The purpose of this study was to evaluate the evidence of art therapy on the psychological outcome, quality of life (QOL), and cancer-related symptoms in women with gynecological cancer.
Capsaicin (CAP) is an active ingredient in chili pepper that is frequently consumed. It exerts various pharmacological activities, and also has potential effects on mental illness. However, its mechanism of antidepressant effects is still unclear. Based on the emerging perspective of the gut-brain axis, we investigated the effects of dietary CAP on gut microbes in mice with depression-like behaviors induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). C57BL/6J male mice (four weeks old) were given specific feed (standard laboratory chow or laboratory chow plus 0.005% CAP) for 4 months. During the last five days, LPS (0.052/0.104/0.208/0.415/0.83 mg/kg, 5-day) was injected intraperitoneally to induce depression. Behavioral indicators and serum parameters were measured, and gut microbiota were identified by sequencing analysis of the 16S gene. This study showed that dietary CAP improved depressive-like behavior (sucrose preference test, forced swimming test, tail suspension test) and levels of 5-HT and TNF-α in serum of LPS-induced mice with depression-like behaviors. In addition, CAP could recover abnormal changes in depression-related microbiota. Especially at the genus level, CAP enhanced the variations in relative abundance of certain pivotal microorganisms like Ruminococcus , Prevotella , Allobaculum , Sutterella , and Oscillospira . Correlation analysis revealed changes in microbiota composition that was closely related to depressive behavior, 5-HT and TNF-α levels. These results suggested that dietary CAP can regulate the structure and number of gut microbiota and play a major role in the prevention of depression.
Objective
To investigate the role of ATRX and P53 gene mutations in the classification of diffuse glioma in Chinese.
Methods
A total of 89 cases of diffuse astrocytoma (IDH mutation) or diffuse astrocytoma (IDH wild type) and all levels of oligodendroglioma from 2016 to 2017 were collected, and detected the expression of ATRX protein and over expression of P53 protein by immunohistochemistry, and analyzed their expression in different types of diffuse gliomas.
Results
The ratio of ATRX loss expression in diffuse astrocytoma (IDH mutation) (17/24) was higher than that in oligodendrogliomas (3/16), P<0.01; the ratio of P53 over expression in diffuse astrocytoma (IDH mutation) (15/24) was higher than that in oligodendrogliomas (1/16), P<0.01; the ratio of ATRX loss expression in diffuse astrocytoma (IDH mutation) (71%, 17/24) was higher than that in diffuse astrocytoma (IDH wild) (41%, 20/49), P<0.05.
Conclusions
ATRX and P53 mutation is one of the molecular genetic characteristics of diffuse astrocytoma (IDH mutation), which may be contributed to diagnose diffuse astrocytoma.
Key words:
Diffuse glioma; Tumor suppressor protein P53; Alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome-X
Background. Endometrial lesions in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) exhibit complex pathological features, and these patients are at risk of both short-term and long-term complications. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), which is gradually becoming more accepted and is believed to be clinically effective, claims to be promising for treating PCOS, and thus its effect on the abnormal endometrium of PCOS patients should be assessed. The present meta-analysis sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CAM in treating endometrial lesions in patients with PCOS. Methods. Randomized trials on CAM were identified in four Chinese and seven English-language databases from their establishment to January 2020. The present study included patients diagnosed with PCOS and abnormal endometrial conditions who underwent CAM therapy independently or in combination with traditional western medicine. Data were extracted, and the Cochrane “risk of bias” tool was used to assess methodological quality. Effects were expressed as the relative risk (RR) or mean difference (MD/SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) as calculated with Rev Man 5.3. Results. A total of 13 randomized controlled trials were included, involving 1,297 PCOS patients treated for endometrial abnormalities. Methodological quality was generally unclear or had a low risk of bias. The trials tested four different types of CAM therapies (i.e., traditional Chinese medicine treatment, acupuncture treatment, traditional Chinese medicine in combination with western medicine treatment, and acupuncture in combination with western medicine treatment). CAM treatment could significantly reduce the endometrial thickness in PCOS patients compared to western medicine alone (SMD −0.88, 95% CI [−0.12, −0.57]; I2 = 64%). Compared with clomiphene treatment for the induction of ovulation, CAM treatment showed a clear improvement in endometrial thickness during ovulation (SMD 2.03, 95% CI [1.64, 2.02]; I2 = 48%). Moreover, CAM was more effective than western medicine alone in reducing the endometrial spiral artery pulsatility index. No significant difference was seen between CAM and traditional treatment when these were used to improve traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores. Acupuncture alone or traditional Chinese medicines (taken orally) in combination with western medicine significantly increased the pregnancy rate of PCOS patients (RR 1.59, 95% CI [1.30, 1.93]; I2 = 51%, ), and CAM was more effective than western medicine alone for improving hormone levels. No serious adverse events were reported in 11 of the 13 trials. Conclusions. CAM may effectively ameliorate the endometrial condition of PCOS patients, and it can regulate the level of hormone secretion to increase the ovulation rate and the pregnancy rate.
