Eric Papas

UNSW Sydney

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Demographic Factors Affect Ocular Comfort Ratings During Contact Lens Wear

Optometry and Vision Science (2016)

Thomas Naduvilath Eric Papas Percy Lazon de la Jara

To determine if rating of ocular comfort during soft contact lens wear is affected by demographic factors.Retrospective analysis of ocular comfort ratings during soft contact lens wear extracted from 44 nonrandomized similar clinical trials (n = 986). Subjects wore one of seven daily wear silicone hydrogels (SiHy) in combination with one of nine lens care products (LCP), and two daily disposables lenses. The effects on comfort rating of demographic factors were examined after adjusting for lens and LCP effects using general linear model.Males reported lower comfort on insertion than females (7.9 ± 1.6 vs. 8.1 ± 1.6, p = 0.001). Over 45 years old had higher comfort ratings than those between 26 and 45 or <26 years old at insertion (8.7 ± 1.3 vs. 8.1 ± 1.6 vs. 7.8 ± 1.6, p < 0.001), during the day (8.6 ± 1.2 vs. 8.0 ± 1.6 vs. 8.2 ± 1.2, p < 0.001), and end of day (7.7 ± 1.6 vs. 6.8 ± 2.0 vs. 7.0 ± 1.6, p < 0.001). Neophytes reported lower comfort on insertion (7.3 ± 1.6 vs. 8.2 ± 1.5, p < 0.001) and during day (8.0 ± 1.3 vs. 8.3 ± 1.3, p = 0.020) than experienced wearers. Participants with Rx ≥-3.50D had higher comfort ratings than those with ≤-3.50D on insertion (8.3 ± 1.4 vs. 7.8 ± 1.6, p < 0.001), during the day (8.4 ± 1.3 vs. 8.1 ± 1.3, p = 0.010), and end of day (7.2 ± 1.7 vs. 6.9 ± 1.8, p = 0.046). Comfort during the day was different between participants of different ethnic origin (p = 0.024) with Asians reporting the lowest (8.1 ± 1.3).Demographic factors such as age, gender, lens wear experience, ethnicity, and refractive status can influence the rating of ocular comfort in clinical studies. The confounding effects of such demographic factors can be controlled by implementing randomization and appropriate multivariable statistical analysis.

Silicone hydrogel

10.1097/opx.0000000000000884

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Citations (16)

Pantoscopic tilt in spectacle‐corrected myopia and its effect on peripheral refraction

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics (2008)

Ravi C. Bakaraju Klaus Ehrmann Arthur Ho Eric Papas

Abstract Spectacles are a common option for the correction of myopia in children and young adults. Visual scientists striving to explain the process of emmetropization and myopia progression have been interested in peripheral refraction, as well as on‐axis performance. Using a ray tracing technique and mathematical eye models for myopia, this study assessed the effect of pantoscopic tilt on peripheral refraction in spectacle‐corrected myopia. At the centre and throughout the periphery of corrected models, hyperopic shifts in the mean spherical equivalent component were found in all meridians. Horizontally, hyperopic shift tends to incline uniformly with the increase in pantoscopic tilt, but this did not occur in the other meridians. No change in the trend of the horizontal J180 refraction component was found with changes in pantoscopic tilt among all myopic errors. The J45 component produced considerable shifts in the horizontal periphery, which increased with increase in pantoscopic tilt. The ray tracing technique provides considerable information about the relationship between peripheral refraction and aberrations, with the tilt of the correcting spectacle lens. Larger degree of tilt on high myopic prescriptions seems to produce considerable non‐uniform, hyperopic shifts, along with astigmatism and coma, in the peripheral visual field. These effects may be sufficient to play a role in the progression of myopia; however, further studies are required to fully understand this relationship.

Astigmatism

Subjective refraction

Peripheral vision

10.1111/j.1475-1313.2008.00589.x

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Citations (25)

12 Significance of hyper-reflective corneal epithelial cells during confocal microscopy

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye (2011)

Kalika Bandamwar Qian Garrett Eric Papas

10.1016/s1367-0484(11)60091-x

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Citations (1)

Photobiomodulation (low-level light therapy) and dry eye disease

Clinical and Experimental Optometry (2021)

Maria Markoulli Nivaasheni Chandramohan Eric Papas

Dry eye disease is one of the most common, chief-complaints presenting in clinical practice, with a prevalence of up to 50%. Evaporative dry eye, as a result of meibomian gland dysfunction, is thought to be the biggest component factor. Treatments for meibomian gland dysfunction aim to restore tear film homoeostasis and include warm compress therapy, eyelid hygiene, in-office meibomian gland expression and lipid-containing, artificial tears. A recent introduction to the in-office treatments available for meibomian gland dysfunction has been low-level light therapy, also known as photobiomodulation. The technique involves applying red, or near infra-red, radiation using low-power light sources and is suggested to promote tissue repair, decrease inflammation, and relieve pain. This work aims to review the available literature on the efficacy and safety of photobiomodulation in meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye disease, as well as what is currently known about its mechanism of action.

