Md. Jahangir Alam

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

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Kazi Matin Ahmed

University of Dhaka

Brian J. Mailloux

Barnard College

Alexander van Geen

Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory

Peter S.K. Knappett

Texas A&M University

Larry D. McKay

University of Tennessee at Knoxville

Alice C. Layton

University of Tennessee at Knoxville

Andrew S. Ferguson

Columbia University

Michael Emch

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Verónica Escamilla

Innovative Research (United States)

Daniel E. Williams

Monash University

Cooperative Institutions

University of Dhaka

Dhaka Medical College and Hospital

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

Mymensingh Medical College Hospital

Bangladesh Agricultural University

University of Rajshahi

Columbia University

University of Tennessee at Knoxville

Noakhali Science and Technology University

Barnard College

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Wastewater Use in Agriculture- A Case Study in Periurban Area of Mymensingh District

Journal of agricultural machinery and bioresources engineering. (2006)

Md. Parvez Islam M.D. Hussain Md. Jahangir Alam

Wastewater (ww) is important for the farmers of developing countries for the production of field crops and short rotation plantations (SRPs) during the shortage of irrigation water. Wastewater is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and other heavy metals. In principle ww can be easily diverted to farmers filed with a very low cost. Other important matter is the appropriate selection of SRPs for the supply of firewood to farmers and the SRP will reduce the deforestation rate in the country by supplying biomass for firewood. Recently the authors conducted field works in some municipalities to know the peoples interest for ww and SRPs use in Bangladesh. This study reveals that during the period from November to May, there is an acute shortage of water and ww will be the only source of water to use in crop cultivation and SRPs production in Bangladesh.

10.61361/jambe.v4i12.77

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Adjuvant Zinc Therapy in Young Infants with Sepsis: A Systematic Review

Medicine Today (2025)

Raisa Enayet Badhan Md. Jahangir Alam

Introduction: Two of the main risk factors for neonatal sepsis are prematurity and low birth weight. Previous researches demonstrated the advantages of zinc supplementation for small-for-gestational age delivery outcomes and during pregnancy. However, there is little data on the possible advantages of supplementing with zinc to cure or prevent serious infections in this age group. Aim of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of zinc supplementation as a preventative and therapeutic measure in young infants with sepsis. Materials and Methods: PubMed, Elsevier Science Direct, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and additional databases were searched for articles to be reviewed. Included studies were evaluated the effects of therapeutic and preventive zinc supplementation in young infants in relation to the incidence and results of suspected sepsis. Seven randomized controlled trials involving 2,081 infants were included. Results: Certain research indicates that zinc supplementation may have a protective effect on the neonatal mortality rate (NMR) of preterm newborns, but it has no influence on the incidence of sepsis. Therapeutic zinc was linked to a considerable decrease in treatment failure in young newborns. There was no discernible impact of therapeutic zinc supplementation on hospital stay or NMR in newborns. Conclusion: Supplementing with zinc has no significant effect on hospital stay or sepsis prevention, however it may lower mortality and treatment failure in early newborns. Larger sample numbers and additional research are required to determine the direction and extent of any impacts. Medicine Today 2025, Vol.37 (1): 149-153

Neonatal Sepsis

Adjuvant Therapy

10.3329/medtoday.v37i1.79499

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Unsealed tubewells lead to increased fecal contamination of drinking water

Journal of Water and Health (2012)

Peter S.K. Knappett Larry D. McKay Alice C. Layton Daniel E. Williams Md. Jahangir Alam

Bangladesh is underlain by shallow aquifers in which millions of drinking water wells are emplaced without annular seals. Fecal contamination has been widely detected in private tubewells. To evaluate the impact of well construction on microbial water quality 35 private tubewells (11 with intact cement platforms, 19 without) and 17 monitoring wells (11 with the annulus sealed with cement, six unsealed) were monitored for culturable Escherichia coli over 18 months. Additionally, two 'snapshot' sampling events were performed on a subset of wells during late-dry and early-wet seasons, wherein the fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) E. coli, Bacteroidales and the pathogenicity genes eltA (enterotoxigenic E. coli; ETEC), ipaH (Shigella) and 40/41 hexon (adenovirus) were detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). No difference in E. coli detection frequency was found between tubewells with and without platforms. Unsealed private wells, however, contained culturable E. coli more frequently and higher concentrations of FIB than sealed monitoring wells (p < 0.05), suggestive of rapid downward flow along unsealed annuli. As a group the pathogens ETEC, Shigella and adenovirus were detected more frequently (10/22) during the wet season than the dry season (2/20). This suggests proper sealing of private tubewell annuli may lead to substantial improvements in microbial drinking water quality.

