Peter Bystrický

Comenius University Bratislava

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Michaela Wimmerová

Central European Institute of Technology

Marie Pokorná

University of Veterinary Sciences Brno

Slavomı́r Bystrický

Institute of Chemistry of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

AČ

Alžbeta Čížová

Slovak Academy of Sciences

Eva Machová

Slovak Academy of Sciences

Radovan Murín

Comenius University Bratislava

Karel Kubíček

Central European Institute of Technology

Lucia Paulovičová

Institute of Chemistry of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Svatava Kašparová

Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava

Zuzana Sumbalová

Czech Academy of Sciences

Cooperative Institutions

Slovak Academy of Sciences

Comenius University Bratislava

Institute of Chemistry of the Slovak Academy of Sciences

Veterinary Research Institute

Martin University Hospital

Czech Academy of Sciences

Masaryk University

Central European Institute of Technology

Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava

Water Research Institute

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Fagus sylvatica glucuronoxylan sulfate−chemical profile and pharmacological view

Starch - Stärke (2015)

Veronika Sivová G Nosálóvá Ľudovít Jureček J. Turjan Silvia Vlčková

Glucuronoxylans represent a large group of naturally occurring and renewable biopolymers with a wide range of application possibilities. Controlled depolymerization of Fagus sylvatica 4‐ O ‐methylglucuronoxylan afforded three fractions of descending molecular mass, i.e ., 3000, 2600, and 1800 g/mol. The native polymer (GX1) and its depolymerized fractions (GX2, GX3, and GX4) were decorated by functional groups to give sulfated products (GXS1, GXS2, GXS3, and GXS4) which were used for pharmacological tests. Antitussive activity tests revealed that the increase in the dose of the glucuronoxylan sulfate (GXS1) from 50 to 100 mg/kg body weight resulted in only slightly increased cough‐suppressing effect. This fact indicates that the cough‐suppressing effect of the glucuronoxylan sulfate is not dose dependent. Results have shown significant cough‐suppressing effect of GXS1, it was only slightly lower than the effect of narcotic codeine. Glucuronoxylan‐derived fractions decorated by sulfates (GXS2, GXS3, and GXS4) showed similar cough‐suppressing effect as the polymer‐sulfate (GXS1) confirming thus that the changes in molecular mass does not affect the cough suppressive activity. Similarly, different contents of sulfate groups in GXS2, GXS3, and GXS4 did not influence their effect. Tests have shown that in the antitussive activity of all glucuronoxylan sulfates a bronchodilation was not involved. During the experiment course, no serious side effects after administration of glucuronoxylan sulfates were observed which is important fact from the application point of view.

Depolymerization

Bronchodilation

10.1002/star.201500122

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Citations (1)

Radical degradation of high molecular weight hyaluronan: Inhibition of the reaction by ibuprofen enantiomers

Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology (2001)

Ladislav Šoltés D. Lath Raniero Mendichi Peter Bystrický

The antioxidative and/or free-radical-scavenging activities of R-(-)- and S-(+)-ibuprofen enantiomers, as well as of the drug racemate, were studied in vitro on measuring the kinetics of (uninhibited or drug-inhibited) degradation of high molecular weight hyaluronan by hydroxyl radicals. The continual flux of OH radicals at aerobic conditions was maintained by the H2O2 + Cu2+ system. The kinetics of hyaluronan degradation was monitored indirectly by capillary viscometry. Under experimental conditions, with no drug addition, the relative viscosity ([eta]rel) decreased continuously, reaching 13% of the initial [eta]rel. value in 4 h. Each drug tested exhibited a dose-dependent protective effect against hyaluronan degradation, however R-(-)-ibuprofen demonstrated a slightly greater activity than the drug S-(+)-enantiomer.

Ibuprofen

Degradation

10.1358/mf.2001.23.2.627927

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Citations (18)

Effect of gluco-monosaccharides and different conditions on digestion of hyaluronan by testicular hyaluronidase.

PubMed (2002)

Peter Bystrický E. Machová N. Kolarova

The changes of molecular size of hyaluronan during enzymatic reaction of bovine testicular hyaluronidase at different conditions are monitored by size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography. The effect of glucuronate, galacturonate, glucosamines and pyridoxin as potential inhibitors of hydrolysis is evaluated. The most effective of all tested inhibitors was the presence of glucuronate which not only inhibited the hydrolysis, but also initiated enzymatic reconstruction by transglycosylation reaction at pH 7.0 and absence of any buffer or salt. That effect was not found in the presence of a salt or with any other of the compounds tested.

