We aimed to evaluate the association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs) in Chinese individuals.We prospectively identified patients aged 50 years and older in neurology department from July 2014 to March 2015. Both periventricular WMLs (P-WMLs) and deep WMLs (D-WMLs) were identified on magnetic resonance imanging (MRI) scans and the severity was graded using the Fazekas method. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between SUA and WMLs.A total of 480 eligible participants were enrolled in this study. SUA level in severe group was much higher than that in mild group (for P-WMLs: 320.21 ± 79.97 vs. 286.29 ± 70.18, p = 0.000; for D-WMLs: 314.71 ± 74.74 vs. 290.07 ± 74.04, p = 0.031). Subgroup analyses showed that higher SUA level was associated with higher severity of P-WMLs in women, but not in male patients. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that SUA was still associated with increased risk of higher severity of P-WMLs (OR = 1.003, 95% = 1.000-1.006), but not D-WMLs.Elevated SUA level was independently associated with greater odds of higher severity of P-WMLs, particularly in women.
Objective
To observe the expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1(IGFBPrP1) in human pancreatic tumor tissues and investigate its significance and relationship with clinic pathological characteristics and tumor microenvironment of the pancreatic neoplasms.
Methods
A total of 236 patients with surgically resected pancreatic tissue from January 2007 to December 2017 were selected from the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. Totally 236 patients were divided into paracancer control group (normal pancreatic tissue adjacent to the tumor, n=111), benign group (benign or low-grade malignant tumor such as solid pseudopapillary tumor, n=37), and malignant group (malignant tumors such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, n=88). The histomorphology and collagen deposition were observed using hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining and Sirius red staining in the three groups. The expressions of IGFBPrP1, transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)and collagen type Ⅰ of pancreatic tissues in the three groups were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The relationship between IGFBPrP1 and TGFβ1, α-SMA or collagen type Ⅰ, and the relathionship between IGFBPrP1 and clinicopathological features of the pancreatic neoplasms were analyzed. T test and one-way analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis, and Spearman rank correlation test was used for correlation analysis.
Results
In benign group and malignant group, there were obvious cell atypia, and the cell atypia of malignant group was more significant than benign group. The contents of collagen fibers in benign group and malignant group were significantly higher than that in paracancer control group. IGFBPrP1, TGFβ1, α-SMA and collagen typeⅠwere highly expressed in the endochylema of the tumor cells and (or) the myofibroblast. The expression level of IGFBPrP1 in highly differentiated ductal adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in moderately and poorly differentiated ductal adenocarcinoma ((9.46±2.10)×104 vs. (6.48±1.38)×104 and (6.07±1.29)×104); t=7.430 and 6.767, both P<0.05). The expression of IGFBPrP1 in human pancreatic neoplasms was positively correlated with TGFβ1, α-SMA and collagen typeⅠ(r=0.530, 0.619, 0.625; all P<0.05).
Conclusions
IGFBPrP1 is highly expressed in pancreatic tumor tissue and its expression level may correlate with the histological grade of pancreatic neoplasms. The expression of IGFBPrP1 in human pancreatic tumor tissues may be accompanied by the activation of pancreatic stellate cells and the generation of cancer-related fibroblasts, and IGFBPrP1 may involve in the formation of tumor by changing the tumor microenvironment.
Key words:
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1; Pancreatic neoplasms; Tumor microenvironment; Transforming growth factor beta1; α-smooth muscle actin; Collagen type Ⅰ
Objective To evaluate the possibility of using preoperative conventional lung function tests and impulse oscilloresistometry system (IOS) to predict the development of postoperative respiratory failure after radical lung cancer surgery in patients with poor pulmonary function. Methods Fifty-two male patients with lung cancer between 51-63 yrs undergoing radical lung cancer surgery were included in this study. Preoperative pulmonary function was assessed by conventional lung function tests ( FEV1.0 , VC, MVV) and impulse oscilloresistometry system (IOS) (peripheral airway resistance R5-R20; elastic resistance ( X5 ) and Fres. Postoperative respiratory failure was defined as short of breath (SOB) , cyanosis, SpO2 85% , PaO2 55 mm Hg and/or PaCO2 45 mm Hg.Results Nine patients developed postoperative respiratory failure (17.3%). There was significant difference in FEV1.0 , R5-R20, X5 and Fres between patients who developed postoperative respiratory failure and those who did not. Logistic regression analysis showed that Fres is an independent factor predicting respiratory failure. Conclusion Fres is an important parameter of impulse oscilloresistometry system (IOS) for prediction of postoperative respiratory failure after lung cancer surgery in patients with poor pulmonary function.
