Due to the limited effectiveness of pharmacological treatment, there is a growing need to explore non-pharmacological psychosocial interventions such as music therapy when treating the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). We randomised 57 nursing home residents into individual active music therapy plus standard care (aMT), individual receptive music therapy with tactile sound vibration plus standard care (rMT), or the standard care control group (CG). A trained music therapist provided 12 sessions over 6 weeks. The outcomes (BPSD; depression; quality of life; medical system usage; activities of daily living; music therapy engagement) were measured at baseline (0 week), post-intervention (6 weeks), and follow-up (12 weeks). The results indicated small beneficial effects for BPSD in aMT and rMT at follow-up, a small beneficial effect for total musical engagement in aMT and rMT, a small negative effect for verbal communication in rMT, and a small beneficial effect for medical usage in the CG. Both aMT and rMT methods showed promise for managing BPSD and increasing engagement during music therapy. rMT may be more suited for advanced stages of dementia. Future studies should evaluate the appropriateness and effectiveness of each intervention according to disease severity.
Purpose This study aims to first explore the extent to which argumentativeness changed during the adaptation process among Muslim immigrants to France from 2006 to 2015 and, second, to examine the cultural fusion process. The study investigates the influence of intercultural contact on communication traits by exploring the extent to which members of the dominant cultural group adapt their argumentativeness over time. Design/methodology/approach Through a longitudinal panel study, the paper investigates the influence of intercultural contact on communication traits by exploring the extent to which members of the dominant cultural group adapt their argumentativeness over time. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling are used to assess the hypotheses and research question. Findings Results revealed a curvilinear relationship between argumentativeness and time. Argumentativeness increased from 2006 to 2009, remained constant from 2009 to 2012 and then decreased after 2012. Furthermore, data analysis revealed argumentativeness levels among members of the dominant culture did not change. Research limitations/implications The results are potentially limited by the sample being a convenience sample and the presence of extenuating factors. Originality/value Argumentativeness is viewed by many researchers as a functional form of communication. However, few studies have longitudinally studied how this trait can change over time.
Purpose To study the use of Vibroacoustic treatment and an added self-care intervention for improving the functioning and ability to work of patients with chronic pain and potential comorbid depressive and anxious symptoms.Materials and methods A mixed methods study with four single cases. Participants received bi-weekly Vibroacoustic practitioner-led treatment sessions for five weeks, followed by a one-month washout period without treatments. Then, participants conducted four self-care vibroacoustic sessions per week for five weeks, followed by another month-long washout period. Participants kept diaries of their experiences during this time. Quantitative scales included the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, Visual Analogue Scales (pain, mood, relaxation, anxiety, and ability to work), Beck's Depression Inventory-II, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Anxiety only). The use of physiological markers was also explored.Results The greatest improvement was from the practitioner-led sessions, but self-care was beneficial for pain relief and relaxation. Participants became more aware of sensations in their own bodies, and during washout periods noticed more clearly the treatment effects when symptoms returned. An added self-care phase to standard Vibroacoustic treatment could be beneficial for maintaining the effects from the more intensive Vibroacoustic treatment as part of multidisciplinary rehabilitation.Implications for rehabilitationChronic pain and comorbid mood disorders negatively impact functioning and ability to work.Vibroacoustic treatment with a self-care phase could be beneficial for managing the symptoms of chronic pain if implemented within a naturalistic multidisciplinary rehabilitation context.In four single cases, this study shows functioning, pain, and depression improved after Vibroacoustic treatment with self-care.
Much of what we know about vibroacoustic treatment and its efficacy has been published in case reports. Recent clinical trials have increased awareness and understanding of this treatment for people with Parkinson’s disease or Fibromyalgia Syndrome. There are no standardized protocols for using vibroacoustic treatment although research has focused on using 40Hz. The rehabilitation unit of [blinded] Central Hospital in [blinded] has used vibroacoustic treatment for more than two decades as part of specialized healthcare in the [blinded] healthcare district. Patient responses have been recorded using Visual Analog Scales showing positive outcomes on several measures including pain and mood. This paper describes vibroacoustic treatment used within this unit, focusing on pain and mood outcomes reported in subjective patient evaluations and comments.
