Achieving an early molecular response (EMR) is crucial for improving the prognosis of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Halving time (HT) and reduction ratio (RR) of BCR::ABL1 transcript levels have recently emerged as additional prognostic indexes to BCR::ABL1 International Scale (IS). We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of BCR::ABL1 transcript levels, HT and RR on molecular response kinetics at 3 months in patients with newly diagnosed chronic phase (CP)-CML.Forty patients with CP-CML who received first-line imatinib treatment were included in this study. BCR::ABL1 transcript levels and molecular responses at baseline, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of treatment were evaluated retrospectively. Major molecular response(MMR) at 12 months and event-free survival (EFS) were determined as primary endpoints and the effects of treatment kinetics on these parameters were examined.Of the 40 patients, BCR::ABL1 IS was ≤10% at 3 months (EMR) in 72.5%. The event occurrence was 45.5% in patients with BCR::ABL1 IS>10%, whereas 6.9% in those with ≤10% (p=0.004). MMR was detected in 62.1% of the patients with EMR and in 9.1% of those without EMR (p=0.003). The cut-off value for achieving MMR was 24 days for HT and 0.04 for RR. Deep molecular response (DMR) at 24 months was associated with HT≤24 days and RR≤0.04. EFS was found to be significantly better in the group with BCR::ABL1 IS≤10% and HT≤24 days (p=0.001) and in the group with BCR::ABL1 IS ≤10% and RR≤0.04 (p=0.007) than the other groups.Our findings revealed that MMR could be predicted via EMR as well as by HT and RR. Also, HT≤24 days and RR≤0.04 were more important than BCR::ABL1 IS≤10% in achieving DMR at 24 months, and the combination of BCR::ABL1 IS≤10% with both HT≤24 days and RR≤0.04 has the best predictive value for EFS.
Importance Cancer was a common noncommunicable disease in Syria before the present conflict and is now a major disease burden among 3.6 million Syrian refugees in Turkey. Data to inform health care practice are needed. Objective To explore sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of Syrian patients with cancer residing in the southern border provinces of Turkey hosting more than 50% of refugees. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a retrospective hospital-based cross-sectional study. The study sample consisted of all adult and children Syrian refugees diagnosed and/or treated for cancer between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2020, in hematology-oncology departments of 8 university hospitals in the Southern province of Turkey. Data were analyzed from May 1, 2022, to September 30, 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures Demographic characteristics (date of birth, sex, and residence), date of first cancer-related symptom, date and place of diagnosis, disease status at first presentation, treatment modalities, date and status at last hospital visit, and date of death. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision and International Classification of Childhood Cancers, Third Edition , were used for the classification of cancer. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results system was applied for staging. The diagnostic interval was defined as the number of days from first symptoms until the diagnosis. Treatment abandonment was documented if the patient did not attend the clinic within 4 weeks of a prescribed appointment throughout the treatment. Results A total of 1114 Syrian adult and 421 Syrian children with cancer were included. The median age at diagnosis was 48.2 (IQR, 34.2-59.4) years for adults and 5.7 (IQR, 3.1-10.7) years for children. The median diagnostic interval was 66 (IQR, 26.5-114.3) days for adults and 28 (IQR, 14.0-69.0) days for children. Breast cancer (154 [13.8%]), leukemia and multiple myeloma (147 [13.2%]), and lymphoma (141 [12.7%]) were common among adults, and leukemias (180 [42.8%]), lymphomas (66 [15.7%]), and central nervous system neoplasms (40 [9.5%]) were common among children. The median follow-up time was 37.5 (IQR, 32.6-42.3) months for adults and 25.4 (IQR, 20.9-29.9) months for children. The 5-year survival rate was 17.5% in adults and 29.7% in children. Conclusions and Relevance Despite universal health coverage and investment in the health care system, low survival rates were reported in this study for both adults and children with cancer. These findings suggest that cancer care in refugees requires novel planning within national cancer control programs with global cooperation.