Glucuronates

Hyaluronidase

Monosaccharide

Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Digestion

Phosphate buffered saline

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Ultrasonic and free-radical degradation of mannan from Candida albicans

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules (2015)

Alžbeta Čížová Peter Bystrický Slavomı́r Bystrický

Mannan

Dispersity

Sonication

Degradation

Molar mass distribution

10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.12.046

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Citations (13)

One-pot preparation of labelled mannan–peptide conjugate, model for immune cell processing

Glycoconjugate Journal (2015)

Pavol Farkaš Alžbeta Čížová Peter Bystrický Lucia Paulovičová Ema Paulovičová

Mannan

Glycoconjugate

Conjugate

Reductive amination

10.1007/s10719-015-9644-0

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Citations (5)

A Systematic NMR Determination of α-D-Glucooligosaccharides, Effect of Linkage Type, Anomeric Configuration and Combination of Different Linkages Type on¹³C Chemical Shifts for the Determination of Unknown Isomaltooligosaccharides

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society (2009)

Dorothée Goffin Peter Bystrický Alexander S. Shashkov Mary Jo Lynch Emilien Hanon

Prebiotic isomaltooligosaccharide preparations contain $\alpha$-D-glucooligosaccharides comprising isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) and non-prebiotic maltooligosaccharides (MOs). They are both glucose oligosaccharides characterized by their degree of polymerization (DP) value (from 2 to $\sim$10), linkages types and positions (IMOs: $\alpha$-(1$\rightarrow$2, 3, 6 and in a lower proportion internal 1$\rightarrow$4) linkages, MOs: α-(1$\rightarrow$4) linkages). Their structure is the key factor for their prebiotic potential. In order to determine and elucidate the exact structure of unknown IMOs and MOs, unambiguous assignments of $^{13}C$ and $^1H$ chemical shifts of commercial standards, representative of IMOs and MOs diversity, have been determined using optimized standard one and two-dimensional experiments such as $^1H$ NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR, APT and ${^1}H-{^1}H$ COSY, TOCSY, NOESY and <$^1H-{^{13}}C$ heteronuclear HSQC, HSQC-TOCSY, and HMBC. Here we point out the differential effect of substitution by a glucose residue at different positions on chemical shifts of anomeric as well as ring carbons together with the effect of the reducing end configuration for low DP oligosaccharides and diasteroisotopic effect for H-6 protons. From this study, structural $^{13}C$ specific spectral features can be identified as tools for structural analysis of isomaltooligosaccharides.

Chemical shift

Heteronuclear molecule

10.5012/bkcs.2009.30.11.2535

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Citations (16)

Examining the Applicability of Passive Sampling for Long-Term Monitoring of Groundwater Contamination Caused by Currently Used Pesticides

Peter Tarábek Branislav Vrana Katarína Chalupková Alena Bednáriková Linda Okšová

The possibilities of expanding a groundwater quality monitoring scheme by passive sampling using polar organic compound integrative sampler (POCIS) comprising HLB sorbent as the active phase have been explored. Passive sampling and grab sampling were carried out simultaneously in the regions with vulnerable groundwater resources in Slovakia, between the years 2013-2021. For the pesticides and some degradation products detected both in POCIS and the grab samples, in situ sampling rates were calculated and statistically evaluated. By comparing the medians of compound specific sampling rates the limitations of POCIS for sampling of polar or ionized compounds were investigated. For the majority of the monitored compounds the median sampling rates varied between 0.01 - 0.035 L/day. In some cases, the actual in situ values could be confirmed by paralell exposure of POCIS and silicon rubber sheet with the same active surface areas. Sampling site and sampling period appear to have also some influence on the sampling rates, which was atributed in part to the groundwater velocity varying in both space and time. The influence of physico-chemical parameters (temperature, pH, electrolytic conductivity) remains mostly questionable due to the relatively narrow intervals of recorded values over the entire duration of the study. Concentrations of pollutants in POCIS could be used for predicting time weighed average concentrations in water, provided the sampling rates were known and constant. In most cases, defined by a combination of (naturally varying) environmental factors, influencing the actual in situ sampling rate, the compound specific sampling rate could not be considered constant, though. The relative standard deviation of concentration data from POCIS exposed in triplicates varied between approx. 5%-50%. Utilizing exploratory data analysis approach and tools enabled us to obtain a relatively complex picture of the situation and progress regarding pesticide pollution of groundwater in the monitored areas.

