Edward Jiménez

Central University of Ecuador

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Boris G. German

Instituto de Investigación Geológico y Energético

Vicente Sebastian Espinoza

Instituto de Investigación Geológico y Energético

Andrés Chico

National Polytechnic School

Ullrich Stahl

Central University of Ecuador

Humberto González

Centro de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social

Nicolás Recalde

University of South Carolina

Ricardo A. Narváez

University of Minnesota

Ana Emperatriz Paucar

Patricia Ochoa

Central University of Ecuador

Esteban Jiménez Chacón

Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier

Cooperative Institutions

Central University of Ecuador

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Instituto de Investigación Geológico y Energético

National Renewable Energy Centre

National Polytechnic School

Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier

University of South Carolina

Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango

Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

Northeastern University

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Algorithms of the Femtoscope: KeV X-Rays Cure Cancer While MeV X-Rays Only Burn the Cells

American Journal of Computational Mathematics (2018)

Edward Jiménez

The study of cancer with the Femtoscope shows us that the information of the cell nucleus is correlated with the atomic nucleus. Femtoscope and entropy algorithms monitor the time and energy of x-rays that transform cancer cells into healthy cells and vice versa. Curing cancer means recovering the information lost from a cancer cell, leading to a minimum entropy. The efficient treatment of cancer presents resonance frequencies in the production and elimination of cancerous cells, asymmetrically. The cure asymmetry of cancer is due to the support of DNA repair genes, allowing the stability of a race or species, and prioritizing life to death. Using the Femtoscope and Spectroscopy, we experimentally validate the resonance frequencies, which effectively cure the cancer and find the optimal times and doses of treatment. In this way, we minimize collateral effects and unnecessary economic costs. In addition, the phosphorus resonance demonstrates why the low energies of x-rays cure cancer and high x-ray energies only burn cancer cells.

Cancer Treatment

10.4236/ajcm.2018.84023

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An Overview of Hyperspectral Computed Tomography and its Applications.

Edward Jiménez

10.2172/1824918

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Supply chain development: Criterion of decision for implementation of future seed collection centers in rural areas

Revista Tecnológica - ESPOL (2017)

Boris G. German Edward Jiménez Andrés Chico Vicente Sebastian Espinoza A C Ricardo Narváez

The present work aims to provide an optimization model as a selection criterion for approving new Jatropha Curcas collection points in rural areas. Field work was carried out for characterizing the collection points, to establish the local Jatropha supply and to determine transportation costs. Data were complemented whit a Geographical Information System (GIS) and an objective function was defined in order to determine the Jatropha oil production-associated profit. The supply chain was optimized in order to maximize the profits and a sensitivity analysis was performed so as to find a profit-based criterion for the acceptance of future collection points. There are collection centers empirically implemented, that due to social components, can’t be removed or displaced. This constitutes the starting point for this logistic model. The location of collection points and the amount of collected Jatropha are the strategic variables that determine the standard deviation, and the more disperse the values, the higher the standard deviation and the stricter the acceptance criteria for evaluating new collection points. The transport cost of Jatropha Curcas seed is affected because it´s a secondary activity for farmers. The principal production activity is maize. The economic development and the social growth of the population in rural areas are the reason why the existent seed collection centers aren’t removed

Jatropha

Jatropha curcas

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Optimización de Centros de Almacenamiento de Jatropha Curcas en Manabí Ecuador

Revista Técnica Energía (2018)

Boris G. German Karolina Toapanta Vicente Sebastian Espinoza Ricardo A. Narváez Edward Jiménez

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo proporcionar un modelo de optimización como criterio de selección para la aprobación de futuros centros de almacenamiento de Jatropha Curcas en áreas rurales de Manabí. Se llevó a cabo trabajo de campo para establecer y caracterizar la cadena de suministro local. Los datos se complementaron con un Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) para definir la función objetivo que determina el beneficio asociado a la producción de aceite de Jatropha. La cadena de suministro se optimizó maximizando los beneficios, se añadió un análisis de sensibilidad para encontrar un criterio de decisión que determine la aceptación de los futuros centros de almacenamiento. Existen centros de almacenamiento empíricamente implementados que, debido a los componentes sociales y económicos, no pueden ser eliminados o desplazados, bajo este contexto se estableció el punto de partida para la modelación matemática. La ubicación de los centros de almacenamiento y la cantidad de Jatropha recolectada son las variables estratégicas que determinan el criterio de decisión de cada zona, en cuanto más dispersos son los valores de recolección, más estrictos son los criterios de aceptación para evaluar los futuros centros de almacenamiento. Adicionalmente se identificó que el costo de transporte de la semilla de Jatropha se ve ligado a la principal actividad productiva de los agricultores, producción de maíz.