Background The scoring system used for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cannot make an accurate diagnosis in some cases. Novel markers are available for the differential diagnosis of CLL, especially from MCL. However, these markers are still not incorporated into diagnostic algorithms. We investigated the role of CD43, CD81, CD200, and ROR1 in the differential diagnosis of CLL and their expression in non-CLL cases. Methods We investigated the role of CD43, CD81, CD20, and ROR1 in the differential diagnosis of CLL by incorporating them into the diagnostic panel after studying peripheral blood or bone marrow samples of 165 patients with 8-color flow cytometry. Results CD43 positivity was a sensitive marker but had a lower specificity for CLL. CD43 had high diagnostic value for CLL (sensitivity 100%, specificity 88.5%, AUC 98.0%). CD200 was a specific marker for CLL (sensitivity 98%, specificity 90%, AUC: 96%). CD81 expression was highest in the MCL cases, with a median expression rate of 68.5% (range: 54 - 82.5%). It was negative in all the CLL cases. For CLL, CD81 negativity had a sensitivity of 95%, a specificity of 82% and an AUC of 92%. ROR1 was positive in all CLL and MCL cases. CD79b, on the other hand, was a fairly sensitive and specific marker for MCL. Conclusions CD43, CD81, CD200, and ROR1 should be incorporated into diagnostic algorithms for the differential diagnosis of CLL, especially from MCL.
Achieving an early molecular response (EMR) is crucial for improving the prognosis of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The halving time (HT) and reduction ratio (RR) of BCR::ABL1 transcript levels have recently emerged as additional prognostic indexes besides the BCR::ABL1 International Scale (IS). We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of BCR::ABL1 transcript levels, HT, and RR on molecular response kinetics at 3 months in patients with newly diagnosed chronic-phase (CP)-CML.Forty patients with CP-CML who received first-line imatinib treatment were included in this study. BCR::ABL1 transcript levels and molecular responses at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of treatment were evaluated retrospectively. Major molecular response (MMR) at 12 months and event-free survival (EFS) were determined as primary endpoints and the effects of treatment kinetics on these parameters were examined.Of the 40 patients, BCR::ABL1 IS was ≤10% at 3 months in 72.5%, representing EMR. The rate of event occurrence was 45.5% in patients with BCR::ABL1 IS of >10%, whereas it was 6.9% in those with BCR::ABL1 IS of ≤10% (p=0.004). MMR was detected in 62.1% of the patients with EMR and in 9.1% of those without EMR (p=0.003). The cut-off value for achieving MMR was 24 days for HT and 0.04 for RR. Deep molecular response (DMR) at 24 months was associated with HT of ≤24 days and RR of ≤0.04. EFS was found to be significantly better in the group with BCR::ABL1 IS of ≤10% and HT of ≤24 days (p=0.001) and in the group with BCR::ABL1 IS of ≤10% and RR of ≤0.04 (p=0.007) compared to others.Our findings revealed that MMR could be predicted via EMR as well as by HT and RR. Additionally, HT of ≤24 days and RR of ≤0.04 were more important than BCR::ABL1 IS of ≤10% in achieving DMR at 24 months, and the combination of BCR::ABL1 IS of ≤10% with both HT of ≤24 days and RR of ≤0.04 has the best predictive value for EFS.Kronik myeloid lösemili (KML) hastaların prognozunu iyileştirmek için erken moleküler yanıtın (EMR) elde edilmesi çok önemlidir. Son zamanlarda BCR::ABL1 IS değerinin yanı sıra yarılanma zamanı (HT) ve azalma oranı (RR) gibi kavramlar ek prognostik göstergeler olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada yeni tanı kronik faz (KF)-KML hastalarında 3 ayda BCR::ABL1 IS transkript düzeyi, HT ve RR ile moleküler yanıt kinetiklerinin prognostik rolünü araştırmayı amaçladık.Birinci basamak imatinib tedavisi alan KF-KML’li kırk hasta