Background Low frequency sound (LFS, combined with music listening) is applied by practitioners in vibroacoustic therapy who report a positive effect of this intervention on acute stress response. However, there is a lack of research on this topic and studies with mainly objective measurements are scarce. Materials and methods In this pilot double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial we used a multimodal approach to measurement of acute stress response in 54 international university students attending a university summer school in Olomouc, the Czech Republic who were individually randomized into a group receiving LFS vibration and a control group. In both groups, the acute stress response was measured by heart rate variability (HRV), visual analogue scales (VAS) for stress and muscle relaxation. Results Differences were found in pre-test post-test measures, however, between groups differences occurred only for HRV, with statistically significant improvement in the experimental group (parameter LF/HF and pNN50). Conclusion Vibroacoustic therapy has the potential to contribute to the stress management of university students. Further research is needed to explore the effect of LFS on stress response, especially when applied without additional music listening.
Introduction Systematic reviews have shown the effectiveness of music in reducing the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Effects of active (i.e. singing) compared to receptive (including vibroacoustic therapy) individual music therapy methods for specific BPSD/dementia sub-types are unclear, for example, that receptive methods (i.e. vibroacoustic therapy) increase parasympathetic responses and active music therapy improves cognitive and emotional functioning.Method A three-armed pragmatic randomised controlled trial will be conducted with German care home residents with dementia. Residents (N = 75) randomly assigned to the two intervention groups (individual active music therapy or individual vibroacoustic therapy) will receive two sessions/week for six weeks plus standard care. The control group will receive only standard care during data collection. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Nursing Home will assess BPSD; secondary outcomes include depression, quality of life, activities of daily living, health economy and musical engagement. Outcomes are measured at baseline, post-intervention (6 weeks), and 12-weeks post randomisation. MMSE is used as a screening measure. We hypothesise that individual active music therapy and individual vibroacoustic therapy will reduce BPSD significantly more than standard care. Secondary hypo-theses are increased quality of life and musical engagement and decreased depressivity and health resource usage.Discussion A greater relaxation response is expected in the receptive arm due to the massage-like vibration. Increased cognitive clarity and reduced depression are expected in the active arm. The trial is registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00023233).
This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book presents the prospective international landscape of migrants' and refugees' rights and protection. It addresses the pragmatic programs and solutions devised by the European Union. The book explores the politics surrounding the category of "forced migration" identified by the United Nations as Internally Displaced Persons. It describes the institutes of political asylum and refuge in Latin America to showcase the peculiarities of each one, as well as the zones of intersection between them. The book describes both institutes, then presents the regional aspects of refugee status in Latin America, and turns to the contributions of the Cartagena Declaration and its revisional process and the Inter-American human rights system, which highlights the region's human rights approach towards refugees and political asylees. It argues that cultural fusion theory is an alternative to assimilationist theories.
Vibroacoustic therapy (VAT) uses low-frequency sound, often combined with listening to music, for therapeutic purposes. However, the impact of low-frequency vibration (LFV) on physiological functions and subjective perception is relatively unknown.We conducted a randomized cross-over study with the aim of comparing the effect of constant LFV of 40 Hz, its amplitude modulation, and the placebo condition on heart rate variability (HRV), stress perception (measured by visual analogue scales for stress) and mood (measured by UWIST Mood Adjective Check List).Research experiments with various interventions (constant LFV with sound of nature (river in forest), amplitude modulation of the same LFV with sounds of nature and sounds of nature without LFV) were realised involving 24 participants. It was found there was an effect on HRV, stress perception and mood after the interventions. However, there were only seldomly experienced, and mostly nonsignificant, differences between the intervention conditions, so the effects may be attributed to factors other than LFV.Large scale experimental studies are needed to verify the preliminary findings and to explore various coinciding factors that may have influenced the results of this study, e.g., type of autonomic nervous system. We propose that the effect of LFV exposure may differ when combined with listening to music, and this hypothesis should be investigated in future studies.
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