Jatropha curcas

10.37116/revistaenergia.v15.n1.2018.320

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Quantum Games: Mixed Strategy Nash's Equilibrium Represents Minimum Entropy

Entropy (2003)

Edward Jiménez

This paper introduces Hermite's polynomials, in the description of quantum games. Hermite's polynomials are associated with gaussian probability density. The gaussian probability density represents minimum dispersion. I introduce the concept of minimum entropy as a paradigm of both Nash's equilibrium (maximum utility MU) and Hayek equilibrium (minimum entropy ME). The ME concept is related to Quantum Games. Some questions arise after carrying out this exercise: i) What does Heisenberg's uncertainty principle represent in Game Theory and Time Series?, and ii) What do the postulates of Quantum Mechanics indicate in Game Theory and Economics?.

Quantum relative entropy

10.3390/e5040313

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First Observation of an X-Ray Beam Following a New Geodesic When Gravitational Waves Deform Space-Time

Journal of Mathematics Research (2019)

Edward Jiménez Nicolás Recalde Wilson P. Álvarez-Samaniego Borys Álvarez-Samaniego Douglas Moya-Álvarez

By using X-rays of a linear accelerator (LINAC Siemens X rays, 6 MeV) for medical use, we were able to measure gravitational waves, GW, (amplitude = 56:385mm, frequency =1 = 3Hz, velocity = c and polarization) and its threedimensional effect on X-ray trajectories. The collimated X-ray beam, which is in the plane (X; Y); travels on the Z axis at the speed of light in air and passing through the machine isocenter, until it reaches the target and, ultimate, is recorded in a radiographic film. Apparently, there is an exceptional coincidence in the operation of LINAC and the presence of GW. This coincidence occurred in VIRGINIA, GPS (38.634 351 1, -77.282 523 9), UTC (12/06/2011: 12: 56: 01). This important event, but not sui generis, was recorded in the LINAC computer system, on a film for radiography, in the log file of the cancer treatment center and it was reported to SIEMENS in order to try to find an explanation of a possible hardware failure, some abnormality or any software issue. The physicist and Siemens service engineer on site concluded that such event should never happened because LINAC was not malfunctioning. Consequently, for the X-rays, there was a deviation of the isocenter of the LINAC (△X = (11:5 ± 0:5)mm, △Y = (48 ± 0:5)mm), by the action of the amplitude of GW. The tolerance of a LINAC is lower than these measurements, and the equipment will stop working if they are greater than ±1:0mm for isocenter (zero position) and ±2:0mm for other collimator leaf positions. Therefore, this constitutes a register of space-time alteration with a consequent variation of the path of the X-ray beam. Finally, the registered gravitational waves leave invariant the angle between the axes (X; Y), of the X-ray beam, indicating a constant polarization.

Isocenter

Collimated light

10.5539/jmr.v11n2p53

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THE X-RAY FEMTOSCOPE ALLOWS US TO MEASURE THE INTERACTION BETWEEN DARK MATTER AND THE ATOMIC NUCLEI OF CR, XU AND TM

Structural Chemistry & Crystallography Communication (2018)

Edward Jiménez

10.21767/2470-9905-c1-006

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Lost chapter of Physical Chemistry means convergence between Fisher Kolmogorov equation and tunnel effect

arXiv (Cornell University) (2016)

Edward Jiménez Héctor Paúl Mosquera Noroña Marco Vinicio Cortéz Guevara Esteban Jiménez Chacón Carlos Enrique Ayala Dávalos

In this work we show that the dynamics of chemical reactions of order zero, one and two have a representation through logistics probability. This probability is robust, stable and complies systemically with the differential equation of Fisher Kolmogorov (F K). It is robust, because in theorem 1 and theorem 3 differential equations of diffusion and heat transfer are obtained, where the temperature plays a key role. Also, the Eikonal equation of wave mechanics allows us to construct the heat equation. In Lemma 2, Fick diffusion equation is demonstrated. It is stable, because probability convergence when t converge infinitum, gives us new ways to analyze the kinetics of a reaction integrally, in Corollary 5. Finally, the theoretically and experimentally obtained algorithms and results support the convergence in probability of the quantum tunnel effect and chemical reactions for: hydrogen production at ultra low temperature and catalytic cracking of asphalt at high temperature.

