Emergency contraception (EC) refers to methods that women can use to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sexual intercourse, method failure or incorrect use.Unwanted pregnancy followed by unsafe abortion can be avoided by using different contraceptive methods including emergency contraceptives.Inadequate awareness of EC leads to its misuse among the youth, as it may lead to avoidance of condoms which places them at risk for STIs/HIV.The objective of this study is to assess knowledge about emergency contraceptives among M.B.B.S. students.This is a cross-sectional study.Data was collected from Second year medical students of Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute, Bangalore using Pre-tested semi-structured self-administered questionnaire.The total number of participants was 86 out of this females were 48.8% (42).97.6% (84) participants heard about EC, 50% (43) said their source of information about EC is health professionals and 58.2% (50) knew EC to be taken within 72 hours of unprotected sex.There is a lack of complete awareness about EC among studied population.As they are the health care providers in future, their knowledge regarding EC will be useful in educating public especially youth.
Background: Oral cancer is the 10th most common cancer in the world and third most common cancer in Saudi Arabia.
Objectives: The present systematic review is conducted to assess the prevalence and causative factors of oral cancer in Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods: This review conducted in adherence to PRISMA standards of quality for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses and was registered in PROSPERO with registration number CRD42017057791. Our systematic search included MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Scopus, and key journals and review articles; the date of the last search was December 2018. We graded the methodological quality of the studies by means of the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies, developed for the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP).
Results: A total of 82 studies were identified for screening, and 9 studies were eligible. All the studies were retrospective hospital records based. Oral cancer prevalence varied from 21.6% to 68.6%. Male to female ratio varied from 36.6% to 65.4%. Use of smokeless form of tobacco, Shamma was the main cause for oral cancer.
Conclusions: The present review showed a very high prevalence of oral cancer in Saudi Arabia with the main causative agent the use of smokeless tobacco Shamma.
Background: In Saudi Arabia, dental trauma is regarded as one of the most important issues affecting schoolchildren. This study evaluated Saudi Arabian schoolteachers’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding emergency dental trauma management. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 263 schoolteachers from 25 schools; 50.9% were females. A questionnaire was used to collect respondents’ personal and professional data and information on managing dental injury scenarios and the respondents’ attitudes toward dental injuries. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out for the independent and outcome variable of inadequate knowledge regarding dental trauma management. Results: Male teachers had better knowledge than female teachers regarding emergency management of avulsed teeth. Compared to female teachers, male teachers would scrub a tooth with a toothbrush to replant it back into its socket if it fell onto the ground and was covered with dirt. Males had a significantly higher percentage of believing it is not teachers’ responsibility to care for tooth injuries in schools. Teachers with teaching experience of 5–10 years had a significantly higher percentage of training in dental emergencies. Teachers with bachelor’s degrees agreed on the need for teacher involvement to save the tooth in a timely manner. Compared to general teachers, physical education teachers would put the tooth back in the mouth and send the child to the dentist immediately if they were hit in the face and the upper front tooth fell out of their mouth. Teachers with a diploma level of education and teachers with a general type of teaching qualification were 2.15 times (CI = 0.98–3.11, p = 0.002) and 3.19 times (CI = 1.71–4.22, p = 0.0001) more likely to have a higher level of inadequate knowledge regarding dental trauma management. Conclusions: There is a need to raise teachers’ awareness and improve their dental trauma emergency management training.