Meibomian gland

Artificial tears

10.1080/08164622.2021.1878866

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Citations (25)

Vascularización corneal y lentes de contacto

Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología (2006)

Eric Papas

10.4321/s0365-66912006000600002

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Citations (5)

Inter-ocular characteristics of the pre-contact lens tear film

Current Eye Research (2000)

Eric Papas Claire M. Vajdic

To establish whether the status of the pre-contact lens tear film as indicated by standard, clinical observational techniques is affected by moderate stimulation of the contralateral eye.Four indicators of tear film behavior, lipid layer appearance, amount of debris, inferior meniscus height and non-invasive tear break up time (NIBUT) were monitored in ten subjects before and during 30 minutes of monocular pHEMA contact lens wear. Concurrently, the contralateral eye was either subjected to moderate irritation by means of a silicone elastomer contact lens, or remained unstimulated. Data were compared, between the stimulated and unstimulated states to identify evidence of contralateral treatment effects.After 30 minutes, maximum contralateral differences between the unstimulated and stimulated conditions were 1 grade for both lipid layer appearance and debris, 0.1 mm for meniscus height and 4 secs for NIBUT.The magnitudes of contralateral effects induced by moderate, monocular irritation were comparable with the within-subject variabilities associated with these indicators of tear film behavior.

10.1076/0271-3683(200003)20:3;1-9;ft248

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Citations (14)

Corrigendum to “The significance of oxygen during contact lens wear” [Cont. Lens Anterior Eye 37 (2014) 394–404]

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye (2015)

Eric Papas

10.1016/j.clae.2015.04.005

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Citations (1)

Effect of Lens and Solution Choice on the Comfort of Contact Lens Wearers

Optometry and Vision Science (2013)

Daniel Tilia Percy Lazon de la Jara Nikki Peng Eric Papas Brien A. Holden

To determine if the ocular comfort of symptomatic contact lens (CL) wearers can be substantially influenced by choosing a better or worse performing CL-lens care product (LCP) combination.Twenty-four symptomatic and 13 nonsymptomatic CL wearers were enrolled into a prospective, crossover, randomized clinical trial. Two CL-LCP combinations were chosen from studies previously conducted at the Brien Holden Vision Institute that were found to provide the best (galyfilcon A/polyhexanide, combination 1) and worst performance (balafilcon A/polyquaternium-1 and myristamidopropyl dimethylamine + TearGlyde, combination 2) in terms of end-of-day comfort. Subjects were not informed whether they were categorized as symptomatic or nonsymptomatic nor were they aware of the rankings of each CL-LCP combination. Subjects were randomly allocated to one of the CL-LCP combinations for 8 days on a daily wear basis. Contact lens fitting was assessed after insertion from the packaging solution. Take-home questionnaires assessing ocular comfort and dryness (1 to 10 numeric rating scale) were completed on insertion and after 2 and 8 hours of wear on days 2, 4, and 6. Ocular symptoms were assessed on days 2, 4, and 6 after 8 hours of wear. A 48-hour washout period during which CLs were not worn was applied, with the procedure repeated using the second combination.In symptomatic subjects, combination 1 was rated significantly better than combination 2 after 8 hours of wear for ocular comfort (7.7 ± 1.3 vs. 7.1 ± 1.5, p = 0.01) and ocular dryness (7.5 ± 1.6 vs. 7.0 ± 1.6, p = 0.045), with less frequent symptoms of ocular dryness (p < 0.01) and lens awareness (p < 0.01) reported. No significant differences were found in nonsymptomatic subjects.Ocular comfort and symptoms in symptomatic CL wearers can be perceptibly improved by switching to an alternative CL-LCP combination. This finding provides justification for the efforts of both eye care practitioners and researchers to improve the comfort of CL wearers.

Crossover study

CLs upper limits

10.1097/opx.0b013e31828e92d4

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Citations (27)

Telomerase in the Human Tears

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science (2020)

Sultan Alotaibi Maria Markoulli Eric Papas Jerome Ozkan

Source

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Citations (1)

Lubricant Effects on Low Dk and Silicone Hydrogel Lens Comfort

Optometry and Vision Science (2008)

Jerome Ozkan Eric Papas

Purpose. To investigate the influence of three lubricants of varying viscosity, on postinsertion and 6 h comfort with contact lens wear. Methods. Comfort and associated symptoms of dryness were assessed in 15 experienced contact lens wearers. Subjects wore a low Dk lens in one eye and a silicone hydrogel in the other and participated in four separate trials involving no lubricant (baseline), saline, and two commercially available lubricants of differing viscosity. The in-eye lubricants were used immediately following lens insertion and every 2 h postinsertion for a 6 h wear period. Results. Postlens insertion comfort was significantly better for both lens types when lubricants or saline were used compared with no lubricant use. After 6 h lens wear, comfort was influenced by lens type and not by in-eye lubricant or saline use. Also after 6 h lens wear, less dryness sensation was reported for silicone hydrogel lenses when using lubricants but not saline. Discussion. Although lubricant use does help reduce dryness symptoms with silicone hydrogel lens wear, there appears to be minimal longer-term benefit to comfort. Furthermore, increased lubricant viscosity did not lead to improved longer-term comfort.

Silicone hydrogel

Dryness

Silicone oil

10.1097/opx.0b013e3181819f37

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Citations (24)