: Introduction Clarifying the Noise Problem Current Noise Control Programme Future Developments Conclusions Appendix A: Obligations and Guarantees Given in the Section 106 Agreement With Cheshire County Council
This paper explores the role which the public relations function can play in assisting organisations to manage their interface with the environment and, in particular, with their key stakeholders. The paper examines the conceptual arguments concerning the importance of the boundary‐spanning role of public relations practitioners and examines how this role was enacted at Manchester Airport, Britain's largest regional airport, during its prolonged campaign to win approval for the construction of a second runway on the airport site. Through analysis of this case study, the paper highlights how practitioner roles may vary according to the situational context, and explores the factors which may influence the extent to which the public relations function is able to contribute to the strategic management of an organisation's interaction with its environment.
Preface * Part 1: Trends and Issues Introduction: Perspectives on Sustainability and Aviation * Organizational and Growth Trends in Air Transport * the Social and Economic Benefits of Aviation * Aircraft Noise, Community Relations and Stakeholder Involvement * Part 2: Mitigations and Potential Solutions - Environmental Management and the Aviation Industry * The Potential for Modal Substitution * Air Freight and Global Supply Chains: the Environmental Dimension * The Potential Offered by Aircraft and Engine Technologies * Climate Policy for Civil Aviation: Actors, Policy Instruments and the Potential for Emissions Reductions * Part 3: Multisector Commentaries -Multisector Commentaries on Sustainability and Aviation * Economic Aspects of Sustainability and UK Aviation Sustainable Aviation: Implications for Economies in Transition * Key Issues in Aviation Environmental Policy-Making * Towards Sustainable Aviation? * Aircraft Noise: The NGO Perspective * Environmental and Economic Factors in Airport Capacity * Potential Improvements to Air Traffic Management * Making Aviation Less Unsustainable: Some Pointers to the Way Ahead * Sustainable Aviation: What do you Mean? * Sustainability and Aviation: Problems and Solutions * Airlines and Sustainable Development * the Case for 'No growth' * Conclusion * Index
SUMMARY This paper presents evidence for the involvement of herring gulls ( Larus argentatus ) as vectors in the recent outbreaks of Salmonella montevideo in sheep and cattle in Scotland and suggests that the transfer can take place over considerable distances. The breeding area in Scotland of herring gulls which overwinter in N.E. England is remarkably similar to the geographical distribution of the outbreaks. This pattern, together with the feeding behaviour of herring gulls on farmland, the presence of S. montevideo in herring gulls just before their departure from the wintering area and the timing of the return just before the peak of outbreaks are all circumstantial evidence implicating this gull in the outbreaks. The rapid return of these gulls to their breeding areas means that S. montevideo can be transported long distances in one day and raises the possibility that the original source of S. montevideo could have been in N. E. England rather than in Scotland.
An airport, like any other industrial complex, will impact upon the environment at both a local and global level. The expansion of existing airports is limited by financial constraints, the physical and ecological constraints of the local environment and the acceptability of further disturbance to the surrounding communities. A number of major airports are reaching the limits of their current capacity and sites are being sought for entirely new 'green field' developments. While in the past, capacity limitations have tended to centre around the provision of adequate runway, terminal, apron, or service facilities, increasingly today in parts of Europe and North America, airport companies are discovering the concept of environmental capacity. In some cases, this has an ecological basis, future development being constrained by surrounding sites of biological significance, in some cases by pollution controls such as air quality (e.g. Arlanda Zurich) while in most it is a social restraint resulting from the unwillingness of local residents to tolerate further disturbance from aircraft noise (e.g. Munich, Dusseldorf). The aviation industry is in the midst of a period of rapid growth and all the indicators suggest that this will continue into the next century. The same factors which give rise to an increased demand for air travel also results in the general public having a greater expectation of quality of life. This leads to an increased sensitivity to disturbance and calls for stricter environmental legislation. This paper describes the different ways in which the development and operation of an airport impacts upon the environment and considers how this will affect the future growth of the aviation industry. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 865038.
Summary The aviation industry plays a critical role in modern society, supporting global, regional and local economies and facilitating long distance travel for business and leisure. However the environmental impact of the industry is significant and this threatens the sustainability of future growth and the consequential benefits which could arise from it. Technological, operational and infrastructure improvements designed to reduce emissions and noise from aircraft are continually being eroded by the rapid growth of the industry, with the result that the environmental impact of air travel is increasing. Consequently, the sustainable development of the aviation industry will require that in future, technological innovation and fleet replacement continues at a rapid pace and that the highest priority is given to achieving a ‘step change’ in aircraft technology.
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