J. Gąsowska

University of York

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R. Dąbrowski

Military University of Technology in Warsaw

J. Przedmoj̇ski

Warsaw University of Technology

J. M. Otón

Fundación Centro Tecnológico de la Información y la Comunicación

Marzena Tykarska

Military University of Technology in Warsaw

W. Drzewiński

Military University of Technology in Warsaw

M. Filipowicz

Military University of Technology in Warsaw

K. Czupryński

Military University of Technology in Warsaw

K. Kenig

Military University of Technology in Warsaw

Jerzy Dziaduszek

Military University of Technology in Warsaw

N. Bennis

Military University of Technology in Warsaw

Cooperative Institutions

Military University of Technology in Warsaw

University of Warsaw

University of York

Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

Warsaw University of Technology

University of Hull

Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej

Vanderbilt University

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Institute of Physics

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Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties of Achiral and Chiral Esters with High Tilted Synclinic and Anticlinic Phases

Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals (2004)

J. Gąsowska R. Dąbrowski W. Drzewiński K. Kenig Marzena Tykarska

Two series of three ring esters with chiral chain (derivative of (S)-octanol-2) and achiral chain (the swallow type) with high tilted synclinic and anticlinic phases were chosen to studies. The aim of presented studies was to find how the changes of different molecule units influence the mesomorphic properties of the compounds (temperatures, enthalpies and the sequence of phase transitions) and to find members with the best properties for mixture formulation. The compounds were studied by polarising microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, miscibility and X-ray diffraction methods.

Miscibility

Chirality

Derivative (finance)

10.1080/15421400490435224

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Citations (13)

<title>Influence of rigid core structure on layer tilt and mesomorphic properties in homologous series of three ring antiferroelectric esters</title>

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2004)

J. Gąsowska Jerzy Dziaduszek W. Drzewiński M. Filipowicz R. Dąbrowski

Mesomorphic properties (phase transitions enthalpies and temperatures) and the dependence of smectic layer spacings upon reduced temperature for eight homologous series of three ring ester such as: (S)-(+)-4-(1-methylheptyloxycarbonyl)phenyl or (S)-(+)-4-(1-methylheptyloxycarbonyl)-3-fluorophenyl or (S)-(+)-4-(1-methyl-heptyloxycarbonyl)-2-fluorophenyl 4'-(perfluoroalkanoyloxyhexyloxy)biphenylates and 4'-(alkanoyloxyhexyloxy)-biphenylates, and (S)-(+)-4-(1-methylheptyloxycarbonyl)biphenyl-4-yl 4'-(perfluoroalkanoyloxyhexyloxy)benzoates and 4'-(alkanoyloxyhexyloxy)benzoates were described. The terminal chain fluorinated compounds have SmC*_anti-SmC*-SmA-Iso phase sequence and a high tilted (orthoconic) antiferroelectric phase in broad temperature range.

Homologous series

Benzoates

Antiferroelectricity

Biphenyl

10.1117/12.581065

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Citations (17)

Comparison of Mesomorphic Properties in Chiral and Achiral Homologous Series of High Tilted Ferroelectrics and Antiferroelectrics

Ferroelectrics (2004)

J. Gąsowska R. Dąbrowski W. Drzewiński M. Filipowicz J. Przedmoj̇ski

Homologous series of chiral (S) 4-(1-methylheptyloxycarbonyl)-phenyl and achiral 4-(4-heptyloxycarbonylphenyl 4-(perfluoroalkanoyloxyhexyloxy)biphenylates or 4-(alkanoyloxyhexyloxy)biphenylates, chiral (S) and racemic (R,S) 4′-(1-methyl heptyloxycarbonyl)biphenyl-4-yl 4-(perfluoroalkanoyloxyhexyloxy)benzoates or 4 (alkanoyloxyhexyloxy)benzoates have been prepared and their phase transitions have been investigated by DSC and polarizing thermomicroscopic methods. Moreover the temperature dependence of interlayer spacing by a small angle X-ray diffraction method has been studied. The chiral and achiral members exhibit a SmC anti. phase, while racemic members only exhibit SmC phase. Fluorinated compounds have lower melting points, lower melting enthalpy and broader range of the SmC anti. phase than earlier prepared series with shorter spacer group (CH 2 ) m , m < 6. They are very useful components for the formulation of orthoconic (interlayer tilt 90°) antiferroelectric mixtures with temperature range from (−20°C) to 100°C.

Homologous series

Antiferroelectricity

Benzoates

Biphenyl

Atmospheric temperature range

10.1080/00150190490509962

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Citations (59)

New mesogenic compounds having fork-like or cyclic amide terminal groups

Liquid Crystals (2002)

Damian Pociecha Jadwiga Szydłowska J. Gąsowska Dorota Kardaś Józef Mieczkowski

Two homologous series of mesogenic materials with molecules containing an amide moiety, cyclic or symmetrically branched, as the terminal group have been synthesized. Materials of both series form lamellar liquid crystal phases. It was observed that elongation of the amide chains in ‘fork-like’ compounds destabilizes the mesophases, while ‘cyclic’ materials, even with quite large terminal amide rings, exhibit enantiotropic liquid crystalline phases.