Indicator bacteria

Water well

10.2166/wh.2012.102

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Effect of stocking density on survival and growth of mud crablings, Scylla sp. in laboratory conditions

Md. Younus Mia Md. Jahangir Alam

Mud crablings, Scylla sp. were reared, for a period of six weeks in fiberglass aquarium under laboratory conditions, to determine the effect of four different stocking densities of 1, 2, 3 and 4 crabling/l of water on their survival and growth. Salinity of water was maintained at 25 ppt throughout the rearing period. Stocking rates of 1, 2, and 3 crabling/l resulted in a similar (p>0.05) survival rates of 75, 74, and 83.5%, respectively, that of 4 crabling/l resulted in significantly lower (p<0.05) survival rate of 56%. No significant difference was observed among different stocking densities in average growth of carapace length (CL), carapace width (CW) and body weight (BW).

Stocking rate

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Assessment of Groundwater Resources and Its Sustainability in the St. Martin’s Island, Bangladesh

The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences (2022)

Al Amin Asma Binte Kabir Md. Jahangir Alam Kazi Matin Ahmed ASM Maksud Kamal

The St. Martin’s Island, the only offshore coral island in Bangladesh depends on solely groundwater for domestic uses. This study finds that groundwater occurs between 1m and 7m depths within four different aquifer lobes distributed throughout the island. These lobes are formed by deposition of beach sands within bedrock depression and are completely isolated from the influence of sea water. The model simulated groundwater budget for one of the lobes suggests that 11% of total dynamic reserve is used for water supply to local inhabitants and seasonal tourists and the rest is lost due to evapotranspiration and seepage along the boundary of the aquifer. The chemically suitable quality of potable groundwater prevails throughout the island but presence of Escherichia coli in the groundwater samples of the island possesses a great health threat. E. coli is found in 58% and 44% of the groundwater samples during dry and wet season, respectively. The unplanned construction of resorts and their septic tanks within the aquifer are responsible for the pathogenic contamination of groundwater in the St. Martin’s Island. Although currently there is no threat of seawater intrusion, the rise of sea level over the bedrock barrier and storm surge inundation may destroy this resource in near future. The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Centennial Special Volume June 2022: 63-72

Bedrock

Groundwater discharge

Saltwater intrusion

10.3329/dujees.v10i3.59072

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Improvement of AOFAS Score after Suture Endobutton Fixation for Ankle Syndesmosis Injury: A Prospective Interventional Study.

Annals of International medical and Dental Research (2024)

Manash Chandra Sarker Md. Jahangir Alam Golam Mohiuddin Chowdhury Devolina Bhowmik Muhammad Raquib Hussain

Background: Ankle syndesmosis injuries, comprising disruptions to the distal tibiofibular joint, present challenges in orthopedic management, necessitating effective interventions to restore optimal function. Suture-endobutton fixation has emerged as a promising surgical technique for stabilizing the syndesmotic complex. The aim of this study was to determine the improvement of AOFAS score after suture endobutton fixation for ankle syndesmosis injury. Material & Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted in National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 2019 to August 2021. Due to COVID-19 pandemic only 24 samples could be collected who completed the final follow-up. Results: In our study we found the mean AOFAS sub score of pain was 18.33±5.64 in pre-operative follow up and 29.58±2.04 in 24 weeks follow up. P-value was <0.001 which is statistically significant. The mean AOFAS score improved significantly from a preoperative value of 22.71±7.07 to 85.29±9.41 at final follow up. Conclusions: In conclusion, this prospective interventional study underscores the effectiveness of suture-endobutton fixation in improving AOFAS scores and overall outcomes for patients with ankle syndesmosis injuries.

Syndesmosis

10.53339/aimdr.2024.10.1.13

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The comparison of organochlorine pesticides between underground water and surface water in karst area.

