Capacity demands and Traffic Engineering (TE) requirements are expected to grow rapidly, and become increasingly challenging. We propose a hybrid approach that combines the benefits of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) solutions of a holistic network view to compute TE paths and resource allocation, with the benefits of distributed routing solutions featuring fast network reactions. TE paths and resource allocations are computed by a controller, then communicated using a link-state routing protocol.
MPLS-SPRING is an MPLS-based source routing paradigm in which a sender
of a packet is allowed to partially or completely specify the route
the packet takes through the network by imposing stacked MPLS labels
to the packet. To facilitate the incremental deployment of this new
technology, this document describes a mechanism which allows the
outermost LSP be replaced by an IP-based tunnel.
This document specifies Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) network
architecture to support multicast transport. It describes the
architecture components and the algorithms to automatically build a
distribution tree for transporting multicast traffic and provides a
method of pruning that tree for improved efficiency.
This document defines a way for an Intermediate System to Intermediate
System (IS-IS) router to advertise multiple types of supported Maximum
SID Depths (MSDs) at node and/or link granularity. Such advertisements
allow entities (e.g., centralized controllers) to determine whether a
particular SID (Segment ID) stack can be supported in a given network.
This document only defines one type of MSD (Base MPLS Imposition), but
defines an encoding that can support other MSD types. This document
focuses on MSD use in a Segment Routing enabled network, but MSD may
also be useful when Segment Routing is not enabled.
This document specifies a framework and mapping from slices in 5G
mobile systems to transport slices in IP and Layer 2 transport
networks. Slices in 5G systems are characterized by latency bounds,
reservation guarantees, jitter, data rates, availability, mobility
speed, usage density, criticality and priority. These characteristics
should be mapped to the transport network slice characteristics that
include bandwidth, latency and criteria such as isolation,
directionality and disjoint routes. Mobile slice criteria need to be
mapped to the appropriate transport slice and capabilities offered in
backhaul, midhaul and fronthaul connectivity segments between radio
side network functions and user plane function (gateway). This
document describes how mobile network functions map its slice criteria
to identifiers in IP packets that transport network segments use to
grant transport layer services during UE mobility scenarios.
Applicability of this framework and underlying transport networks,
which can enable different slice properties is also discussed. This is
based on mapping between mobile and transport underlays (L2, Segment
Routing, IPv6, MPLS and IPv4).
The 5G cellular network's packet core architecture has adopted concepts of software-based networking to improve scale and flexibility. In this paper, we investigate potential improvements to the current architecture, the protocols for the 5G control plane and backhaul network to achieve signaling efficiencies, improve user experience, performance, scalability, and support low-latency communications.
Segment Routing (SR) reintroduces source routing to networking. While SR has been defined for MPLS and IPv6 data planes, there are considerable problems with respect to increased path overhead in various deployments. This paper presents a new framework that is designed to overcome the SR challenges with a new routing paradigm, PPR (Preferred Path Routing). PPR is intended as enabler for next generation source routing by minimizing the data plane overhead caused in SR, which includes the network layer tax and processing overhead that is imposed on packets, critical specifically for small packets that are characteristic to many 5G applications. PPR extends SR for IP data planes without needing to replace existing hardware or even to upgrade the data plane. In addition, PPR allows dynamic path QoS reservations viz., bandwidth, and resources for providing deterministic queuing latency.
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