developed a welding-process exposure matrix from measurements of these agents, and this was linked with welding histories from a job-specific questionnaire to calculate cumulative exposure variables. Logistic regression models were fitted to estimate odds ratios with confidence intervals conditional on study, and they adjusted for age, smoking, and working in other at-risk occupations. Additionally, we mutually adjusted for the other exposure variables under study. Overall, 800 cases and 645 controls ever worked as regular or occasional welders. Odds ratios for lung cancer with high exposure were 1.55 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17, 2.05; median, 1.8 mg/m3 × years) for welding fumes, 1.85 (95% CI: 1.35, 2.54; median, 1.4 μg/m3 × years) for Cr(VI), and 1.60 (95% CI: 1.21, 2.12; median, 9 μg/m3 × years) for nickel. Risk estimates increased with increasing cumulative exposure to welding fumes and with increasing exposure duration for Cr(VI) and nickel. Our results showed that welding fumes, Cr(VI), and nickel might contribute independently to the excess lung cancer risk associated with welding. However, quantitative exposure assessment remains challenging.

Hexavalent Chromium

10.1093/aje/kwz187

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Citations (76)

Comparing strategies to improve the implementation of healthy nutrition in kindergartens: a prospective observational study

Journal of Public Health (2016)

Tilman Brand Ingeborg Jahn Hermann Pohlabeln Silke Böttcher Sabrina Hense

Baseline (sea)

Food group

10.1007/s10389-016-0779-7

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Citations (8)

Oral cancer via the bargain bin: The risk of oral cancer associated with a smokeless tobacco product (Naswar)

PLoS ONE (2017)

Zohaib Khan Steffen Dreger Syed Majid Hussain Shah Hermann Pohlabeln Sheraz Ahmad Khan

In the wake of smokeless tobacco (SLT) being advocated as a mean of tobacco harm reduction, it is pertinent to establish individual health risks associated with each SLT product. This case-control study was aimed at assessing the risk of oral cancer associated with a smokeless tobacco product (Naswar). The study was conducted from September 2014 till May 2015 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Exposure and covariate information was collected through a structured questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) along with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). 84 oral cancer cases (62% males) and 174 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. Ever users of Naswar had more than a 20-fold higher risk of oral cancer compared to never-users (OR 21.2, 95% CI 8.4–53.8). Females had a higher risk of oral cancer with the use of Naswar (OR 29.0, 95% CI 5.4–153.9) as compared to males (OR 21.0, 95% CI 6.1–72.1). Based on this result, 68% (men) and 38% (women) of the oral cancer burden in Pakistan is attributable to Naswar. The risk estimates observed in this study are comparable to risk estimates reported by previous studies on other forms of SLT use and the risk of oral cancer in Pakistan. The exposure-response relationship also supports a strong role of Naswar in the etiology of oral cancer in Pakistan. Although still requiring further validation through independent studies, these findings may be used for smokeless tobacco control in countries where Naswar use is common.

10.1371/journal.pone.0180445

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Citations (39)

Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults

Nature (2019)

Honor Bixby James Bentham Bin Zhou Mariachiara Di Cesare Christopher Paciorek

Abstract Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities 1,2 . This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity 3–6 . Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017—and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions—was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing—and in some countries reversal—of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.

10.1038/s41586-019-1171-x

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Citations (628)

Intra- and inter-observer reliability in anthropometric measurements in children

International Journal of Obesity (2011)

Sarolta Stomfai Wolfgang Ahrens Karin Bammann Éva Kovács Staffan Mårild

Circumference

Skinfold thickness

10.1038/ijo.2011.34

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Citations (170)

Lung cancer risk among hairdressers in SYNERGY - pooled analysis from case-control studies in Europe and Canada

Occupational and Environmental Medicine (2011)

Ann Olsson Neela Guha Thomas Brüning Beate Pesch Benjamin Kendzia

Objectives

Most cohort studies show an increased risk of lung cancer among hairdressers. We investigated the risk of lung cancer among hairdressers and barbers in a large pooled dataset, while controlling for smoking.

Methods

The SYNERGY project has pooled information on lifetime work histories (ISCO-68) and tobacco smoking from 16258 lung cancer cases and 19922 controls, including 20% women, from 12 case-control studies in European and Canada. ORs for lung cancer and 95% CIs were estimated by unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, study, cigarette pack-years and time since quitting smoking.

Results

Less than 1% of the study population had ever worked as hairdresser or barber (145 cases, 140 controls). Hairdressers and barbers experienced a slight increase in lung cancer risk (OR 1.23; 95% CI 0.97 to 1.56), which disappeared after adjusting for smoking (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.72 to 1.25). Results by duration of employment showed highest risks in hairdressers with short employment. Results were similar by gender and histology of lung cancer. We observed a slight and non-significant increase in risk for male barbers, particularly in barbers with the longest employment and after adjustment for smoking (OR 1.62; 95% CI 0.81 to 3.24).

Conclusions

We did not detect an increased risk of lung cancer overall among those who ever worked as hairdresser or barber. However, among male barbers we observed that risk increased with duration of employment, although not statistically significant.

10.1136/oemed-2011-100382.378

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Citations (0)

Lung cancer risk among bakers, pastry cooks and confectionary makers: the SYNERGY study

Thomas Behrens Benjamin Kendzia Tabea Treppmann Ann Olsson Karl‐Heinz Jöckel

Pastry

10.1136/oemed2013-101469

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Citations (0)