Mesogen

Moiety

Amide

Homologous series

10.1080/02678290210126022

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Citations (7)

Structure and electrooptical properties of orthoconic antiferroelectric liquid crystalline materials

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2005)

R. Dąbrowski K. Czupryński J. Gąsowska Marzena Tykarska Przemysław Kula

The optic and electrooptic properties of recently prepared orthoconic antiferroelectrics have been revieved. Relation between their chemical structure and mesogenic properties, smectic layer structure and helical pitch is discussed.

Antiferroelectricity

Optical materials

10.1117/12.619805

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Citations (1)

<title>Broad temperature range antiferroelectric regular mixtures</title>

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2004)

R. Dąbrowski K. Czupryński J. Gąsowska J. M. Otón Xabier Quintana

Tristate regular mixtures with different electro-optical properties such as threshold voltage, saturation voltage, holding ratio and response time are presented. The relation of properties with the structure of compounds is discussed. All of mixtures show only moderate dynamic and static contrast but big gray level scale without hysteresis for positive and negative field driving.

Antiferroelectricity

Saturation (graph theory)

Hysteresis

Atmospheric temperature range

Contrast ratio

10.1117/12.581061

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Citations (8)

Orthoconic antiferroelectric liquid crystalline materials

Journal of Optical Technology (2005)

K. Czupryński J. Gąsowska Marzena Tykarska Przemysław Kula É. V. Sokol

New LC materials based on chain fluorinated homologous ester series and exhibiting high tilt angles of the synclinic and anticlinic smectic C phases to the layer surface are synthesized. Their mixtures in surface-stabilized geometry show an unusually huge change of optical properties after application of an electric field during the transition from the antiferroelectric to the ferroelectric state. In the antiferroelectric state they are optically negative uniaxial liquid crystals with the optic axis perpendicular to the cell plates, while in the ferroelectric state they become optically positive biaxial liquid crystals with optic axis parallel to the glass plates. The results of electrooptical characterization of the mixtures are presented. © 2005 Optical Society of America

Antiferroelectricity

Homologous series

Characterization

10.1364/jot.72.000655

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Citations (2)

Comparison of phase situation in recently prepared chiral, racemic and achiral anticlinic high tilted compounds

Phase Transitions (2005)

R. Dąbrowski J. Gąsowska M. Filipowicz J. Przedmoj̇ski Marzena Tykarska

Homologous series of three ring esters (biphenylates and benzoates) – chiral (S), racemic (R,S) and achiral (either isopropyl or 4-heptyl chain) were tested by DSC, X-ray and electrooptic methods. It was found that in chiral, racemic and achiral homologous series with a 4-heptyl chain, the smectic A phase is a strongly tilted phase of de Vries type, and molecules in the anticlinic phase are highly tilted within the layers (up to 45°). The homologous series with an isopropyl chain gave a normal smectic A phase and low tilted synclinic or anticlinic phase. Chirality does not influence the smectic layer thickness or the molecular tilts in the smectic synclinic or anticlinic phase, but strongly influences the ability to form anticlinic order. The ability of the molecules to adopt anticlinic order is suppressed when a permanent helical structure or strong steric hindrance is absent.

Homologous series

Isopropyl

Chirality

Benzoates

10.1080/01411590500436135

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Citations (13)

Good Laboratory Practice

J. Gąsowska

Educational videos are very useful tools in HE in general and Chemistry in particular. They can show techniques such as handling a chemical reaction and equipment and at the same time can be very entertaining… or boring. Boring videos are rarely watched and only a very determined person will finish watching them and learn the lesson they are trying to teach. In education there is a need for shorter, more realistic and entertaining movies. You need to grasp the viewers’ attention and keep them engaged. We decided to use our Undergraduate students to help us to film educational videos and prepare the content of the Advanced Organic Laboratory webpage. Their enthusiasm, down-to-earth approach and experience helped us to prepare content that is more understandable, interesting and approachable for their fellow students. The project was successful in improving the students’ engagement and in creating new educational tools for the Chemistry Department. It was also fun for the students and staff involved. Students had an opportunity to learn more advanced techniques, deepen their own Chemistry knowledge and feed it back to teachers and their colleagues. Filming, music composing, teaching, presenting, learning Chemistry (theory and techniques) and acting – new ‘stars’ were born.

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Citations (1)

Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of esters with swallow type terminal chain and their ability to enhance or induce anticlinic phases

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2002)

J. Gąsowska W. Drzewiński R. Dąbrowski J. Przedmoj̇ski K. Czupryński

Compounds with the terminal swallow tailed chain have been synthesized. The prepared compounds were studied by thermomicroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, miscibility and X-ray diffraction methods.

Miscibility

Chain (unit)

10.1117/12.472188

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Citations (12)