China Environmental Science (2013)

Xin Xu Yuchuan Sun Peng Wang Md. Jahangir Alam

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Comparison of fecal indicators with pathogenic bacteria and rotavirus in groundwater

The Science of The Total Environment (2012)

Andrew S. Ferguson Alice C. Layton Brian J. Mailloux Patricia J. Culligan Daniel E. Williams

Coliphage

Indicator bacteria

Indicator organism

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.060

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Citations (141)

Drillers mapping – as supportive tool to assess local hydrogeologic setting to enhance private sector capacity for scaling up safe water access

CRC Press eBooks (2024)

Md. Jahangir Alam Kazi Matin Ahmed M.M.A. Akif M.M. Bishal Ismail M.M. Rahman

Water supply in Bangladesh is mainly dependent on GW and there are some specialized/technical processes to bring that water from underground to surface and drillers are the most important and first tier of resources in this context. In 2020 an extensive survey and analysis have been done in three different parts in Bangladesh which includes Gowainghat, Daudkandi, and Assasuni with the support of DPHE-UNICEF and found that approximately > 85% tubewell are installed by local drillers individually which can extensively influence safe water coverage. But there is gap between their authorization process and knowledge. Among those surveyed 126 drillers about 33% do not have any knowledge about As and 30% driller consider clear water for a successful well instead of As. In these areas about 38180 private well are installed by local drillers and approx. 48% wells are still As contaminated. It's not practical to have geological and Hydrogeological information from all over the country. So these add-ons can help to do some detail study. In Daudkandi, Gowainghat and Assasuni general ideas of oxidized sediments distribution in shallow aquifers were identified and expanded from driller's mapping. From their long experiences aquifers and aquitard distribution can be assumed and used in extensive analysis. So they can play an important role for scaling up safe water coverage in Bangladesh.

10.1201/9781003317395-178

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Leishmaniasis amongst TB patients from Kala-azar endemic areas admitted to Surya Kanto Hospital, Mymensingh

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh (2016)

Md Fashiur Rahman Selina Banu Md. Jahangir Alam Md. Jalal Uddin Md Abu Sayeed Sarker

Introduction: Parasitic diseases and Tuberculosis were shown to be the risk factor for each other. Co-infection of visceral leishmaniasis and pulmonary tuberculosis are increasing public health problem now a days especially in developing countries. More than 81% of cases and deaths from TB are in developing countries and is aggravated by concurrency with parasitic diseases. Objective: To find out the occurrence of Leishmaniasis amongst Tuberculosis (TB) patients of Kala-azar endemic areas admitted to Surya Kanto (SK) Hospital, Mymensingh. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Infectious and Tropical Disease Department of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital from January 2014 to Decmber 2016. A total 176 TB patients reported from Kala-azar endemic areas admitted were included. For confirmation of diagnosis all cases of TB were sent for Gene expert before that relevant tests like CBC (Complete Blood Count), X-ray chest, Mantoux test, Smear tests were done. After having confirmed all the TB cases were investigated for Kala-azar. Venous blood was collected for buffy coat and serum for ELISA. All 176 patients’ blood were tested with ICT(rK39) for VL. There after splenic aspiration were done with full aseptic preparation for only those who were ICT positive. Smears were prepared and viewed under microscope with 10x 100 magnification. After that all these cases were tested by ELISA. Results: A total of 176 TB patients were selected in this study of which 120(68.1%) were male and male-female ratio was 2.1: 1, the mean age was 43.06 years. Among patients 87.49% were within 16 to 60 years of age that means within productive age of life are infected more with TB. In terms of education 79.10%(139) patients were below Secondary level, that revealed the illiterate and or less literate people were affected more by TB. Maximum patient’s family 132(74.99%) had monthly income up to 10,000.00 BDT (125 US$)i.e. the poorer people of the area. Out of 176 patients Smear positive TB cases were 170(97.41%) but By Gene Xpert all 176 patients were found positive. The blood sample of 176 patients were tested with ICT rK39 and 12(6.81%) patients were found positive for leishmaniasis who suffered from TB. In splenic smear test 12 patients smear were examined of which 11(91.66%) were positive but by ELISA all 12(100%) were found positive. Conclusion: Visceral leishmaniasis and tuberculosis co-infection have drawn attention to the clinical aspect. In both diseases infection may remain dormant asymptomatic which may be related to immune suppression and may lead to active disease. This study has been able to find out leishmaniasis amongst tuberculosis patients from kala-azar endemic areas of Bangladesh. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(2) 2016: 3-8

10.3329/jafmc.v12i2.41077

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