Sprague Dawlay (SD) rats were used for the study. They were separately stimulated by 80 dB和100 dB noise, the cellular and humoral immune function were examined in 1,5,10,15,20 days. The experimental results showed owing to the producing of immune suppresive factor(ISF) in the organism, the noise stress significantly reduced the T Lymphocyte transformation and number of acid-naphthyl acetate esterase positive reaction(ANAE+)T Lymphocyte, and lowered the Fragment Crystallizable receptor positive reaction (FcR+) and phagocytosis of macrophage for the antigen, and decreased the antibody formation and antibody titer of B lymphocytes. These showed the decreasing function of cellular, hormoral and non-specifical immune in rats.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication in diabetes. An increasing body of evidence has shown that DN is related to chronic inflammation, kidney hypertrophy, and fibrosis. While thalidomide has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects, the effects of thalidomide on the pathogenesis of DN are unclear. This study was undertaken to explore whether thalidomide has renal-protective effects in diabetic rats.Male Sprague Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with 50 mg/kg streptozotocin to induce diabetes. Diabetic rats were treated with thalidomide (200 mg/kg/d) for 8 weeks, and then blood and urine were collected for measurement of renal function-related parameters. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot analyses were performed to assess renal proinflammatory cytokines, fibrotic protein, and related signaling pathways.Diabetic rats exhibited obvious renal structural and functional abnormalities, as well as renal inflammation and fibrosis. Compared with diabetic control rats, those treated with thalidomide showed significantly improved histological alterations and biomarkers of renal function, as well as reduced expression of renal inflammatory cytokines, including NF-κB and MCP-1. Furthermore, renal fibrotic proteins, such as TGF-β1, TβRII, TβRI, smad3, collagen IV, and fibronectin were also remarkably suppressed. Treatment with thalidomide markedly stimulated the phosphorylation of AMPKα.In this study, thalidomide suppressed the inflammatory and fibrotic processes in DN. These effects were partly mediated by the activation of AMPKα, and inhibition of the NF-κB/MCP-1 and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways. These results suggest that thalidomide may have therapeutic potential in diabetic renal injury through the anti-inflammatory pathway.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of crude polysaccharides from Chroogomphus rutilus on dopaminergic neurons impaired by MPP(+). SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with crude polysaccharides (200, 400 and 800 μg/mL), and then MPP(+) was added to cell medium. After 48 h of incubation, MTT method was used to detect the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells damaged by MPP(+). Annexin V-FITC staining and flow cytometry were used to detect apoptotic rate. The results showed that pretreating SH-SY5Y cells with crude polysaccharides (400 and 800 μg/mL) increased the survival rates, and reduced the apoptotic rates of SH-SY5Y cells. To rule out the possibility that crude polysaccharides may decrease actual concentration of MPP(+) by direct binding, we washed off crude polysaccharides before MPP(+) addition. Under this experimental condition, MTT results showed the survival rates of the SH-SY5Y cells were still significantly increased by 800 μg/mL crude polysaccharides pretreatment. These results suggest a protective effect of polysaccharides on the SH-SY5Y cells. Most of this protection is contributed by direct action of polysaccharides on the cells, not by binding with MPP(+). It is indicated that the crude polysaccharides from Chroogomphus rutilus can be developed as a potential drug for Parkinson's disease prevention and treatment in the future.
Objective To investigate the process of Stark cesarean section (CS) and analyze its key procedures and patients outcomes in order to understand its advantages and promote its standardization. Methods Elective Stark CS cases were divided into two groups according to time sequence and procedure difference. Group A refered to cases underwent modified approaches before standardization (n=362), and group B refered to cases afterward (n= 302). Duration of operation, time interval from incision to delivery, intraoperative hemorrhage, postoperative flatus time, postoperative morbidity, duration of retained urinary catheter, urinary tract irritation, wound infection, and abdominopelvie adhesion in the second operation were compared between the two groups. Results The average duration of the operations and time interval from incision to delivery in group B, which were (27.7± 10. 8) min and (4.92±1.21) min, respectively, were significantly shorter than those in group A, which were (35.6±15.2) min and (7.81±2. 79) min, respectively (P 0.05]. Postoperative flatus time in group B was significantly shorter than that in group A [(16.85±11.8) h vs (25.9±12. 7) h, P<0. 05]. Postoperative morbidity in group B was significantly lower than that in group A [1.3%(4/302) vs 4.7%(17/362), P<0.05]. The average duration of retained urinary catheter in group B was significantly shorter than that in group A [(15.6±5.3)h vs (26. 2±6.1)h, P<0. 05], and the urinary tract irritation rate in group B was also lower than that in group A [2. 5%(9/362) vs 0(0/302), P < 0. 05)], No incisional infection or delayed healing was found in either group. Rectus muscles, fascia and peritoneum adhesions were found in three cases with second surgery in group A and none in group B. No omentum, peritoneum and visceral peritoneum adhesion was found in either group. Conclusions Compared to the modified Stark operation, standardized procedure decreases operation associated complications and improves maternal outcomes. Therefore, standardized Stark CS should be promoted for better operative outcomes.
Key words:
Cesarean section; Methods; Peritoneum; Adhesions
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