A. A. Szogi

Agricultural Research Service

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Reduction of Malodorous Compounds from Liquid Swine Manure by a Multi-Stage Treatment System

Applied Engineering in Agriculture (2006)

John H. Loughrin A. A. Szogi Matías B. Vanotti

A full-scale swine wastewater treatment system was designed and implemented to replace anaerobic lagoon treatment systems with a three-stage process of solids separation, biological nitrogen (N) removal, and phosphorus recovery. Our study had the objectives of evaluating both the system's efficiency for odor control and water quality parameters that better indicate odor reduction. This report presents data on the concentration in liquid of six selected malodorous compounds (phenol, p-cresol, p-ethylphenol, p-propylphenol, indole, and skatole) and 15 water quality parameters measured at the three successive stages of the treatment process. Solid phase extraction of odor compounds showed that the concentrations of malodorous compounds were reduced by almost 98% in the treated effluent as compared to untreated raw flushed manure. The majority of this odor reduction occurred during biological N treatment. No single water quality parameter served as the sole indicator for the levels of all six odor compounds that we measured in wastewater. Except for phenol, the levels of ammonia N and electrical conductivity (EC) measurements were highly correlated with reduction of individual malodorous compounds in wastewater. Seven out of 15 parameters measured (soluble COD, soluble BOD, TKN, ammonia-N, nitrate-N, alkalinity, and EC) were found to be highly related to reduction of total measured malodorous compounds. These results suggest that selected water quality parameters in swine wastewater could assist to evaluate odor control measures when no sensory analysis or appropriate analytical equipment is available. They also indicate that treatment systems incorporating biological N removal can greatly reduce malodorous compounds in liquid swine manure.

Alkalinity

Biofilter

Kjeldahl method

Skatole

10.13031/2013.22258

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Citations (17)

Swine wastewater treatment by media filtration

Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B (1997)

A. A. Szogi F. J. Humenik Joann Rice P. G. Hunt

A media filter was constructed to treat swine wastewater after anaerobic lagoon treatment. The media filter consisted of a tank (1.5-m-diameter x 0.6-m-height) filled with marl gravel. The marl gravel had a carbonate content of 300 g kg-1. Gravel particle size distributions were 85 and 14% in the 4.7- to 12.7-mm and 12.7- to 19-mm size classes, respectively. Pore space of the filtration unit was 57%. Wastewater flow rate was 606 L m-2 d-1, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) load was 198 g m-2 d-1. The media filter removed 54% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) content after one cycle, but increased cycling did not produce additional COD reduction. Total suspended solids (TSS) removal after one cycle was 50% of initial levels, and additional cycling reduced TSS levels at a much lower rate of 7% per cycle. Removal efficiencies for total phosphorus (TP) ranged from 37% to 52% (one to four cycles), but long-term phosphorus removal would be limited by the sorption capacity of the gravel. Up to 24% of TKN was converted to nitrate-plus-nitrite-N (NO3+NO2-N). Effluents with high NO3+NO2-N levels can be treated further for denitrification with constructed wetlands or anaerobic lagoon. This is important in cases where land is limited for wastewater application.

Kjeldahl method

Filtration (mathematics)

Total suspended solids

Cycling

10.1080/03601239709373115

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Citations (27)

OPERATIONAL COMPONENTS AND DESIGN OF CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS USED FOR TREATMENT OF SWINE WASTEWATER

P. G. Hunt M. E. Poach A. A. Szogi G. B. Reddy K. C. Stone

Constructed wetlands are a natural and passive treatment method for swine wastewaters. Wehave investigated swine lagoon wastewater treatment in both continuous marsh and marsh-pondmarsh(MPM) type constructed wetlands for their N and P treatment efficiency, ammoniavolatilization, denitrification, and treatment system design. Neither type of wetland system waseffective in the removing large quantities of P. Continuous marsh systems were able to removemore N than the MPM systems, particularly if planted to rushes/bulrushes (Juncus effusus,Scirpus validus, Scirpus americanus, Scirpus cyperinus). Plant and soil accumulations of N andP were important at very low loading rates; but as the loading rates exceeded 5 kg ha-1day-1, Theybecame a small part of the removal process. Although, ammonia volatilization was present; itwas generally <10% of the applied N in the marsh sections, and it was highly correlated tonitrogen concentration. However, the pond sections of the MPM systems had high levels ofammonia volatilization when loading rates exceeded 15 kg N ha-1 day-1. Water depth had a largeimpact on denitrification, as did the plant cover. Treatment efficiency was reasonably predictedby current modeling techniques used for municipal wastewater treatment in constructedwetlands.

Scirpus

Volatilisation

Juncus

10.13031/2013.15242

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Citations (0)

Denitrification Enzyme Activity in Swine Wastewater Effluent of a Nitrification/Denitrification Treatment System

Transactions of the ASABE (2012)

P. G. Hunt T. A. Matheny Matías B. Vanotti K. C. Stone A. A. Szogi

Intensification of swine production in the U.S. and around the world requires advanced manure management. For swine manure management in the state of North Carolina, one system met all of the required advanced management criteria, and it was qualified as an environmentally superior technology. This investigation was part of the testing for this superior technology. The objectives of this investigation were to assess: (1) the denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) in the treatment systems homogenization tank and denitrification tank, and (2) the impact of the wastewater characteristics on this DEA. The DEA was measured by the acetylene inhibition method. Wastewater in the homogenization tank was fresh-flushed directly from the swine houses. Consequently, it was more concentrated than wastewaters in either the denitrification tank or typical swine wastewater lagoons; it had soluble biochemical oxygen demand (sBOD) of 676 mg L-1 and an electrical conductivity (EC) of 8.9 mS cm-1. However, the DEA in the homogenization tank was significantly limited by the low level of NO3-N, which was 0.1 mg L-1. Conversely, the DEA of the denitrification tank was limited by its lower level of carbon; it had only 53 mg L-1 sBOD. However, it had a NO3-N concentration of 150 mg L-1. When non-limiting glucose-C and NO3-N were added to the wastewaters of the homogenization and denitrification tanks, the homogenization tank had a significantly higher level of potential DEA: 17,943 vs. 10,055 mg N2O-N m-3 d-1, respectively. The DEA was generally well correlated by stepwise regression to the measured physiochemical characteristics. The findings of this investigation document that the DEA within this treated swine wastewater can be altered by manageable constituents of the processed swine wastewater, in particular soluble carbon and oxidized nitrogen.

Homogenization

Manure management

10.13031/2013.41265

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Citations (1)