Objective
To investigate the correlation between the expression of four mismatch repair proteins and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer in elderly patients.
Methods
The expression of four mismatch repair proteins, MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6, in 85 specimens from elderly patients with colorectal cancer, who were treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2012 to December 2016, was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.The correlation between the expression of these mismatch repair proteins and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer was also analyzed.
Results
Of the 85 clinical specimens, 76 showed positive expression of the mismatch repair proteins, yielding a positivity rate of 89.4% and a negative rate of 10.6%(9 cases). The negative expression rates of MLHl, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 were 7.1%(6 cases), 7.1%(6 cases), 3.5%(3 cases)and 1.4%(2 cases), respectively.In addition, 4 cases(4.7%)had negative expression of MLHl and PMS2, 1 case(1.2%)had negative expression of MSH2 and MSH6, and 1 case(1.2%)had negative expression of all four-proteins.Furthermore, univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses showed that negative expression rates of the mismatch repair proteins were closely associated with tumor size, tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer(all P<0.05).
Conclusions
Concurrent negative expression of MLHl and PMS2 and of MSH2 and MSH6 can be seen in colorectal cancer.Negative expression of mismatch repair proteins is closely related to clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer in elderly patients.
Key words:
Colorectal neoplasms; DNA mismatch repair
To explore the applicable value of ultrasound guidance in percutaneous renal biopsy.168 patients with kidney diseases underwent ultrasound-guided renal biopsy. Pathological examination was conducted. Predictors of successful rate were assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Successful biopsy was achieved in 157 of the 168 patients with a success rate of 93.45%. Satisfying results were obtained from 143 of the 157 samples and normal renal tissues were reported in 14 samples. No serious adverse events were observed in this study. The successful biopsy rate of female patients was 89.16%, significantly lower than that of the male patients (97.65%, P < 0.05). Age, puncture times, thickness of renal cortex, and type of clinical diagnosis were not significantly correlated with the successful rate of biopsy.Ultrasound-guided renal biopsy is a kind of safe diagnostic method for kidney disease. The successful rate of renal biopsy in females is lower than that in males.
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas belongs to one of the most species-rich but genomically poorly explored phyla, the Mollusca. Here we report the sequencing and assembly of the oyster genome using short reads and a fosmid-pooling strategy, along with transcriptomes of development and stress response and the proteome of the shell. The oyster genome is highly polymorphic and rich in repetitive sequences, with some transposable elements still actively shaping variation. Transcriptome studies reveal an extensive set of genes responding to environmental stress. The expansion of genes coding for heat shock protein 70 and inhibitors of apoptosis is probably central to the oyster's adaptation to sessile life in the highly stressful intertidal zone. Our analyses also show that shell formation in molluscs is more complex than currently understood and involves extensive participation of cells and their exosomes. The oyster genome sequence fills a void in our understanding of the Lophotrochozoa. The sequencing and assembly of the highly polymorphic oyster genome through a combination of short reads and fosmid pooling, complemented with extensive transcriptome analysis of development and stress response and proteome analysis of the shell, provides new insight into oyster biology and adaptation to a highly changeable environment. Oysters are keystone species in estuarine ecology and among the most important aquaculture species worldwide. The sequencing and assembly of the genome of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, are now reported. Comparisons with other genomes reveal an expansion of defence genes as an adaptation to life as a sessile species in the intertidal zone, a surprisingly complex pathway for shell formation and dramatic evolution of genes related to larval development, highlighting their adaptive significance for marine invertebrates.
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