This news section is written by a medical journalist and offers Cancer Cytopathology readers timely information on events, issues, and personalities of interest to the subspecialty.This edition explores the potential of noninvasive liquid biopsies for cancer screening and monitoring, as well as the challenges the tests must overcome before they are ready for widespread clinical use.

10.1002/cncy.22091

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Cytomorphology of intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasm of the liver

Diagnostic Cytopathology (2013)

Matthew F. Jurczyk Bing Zhu Celina Villa Denise V. S. DeFrias Xiaoqi Lin

We describe the first cytology case report of an intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasm (IOPN) of the liver. A 51‐year‐old male presented with recurrent cholangitis. Magnetic resonance imaging and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram revealed a 1.1 × 0.9 cm polypoid lesion within the left intrahepatic bile duct. Fine‐needle aspiration and needle core biopsy (NCB) revealed nests, 3‐dimensional or papillary clusters of columnar or cuboidal cells with loss of polarity. The nuclei were uniform with even chromatin, and cytoplasm was granular or vacuolated. No mitosis or necrosis was seen. The cytologic and histologic diagnosis was “consistent with Intraductal Oncocytic Papillary Neoplasm (IOPN), intermediate grade (borderline).” The patient then underwent a left lateral liver segmentectomy. Microscopic examination showed histology similar to the NCB with no stromal invasion identified. Hepatic IOPN poses a diagnostic challenge due to its broad differential diagnoses. Both malignant and non‐malignant IOPNs may present with similar clinical symptoms, pathology, histology, cytomorphology, and immunohistochemistry. Hepatic IOPN should be excised as it is a precursor lesion of adenocarcinoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2014;42:895–898. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Histology

Cytopathology

Cuboidal Cell

10.1002/dc.23073

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Diagnostic and Prognostic Utility of Molecular Markers in Synchronous Bilateral Breast Carcinoma

Modern Pathology (2008)

Reda S. Saad Krista L. Denning Sydney Finkelstein Yulin Liu Telma C. Pereira

Breast carcinoma

Concordance

10.1038/modpathol.2008.35

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Age-cumulative Effect of REC8 Reduction on Meiotic Chromosome Segregation Errors in Mice

Reproductive and Developmental Medicine (2021)

Liyuan Tian Ling Zhang Chengqiu Tao Xiaoqi Lin Feng Zhang

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between cohesin subunit REC8 reduction and meiosis chromosome segregation errors in the ovary. Methods: Rec8 +/− mice were generated using CRIPSR/Cas9 gene editing. The association between age and REC8 expression levels in the ovary was determined by Western blotting. Chromosome segregation errors were investigated by immunofluorescence imaging of superovulated oocytes. Wild-type and Rec8 +/− female mice at 5, 8, 20, 36, and 40 weeks were used to evaluate ovarian reserve by ovarian clearing and immunolabeling. Results: Ovary REC8 expression levels gradually decreased with age, while chromosome segregation errors increased with age. Segregation errors were more common in Rec8 +/− mice, suggesting an association with REC8 expression. The ovarian reserve capacity decreased significantly with age. The ovarian reserve in Rec8 +/− mice was inferior to that of age-matched wild-type mice, indicating important roles of age and REC8 levels in the ovarian reserve. Conclusions: REC8 reduction has an age-cumulative effect on meiotic chromosome segregation errors in mouse ovaries. Rec8 haploinsufficiency poses a major challenge in generating normal and reproductive oocytes in aging mice.

Ovarian Reserve

Haploinsufficiency

10.4103/2096-2924.327880

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Issue Information

Cancer Cytopathology (2021)

Emerita Celeste N Powers William C. Faquin Esmeralda Buchanan Jeffrey F. Krane

Cancer Cytopathology, a journal of the American Cancer Society, provides a unique forum for interaction and dissemination of original research and educational information relevant to the practice of cytopathology and its related oncologic disciplines.The journal strives to have a positive effect on cancer prevention, early detection, diagnosis, and cure by the publication of high-quality content.The mission of Cancer Cytopathology is to present and inform readers of new applications, technological advances, cutting-edge research, novel applications of molecular techniques, and relevant review articles related to cytopathology.

10.1002/cncy.22535

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Issue Information

Cancer Cytopathology (2021)

Emerita Celeste N Powers William C. Faquin Esmeralda Buchanan Jeffrey F. Krane

10.1002/cncy.22458

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Theiler's virus persistence and demyelination in major histocompatibility complex class II-deficient mice

Journal of Virology (1996)

M. Kariuki Njenga Kevin D. Pavelko J Baisch Xiaoqi Lin Chella S. David

Mice with targeted disruption of the A beta gene of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules (Abo) were used to investigate the role of class II gene products in resistance or susceptibility to virus-induced chronic demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS). Class-II-deficient mice from the resistant H-2b [H-2b(Abo)] and nonmutant H-2b backgrounds were infected with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus intracerebrally and examined for CNS virus persistence, demyelination, and neurologic clinical signs. Virus titers measured by plaque assays showed that 8 of 10 normally resistant nonmutant H-2b mice had cleared the virus within 21 days, whereas the other 2 mice had low titers. In contrast, all class II-deficient Abo mice had high virus titers for up to 90 days after infection (4.30 log10 PFU per g of CNS tissue). Virus antigens and RNA were localized to the brains (cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and brain stem) and spinal cords of Abo mice. Colocalization identified persistent Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes but not in macrophages. There was demyelination in 11 of 23 and 6 of 9 Abo mice 45 and 90 days after virus infection, respectively, whereas no demyelination was observed in infected nonmutant H-2b mice. Demyelinating lesions in Abo mice showed virus-specific CD8+ T cells and macrophages but no CD4+ T cells. Spasticity and paralysis were observed in chronically infected Abo mice but not in the nonmutant H-2b mice. These findings demonstrate that class II gene products are required for virus clearance from the CNS but not for demyelination and neurologic disease.

Demyelinating disease

10.1128/jvi.70.3.1729-1737.1996

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Kidney, Adrenal Gland, and Paraganglia

Springer eBooks (2019)

Xiaoqi Lin Joseph Peevey Ali Habib R. Mora Ahsun Riaz

10.1007/978-3-030-24756-0_5

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