Abstract Background The association of circulating inflammation markers with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is still largely unclear. This study aimed to comprehensively explore the relationship between circulating cytokine levels and the subsequent risk of NPC with a two‐stage epidemiologic study in southern China. Methods The serum levels of 33 inflammatory cytokines were first measured in a hospital‐based case–control study (150 NPC patients and 150 controls) using multiplex assay platforms. Marker levels were categorized into two or more groups based on the proportion of sample measurements that was above the lower limit of detection. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) relating the serum marker concentration to the risk of NPC were computed by multivariable logistic regression models. The associations were validated in 60 patients with NPC and 120 controls in a subsequent nested case–control study within a NPC screening trial. Potential interactions between serum cytokines and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) relating to the risk of NPC were assessed using a likelihood ratio test. Results The levels of serum macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)‐1α and MIP‐1β in the highest categories were associated with a decreased risk of NPC in both the case–control study (MIP‐1α: OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.26–0.95; MIP‐1β: OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.22–1.00) and the nested case–control study (MIP‐1α: OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.03–0.62; MIP‐1β: OR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.04–0.94), compared with those in the lowest categories. Furthermore, individuals with lower levels of these two cytokine markers who were EBV seropositive presented with a largely higher risk of NPC compared with patients with higher levels who were EBV seronegative in both the case–control study (MIP‐1α: OR = 16.28, 95% CI = 7.11–37.23; MIP‐1β: OR = 12.86, 95% CI = 5.9–28.05) and the nested case–control study (MIP‐1α: OR = 86.12, 95% CI = 10.58–701.03; MIP‐1β: OR = 115.44, 95% CI = 13.92–957.73). Conclusions Decreased preclinical MIP‐1α and MIP‐1β levels might be associated with a subsequently increased risk of NPC. More mechanistic studies are required to fully understand this finding.
The study aimed to ascertain whether a diagnostic strategy combining D-dimer with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could improve the discriminative performance for aortic dissection (AD).Baseline levels of D-dimer and NLR were measured in patients suspected of AD. The diagnostic performance and clinical usefulness of D-dimer, NLR, and their combination were assessed and compared using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis, logistic regression analysis, net reclassification improvement (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and decision curve analysis (DCA).The levels of D-dimer and NLR were both significantly higher in AD patients. The combined use displayed good discriminatory performance with an area under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.869, which was preferable to that of D-dimer. Although no meaningful improvement was found in the AUC by comparison with NLR alone, the combined use could significantly improve the discrimination power with a continuous NRI of 60.0% and an IDI of 4.9%. DCA demonstrated that the net benefit of the combined use was preferred over that of either single test.The combined use of D-dimer and NLR could improve the discriminatory efficiency for AD with the potential in clinical application. This study may provide a novel diagnostic strategy for AD. More studies need to be done to confirm the findings of this study.
Objective: To prcbing ways of application and effects of different types of magnetic attachments (MA)in clinical prosthesis. Methods: Treating 32 patients who hade lost teeth worth Magfit Ex600,denture individually, compared the reaction of patients and clinical results. Results:The masticatory efficency of MA was better than denture. Conclusion: Application Magfit attachments fits the biomechamical principles. It can improve the retention, masticatory efficency comparing to traditional denture.
Abstract Background The association between kidney function (KF) and dementia risk and the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. We aimed to examine the association of impaired KF with dementia and structural brain differences on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Method Within the UK biobank, 191,970 dementia‐free participants aged ≥60 (mean age: 64.1 ± 2.9 years) were followed for 16 years to detect incident dementia. Serum creatinine and cystatin C were measured at baseline to calculate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. KF was categorized as normal (eGFR ≥ 90), mildly impaired (60 £ eGFR < 90), or moderately to severely impaired (eGFR < 60). Dementia was assessed based on self‐reported medical history and medical records. During the follow‐up, a subsample of 12,637 participants underwent brain MRI scans. Volumes of total brain, gray matter, white matter, hippocampus, and white matter hyperintensities were assessed. Data were analyzed using Cox regression, Laplace regression, and linear regression. Result Of all participants, 122,463 (63.8%) had mildly impaired KF and 8,670 (4.5%) had moderate to severely impaired KF at baseline. Over the follow‐up (median [interquartile range]: 12.8 [11.9‐13.5] years), 5,327 (2.8%) participants developed dementia. In multi‐adjusted Cox regression, eGFR was dose‐dependently associated with dementia (per 1‐standard‐deviation decrease in eGFR; hazard ratio [HR] 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10 [1.07‐1.14]). Compared to normal KF, there was an increased risk of dementia with moderate to severely impaired KF (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.32‐1.76) but not mildly impaired KF. In Laplace regression, dementia onset among people with moderate to severely impaired KF occurred 1.53 (95% CI: 0.98–2.08) years earlier than those with normal KF. Moderate to severely impaired KF was related to significantly lower gray matter volume (β = ‐0.11, 95% CI: ‐0.19– ‐0.03), but not to other brain MRI measures. Conclusion Impaired KF is associated with about 50% increased risk of dementia and anticipates dementia onset by more than 1.5 years. Brain neurodegeneration may underlie the KF‐dementia association.
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