Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) is the leading cause of irreversible myocardial damage. A pivotal pathogenic factor is ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, marked by iron overload and lipid peroxidation. However, the impact of lipid droplet (LD) changes on I/R-induced cardiomyocyte ferroptosis is unclear. In this study, an aggregation-induced emission probe, TPABTBP is developed that is used for imaging dynamic changes in LD during myocardial I/R-induced ferroptosis. TPABTBP exhibits excellent LD-specificity, superior capability for monitoring lipophagy, and remarkable photostability. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and super-resolution fluorescence imaging demonstrate that the TPABTBP is specifically localized to the phospholipid monolayer membrane of LDs. Imaging LDs in cardiomyocytes and myocardial tissue in model mice with MIRI reveals that the LD accumulation level increase in the early reperfusion stage (0-9 h) but decrease in the late reperfusion stage (>24 h) via lipophagy. The inhibition of LD breakdown significantly reduces the lipid peroxidation level in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that chloroquine (CQ), an FDA-approved autophagy modulator, can inhibit ferroptosis, thereby attenuating MIRI in mice. This study describes the dynamic changes in LD during myocardial ischemia injury and suggests a potential therapeutic target for early MIRI intervention.
The coexist of primary angiosarcoma and thrombosis is a rare clinical entity. A 46-year-old male was presented with multiple right atrial (RA) masses. Two different vascular patterns in these masses were identified by contrast echocardiography. The possibility of coexistence of malignant tumors and thrombus in RA was implicated, which was further confirmed by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography/computer tomography, and pathologic examination. This case highlights the advantages of contrast echocardiography in the differential diagnosis of cardiac masses.
Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate pre- and intraoperative risk factors for 30-day mortality in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Methods: Three hundred thirteen patients with ATAAD who underwent emergency surgery (264 men and 49 women; mean age, 48±10 years) were enrolled in our study. Preoperative and operative risk factors for death were presented. Multivariable analysis was performed to identify the influence of varying factors on 30-day mortality. Results: Overall, 32 patients (10.2%) died within 30 days. Compared with the surviving group, the deceased patients were more likely to have tachycardia, elevated serum potassium levels, moderate to severe pericardial effusion, suprasternal branch involvement, myocardial ischemia, and lower-extremity ischemia. Regarding factors related to surgery, the duration of surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass and concomitant procedures of coronary artery bypass graft（CABG） were greater in patients who died. In multivariate analysis, independent risk factors were longer duration of surgery (odds ratio [OR]: 4.5, p=0.001) and cardiopulmonary bypass (OR: 5.3, p=0.001), moderate to severe pericardial effusion (OR: 3.3, p=0.017), suprasternal branch involvement (OR: 4.9，p=0.002), and lower-extremity ischemia (OR: 7.6, p＜0.001). Conclusions: Lower-extremity ischemia and suprasternal branch involvement have the poorest outcomes. Moderate to severe pericardial effusion could influence the outcome. Shorter duration of surgery is associated with better outcomes. Key Words: acute type A aortic dissection, surgery, mortality, risk factors
The inner leaves of crop canopy are covered by outer branches and leaves, leading to the information loss of the occluded canopy structure in modern crop perception, and it has restricted the development of phenotype observation and precision agriculture. In this paper, we propose a neural network method to reconstruct the occluded structures of crop canopies with an RGB-D sensor. Taking the cotton plant as the object of study, we propose a novel Cascade Leaf Segmentation and Completion Network (CLSCN) to reconstruct the occluded leaf images and propose a Fragmental Leaf Point–cloud Reconstruction Algorithm (FLPRA) to complete the missing point clouds. By combining the Instance Segmentation Network (ISN), Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and Point-cloud Reconstruction Algorithm (PRA), the three-dimensional models of cotton plants with both completed internal and external structures of the canopy are smoothly reconstructed. Firstly, a great number of images and point clouds of leaves are captured with an RGB-D sensor from the top view of cotton canopies, and a cotton leaf VOC dataset is created for manual data division and annotation. Secondly, a network named CLSCN is cascading constructed with an Instance Segmentation Network (ISN) and a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), and the two parts of CLSCN are separately trained with our constructed dataset to output complete cotton leaves. Thirdly, with the fusion of the completed RGB images output by cascaded network segmentation and the point clouds captured by RGB-D sensor, the proposed FLPRA is used to filter, reconstruct, fuse and register the cotton canopy leaf point clouds, and to obtain the whole cotton canopy point-clouds with inner occluded structure recovery. Finally, the CLSCN and FLPRA are validated using the validation dataset of cotton leaf. The test results show that: the front-end ISN of the proposed CLSCN can output high-quality cotton leaf masks, of which the mIoU can be up to 84.65%, and the back-end GAN of CLSCN can complete the occluded leaves with the accuracy over 94%; the reconstruction accuracy of the final three-dimensional model of the cotton canopy is up to 82.7%. Therefore, the proposed neural network and algorithm effectively solve the problem of incomplete canopy point cloud caused by the occlusion of outer leaves and provide an effective way to recover the complete three-dimensional structure of crop canopy with internal occlusion. It is a meaningful theoretical and technical support to realize real-time crop status observation and precise field management in agriculture production.
Xiaohuangcun Village,as a home of Dong Chorus,has rich resources of national and folk cultural art.Along with further open-up,the contradiction between the protection and inheritance of the national and folk arts and the open-up of tourism becomes more prominent.The heart of the problem is the purity of protection and the variety arising from the open-up when facing the market requirements.The non-unified responsibility,authority and benefit of each government department,the division of the management and operation,the unity and discreteness of cultural tourism products of Xiaohuangcun Village and the deprofessionalization of the Dong chorus teachers,all seriously influence the protection and open-up of the national and folk cultural arts.The study of the case of Xiaohuangcun Village will contribute to the deep understanding and consideration of the problem and to the solution of it.
Densities for binary mixtures of (2-propanol + o-xylene, + m-xylene, + p-xylene, 2-methyl-2-propanol + o-xylene, + m-xylene, and + p-xylene) have been determined at 298.15 K, and excess molar volumes have been derived. Surface tension of these binary mixtures have been measured at 298.15 K by the pendant drop method, and the values of the surface tension deviation for these mixtures were also calculated.
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