bu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bazal, 3, 6, 12 ve 24 aylardaki BCR::ABL1 transkript seviyeleri ve moleküler yanıtlar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. On ikinci ay majör moleküler yanıt (MMR) ve olaysız sağkalım (EFS) sonlanım noktaları olarak belirlendi ve bu parametreler üzerindeki tedavi kinetiklerinin etkileri incelendi.Kırk KF-KML hastasının %72,5’inde 3. ayda BCR::ABL1 IS ≤ %10’du (EMR). Üçüncü ayda BCR::ABL1 IS>%10 olanların %45,5 inde olay varken, ≤%10 olanların %6,9’u olaya sahipti (p=0,004). EMR elde edilen hastaların %62,1’inde, elde edilemeyenlerin %9,1’inde MMR saptandı (p=0,003). Bu çalışmada MMR sağlanmasında eşik değeri HT için 24 gün ve RR için 0,04 olarak saptandı. Yirmi dördüncü ay derin moleküler yanıt (DMR), HT ≤24 gün ve RR ≤0,04 olmasıyla ilişkiliydi. BCR::ABL1 IS ≤%10 ve HT ≤24 gün olan grupta (p=0,001) ve BCR::ABL1 IS ≤%10 ve RR ≤0,04 olan grupta (p=0,007) diğer gruplara göre EFS belirgin olarak daha iyi bulundu.Bulgularımız, MMR’nin, EMR’nin yanı sıra HT ve RR ile de tahmin edilebileceğini gösterdi. Ayrıca, HT ≤24 gün ve RR ≤0,04 olması 24. ay DMR elde edilmesinde BCR::ABL1 IS ≤%10 olmasından daha önemliydi ve BCR::ABL1 IS ≤%10 olmasının hem HT ≤24 gün hem de RR ≤0,04 ile kombinasyonu, EFS için en iyi belirleyici değere sahipti.
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, kemik iliğindeki (Kİ) blast oranı >%30 olan olguları da içeren akut miyeloid lösemili (AML) yaşlı hastalarda, azasitidinin (AZA) etkinliğinin ve güvenliğinin araştırılmasını amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu geriye dönük, çok merkezli çalışmaya, yoğun kemoterapi için uygun olmayan ya da konvansiyonel tedavilere rağmen hastalığı ilerleyen ≥60 yaştaki 130
Background. Insulin resistance was an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in uremic patients without diabetes. Rosiglitazone (ROS) improves insulin sensitivity in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. We prospectively investigated the effects of ROS on cardiac functions by standard (SDE) and tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDI) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods. A total of 24 CAPD patients (13 males, 11 females; mean age 42.2 ± 14.8 years) were included. Routine blood samples were examined. Left and right ventricular functions were assessed, and myocardial performance index (MPI) was calculated by SDE and TDI at baseline and after 12-month ROS therapy. Left and right atrial volumes were measured and indexed to body surface area. Results. When compared with baseline, after 12 months of ROS treatment, it was shown that early (E) and late (A) diastolic velocities of atrioventricular valves, E/A ratio, mitral E-wave deceleration time (DT), isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), and MPI were similar (p > 0.05). Also, no significant changes were detected in LV dimensions, LV mass index, LVEF, LA volume index, or RA volume index measured by SDE before and after ROS therapy (p > 0.05). Left and right ventricular function parameters measured by TDI including Sm, Em, Am, Em/Am ratio, E/Em ratio, and MPI were similar. Conclusion. It was found that there was no negative effect of long-term ROS therapy on cardiac functions measured by SDE and TDI in CAPD patients.
Methotrexate (MTX) is an antiproliferative folic acid antagonist used in the treatment of various malignancies and chronic inflammatory diseases. Commonly observed side effects in patients receiving lowdose, weekly MTX treatment are nausea and stomatitis. Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a condition generally induced by infectious agents, exposure to cold, insect bites, foods, and drugs. In this paper, we presented together with a review of the literature a case of HSP that developed in the third week of treatment of a 14-year-old male patient started on low-dose methotrexate for juvenile idiopathic arthritis.