Value-Driven Design enables rational decisions to be made in terms of the optimum business and technical solution at every level of engineering design by employing economics in decision making. In order to maximize the business profitability, we propose to bridge bidirectional value driven design between economic planning and technology implementation on the basis of the data graph, information graph and knowledge graph. We use data graph, information graph and knowledge graph to analyze problems that have negative impact on activities of software development including requirement analysis, summary design and detail design. We propose to improve system reliability and robustness by managing data and information reuse, redundancy as well as structure.
Knowledge graphs have been widely adopted, in large part owing to their schema-less nature. It enables knowledge graphs to grow seamlessly and allows for new relationships and entities as needed. Knowledge graph has become a powerful tool to represent knowledge in the form of a labelled directed graph and to give semantics to textual information. A knowledge graph is a graph constructed by representing each item, entity and user as nodes, and linking those nodes that interact with each other via edges. Knowledge graph has abundant natural semantics and can contain various and more complete information. Its expression mechanism is close to natural language. However, we still lack a unified definition and standard expression form of knowledge graph. We propose to clarify the expression of knowledge graph as a whole. We clarify the architecture of knowledge graph from data, information, knowledge, and wisdom aspects respectively. We also propose to specify knowledge graph in a progressive manner as four basic forms including data graph, information graph, knowledge graph and wisdom graph.
Web service is a popular solution to integrate components when building a software system, or to allow communication between a system and third-party users, providing a flexible and reusable mechanism to access its functionalities. Scientists have been proposing numerous models for defining anything 'as a service (aaS)', including discussions of products, processes, data and information management, and security as a service. Various web service-based systems are prevailing in health service, personalised recommendation provision. We propose a framework towards constructing and searching typed resources in terms of data, information and knowledge through a hierarchy composing data graph, information graph and knowledge graph in order to improve performance in accessing and processing resources. We use cases to illustrate the mechanism of the framework.
To provide guidance to and integrate directly with the information technology side implementation to achieve coherent data, information, and knowledge coordination and robust value-oriented adaptability for maximization of business profitability, we propose to leverage the ideology of service economics to achieve bidirectional computational bridging between business planning and technical implementation of ubiquitous services/XaaS in the application program interface economy for promoting the macro-service market, especially in global value chains. Enlightened by value-driven design, we propose a systemic formalization from value calculation to design quality measurement which binds the technical modification and variation on design artifacts with business value strategy through a framework of managed quality properties in a wireless sensor network–based service system creation process. In the process of building a service system, we use data, information, and knowledge flow to abstract various data, information, and knowledge manipulation and usage scenarios. We propose to improve system reliability and robustness by managing data and information reuse, redundancy as well as structure.
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