Groundwater Contamination

10.2139/ssrn.4457616

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Bioimmunological activities ofCandida glabratacellular mannan

FEMS Yeast Research (2019)

Lucia Paulovičová Ema Paulovičová Pavol Farkaš Alžbeta Čížová Peter Bystrický

Candida glabrata is a second most common human opportunistic pathogen which causes superficial but also life-threatening systemic candidosis. According to the localisation of mannans and mannoproteins in the outermost layer of the cell wall, mannan detection could be one of the first steps in the cell recognition of Candida cells by the host innate immune system. Mannans from the cell wall provide important immunomodulatory activities, comprising stimulation of cytokine production, induction of dendritic cells (DCs) maturation and T-cell immunity. The model of DCs represents a promising tool to study immunomodulatory interventions throughout the vaccine development. Activated DCs induce, activate and polarise T-cell responses by expression of distinct maturation markers and cytokines regulating the adaptive immune responses. In addition, they are uniquely adept at decoding the fungus-associated information and translate it in qualitatively different T helper responses. We find out, that C. glabrata mannan is able to induce proliferation of splenocytes and to increase the production of TNF-α and IL-4. Next, increased the expression of co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 and the proportion of CD4+CD25+ and CD4+CD28+ T cells during in vitro stimulation of splenocytes. Reported results provide C. glabrata mannan capability to modulate cytokine production, DCs activation and antigen presentation activity, influencing T-cell phenotype in response to stimulation.

CD80

CD86

Mannan

10.1093/femsyr/foz009

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Citations (33)

Both Enantiomers of 2-Hydroxyglutarate Modulate the Metabolism of Cultured Human Neuroblastoma Cells

Research Square (Research Square) (2024)

Eduard Gondáš Eva Baranovičová Peter Bystrický Jakub Šofránko Andrea Evinová

Abstract Elevated levels of D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) and L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2HG) in the brain are associated with various pathological conditions, potentially contributing to neurological symptoms and neurodegeneration. Previous studies on animal models have revealed their capability to interfere with several cellular processes, including mitochondrial metabolism. Both enantiomers competitively inhibit the enzymatic activity of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases. These enzymes also execute several signaling cascades and regulate the level of covalent modifications on nucleic acids or proteins, e.g., methylation, hydroxylation, or ubiquitination, with an effect on epigenetic regulation of gene expression, protein stability, and intracellular signaling. To investigate the potential impact of 2HG enantiomers on human neuronal cells, we utilized the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line as a model. We employed proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectroscopy of culture media that provided high-resolution insights into the changes in the content of metabolites. Concurrently, we performed biochemical assays to complement the ¹H-NMR findings and to estimate the activities of lactate and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenases. Our results reveal that both 2HG enantiomers can influence the cellular metabolism of human neuroblastoma cells on multiple levels. Specifically, both enantiomers of 2HG comparably stimulate anaerobic metabolism of glucose and inhibit the uptake of several essential amino acids from the culture media. In this respect, both 2HG enantiomers decreased the catabolism capability of cells to incorporate the leucine-derived carbon atoms into their metabolism and to generate the ketone bodies. These results provide evidence that both enantiomers of 2HG have the potential to influence the metabolic and molecular aspects of human cells. Furthermore, we may propose that increased levels of 2HG enantiomers in the brain parenchyma may alter brain metabolism features, potentially contributing to the etiology of neurological symptoms in patients.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-3993891/v1

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Citations (2)

Historia Slavorum Occidentis (2014)

Peter Bystrický Ján Steinhübel VINCENT MÚCSKA MARIE BLÁHOV JACEK SZPAK

Začiatky kresťanstva u Germánov, ktoré sa medzi nimi začalo výraznejšie šíriť až koncom 4. a začiatkom 5. storočia, neboli o nič jednoduchšie ako v Rímskej ríši, i keď príčiny boli odlišné

10.15804/hso1401

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