10.48550/arxiv.1609.09351

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Analytical Chemistry 2018-The Effect Of Gravitational Waves And Dark Matter In Daily Life- Edward H Jimenez- Central University Of Ecuador

Edward Jiménez

Dark matter interacts with baryonic matter through gravitational force and weak force. There are reasons to believe it does not interact directly with the strong nuclear force. Moreover, if dark matter is hidden in the nuclear surface, then it can be detected through a variation of the effective K-edge cross section. On the contrary, if it is hidden inside the nuclear core, then it must produce a variation of the nuclear viscosity. The Femtoscope and low-energy x-ray spectroscopy allow us to measure the K-edge resonance and, at the same time, the absence or not of dark matter. We present two methods on the use of K-edge XANES spectroscopy for organic and inorganic compounds, one theoretical and one experimental. We can determine the absence or not of dark matter in the atomic nucleus, essentially in Phosphorus, Xenon, Thulium and Chromium. The algorithms are sufficiently manageable. This allows us to illustrate that our experimental arrangement is in agreement with underground laboratories providing direct detection experiments such as SNOLAB, Gran Sasso, Canfranc, Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory and the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. On the other hand, after processing the information of 12000 cancer patients, who have received doses of radiation with energies of the order of 6 MeV, we review all the treatment protocols before an irradiation. We have detected in a single file, recorded in radiography and digital information, where a part of the LINAC moved at a speed close to light in a vacuum, indicating a possible existence of gravitational waves. The coefficient ΔL / L = 0.00005, is higher than the value measured on 2017 by Nobel Prize in physics, which is ΔL / L = 10-18.The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will enable astrophysicists to observe gravitational waves emitted by black holes as they collide with or capture other black holes. LISA will consist of three spacecraft orbiting the sun in a constant triangle formation. Gravitational waves passing through will distort the sides of the triangle slightly, and these minimal distortions can be detected by laser beams connecting the spacecraft. LISA could therefore add a new sense to scientists' perception of the universe and enable them to study phenomena invisible in different light spectra. Scientists from the Center for Theoretical Astrophysics and Cosmology of the University of Zurich, together with colleagues from Greece and Canada, have now found that LISA will not only be able to measure these previously unstudied waves, but could also help to unveil secrets about dark mark Biography Edward H Jimenez has a PhD in Applied Mathematics from the University of Saint Etienne in France, his Bachelor is in Nuclear Physics and his masters are in Game Theory and Artificial Intelligence. Currently, he is a professor at the Central University of Ecuador in the Faculty of Chemical Engineering, and has worked for 19 years in the oil industry in the area of catalysis and nanotechnology of Si / Al / P using x-ray spectroscopy. He has published more than 20 papers with referee and 6 books of high impact in Ecuador. Nicolas Recalde, has worked for 15 years in cancer radiotherapy at Georgetown University Medical Center and Inova Health System, USA. He was Chief Medical Physicist at Potomac Radiation Center in Virginia, USA. He is a diplomate of the American Board of Radiology and a member of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

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High-Fidelity Calibration and Characterization of Hyperspectral Computed Tomography System

Edward Jiménez

This document archives the results developed by the Lab Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project sponsored by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). In this work, a numerical study was performed to show the feasibility of approximating the non-linear operator of SNL's unique high-energy hyperspectral computed tomography system as a sequence of linear operators. The four main results gained from this work include the development of a simulation test-bed using a particle-transport Monte Carlo approach; the demonstration to assemble a linear operator of almost-arbitrary resolution for a given narrow energy window, developing a compression approach to dramatically reduce the size of the linear operator via a spline approach, and the demonstration of using the linear operator to perform processing of x-ray data; in this case, the development of an iterative reconstruction method. This numerical study has indicated that if these results can be replicated on the SNL system, the improved performance could be revolutionary as the method to approximate the nonlinear operator for a hyperspectral CT system is not feasible to perform on a traditional CT system.

Characterization

10.2172/1763249

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