This paper investigates the individual, organizational and innovation characteristics that determine decision-maker mindfulness in the adoption of IT innovations. Mindfulness has been defined as both trait-like, i.e., relatively stable and permanent, and state-like, i.e., situation or context specific. Based on a trait-like view of mindfulness, we identify the personality factors – openness to experience and conscientiousness as its determinants. Based on a state-like view, organizational culture, more specifically informed culture is identified as a determinant of decision-maker mindfulness. The moderating role of innovation radicalness is also investigated. The hypothesized relationships are validated using survey research and the findings indicate that decision-maker personality, as well as an informed culture within the organization are important in determining mindfulness, particularly when decision-makers are faced with deciding on the adoption of radical innovations.
In collaborative engineering design research projects, the efficient and effective collaboration between the individual research groups is an important factor for the overall success of the project. However, different disciplines, research foci and personal backgrounds influence successful collaboration. The work presented in this paper focuses on the collaboration concerning models developed by individual subprojects and proposes a framework to support the necessary collaboration. Existing shortcomings are identified within a large scientific project in combination with an extensive literature review. The developed framework is based on two checklists in form of a model requirements document and model specification containing important aspects of models that need to be considered and communicated during the research project. Beyond the successful application for supporting collaboration in engineering design research projects, the insights and implications of this paper can be transferred to all other collaborative projects, where models are to be communicated between individuals or teams.
Modern mechatronic Product-Service Systems (PSS), as a combination of mechanics, electrics, electronics, software and services, require an interdisciplinary system understanding and development process. During the development, each discipline uses specific modeling languages and tools, which focus on certain aspects of the system. However, much of the model information is commonly used in the different disciplines involved. Thus, it is inefficient to model these commonly used elements separately from scratch in every discipline and thereby keep the data of the system consistent. Therefore, in this paper a concept for an integration-framework is presented, which defines a specification of the relevant PSS elements and their attributes, in order to facilitate the crossdisciplinary use of model-information during the development process of mechatronic PSS.
Information sharing contributes to supply chain performance. However, firms often struggle to achieve the required level of information sharing within their supply chains despite the recognised benefits of sharing information, and the availability of technological solutions such as inter-organisational information systems. About 90 Therefore, we have developed a two-dimensional framework to explain how various factors influence information sharing. In some initial case studies, we found dependencies of factors on information sharing. Based on these dependencies, we can propose some behaviours towards mutual information sharing strategies in supply chains.
Widely hailed as the next generation auto-identification technology, RFID has captured the imaginations of organizations across different industry sectors. Accordingly, organizational managers are faced with the important but difficult task of evaluating RFID in the context of their organization and deciding upon its adoption. This research uses the real options perspective to understand how managers’ recognition of the real options from the adoption of RFID affects their adoption decision-making. Conceptualizing the recognition of real options as a sense-making exercise by managers, we investigate the roles played by the institution in which the organization operates, and managers’ own mindfulness in recognizing these options. Using responses collected from 110 managers responsible for RFID adoption in their organizations, we demonstrate that managers recognize and value the presence of real options, and it affects their intention to adopt RFID. Both institutional factors and managerial mindfulness are found important in recognizing
Information sharing within the supply chain is an important factor for effective supply chain management. Having access to the right information allows firms to coordinate activities and collaboratively manage supply chains to realize higher performance. Despite this, there exists significant difference in information sharing behaviors among supply chain members. Using an exploratory case study approach, this research identifies the factors that determine differences in information sharing. Classifying the supply chain governance competencies of supply chain members along three dimensions, technical, advanced technical and relational, we analyze the implications of these three dimensions on the overall information sharing behavior of the firm. Based on an in-depth analysis and comparison of four retail supply chains, we identify different information sharing patterns and the factors contributing to the identified patterns. In particular, it was found that while the technical competency (primarily derived from the use of information technology applications) is necessary, it is not a sufficient condition for collaborative information sharing behavior. Relational competencies play a more important role in facilitating information sharing. Based on the findings from the four cases, we come up with propositions outlining different information sharing patterns in supply chains.
Social connectedness is an indicator of the extent to which people can realize various network benefits and is therefore a source of social capital. Using the case of Twitter, a theoretical model of social connectedness based on the functional and structural characteristics of people's communication behavior within an online social network is developed and tested. The study investigates how social presence, social awareness, and social connectedness influence each other, and when and for whom the effects of social presence and social awareness are most strongly related to positive outcomes in social connectedness. Specifically, the study looks at the concurrent direct and moderating effect of two structural constructs characterizing people's online social network: network size and frequency of usage. The research model is tested using data (n = 121) collected from two sources: (a) an online survey of Twitter users and (b) their usage data collected directly from Twitter. Results indicate that social awareness, social presence, and usage frequency have a direct effect on social connectedness, whereas network size has a moderating effect. Social presence is found to partially mediate the relationship between social awareness and social connectedness. The findings of the analysis are used to outline design implications for online social networks from a human–computer interaction perspective.
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