Liangrui Chen

Sichuan University

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Shujuan Guo

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases

Jialu Yu

Sichuan University

Li Mao-xue

Sichuan University

Weidong Tian

Sichuan University

Yafei Wu

State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China

Weidong Tian

Yantai University

Yuqi Wen

Nanchang University

Jiusi Guo

Sichuan University

Yue Zhang

Tianjin Medical University

Li Liu

West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University

Cooperative Institutions

Sichuan University

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases

West China Hospital of Sichuan University

Fudan University

Chongqing Medical University

Jilin University

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Stomatology Hospital

Nanchang University

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Advances in the roles and mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell derived microRNAs on periodontal tissue regeneration

Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2024)

Jiaxiang Zhang Liangrui Chen Jialu Yu Weidong Tian Shujuan Guo

Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent oral diseases leading to tooth loss in adults, and is characterized by the destruction of periodontal supporting structures. Traditional therapies for periodontitis cannot achieve ideal regeneration of the periodontal tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising approach to periodontal tissue regeneration. Recently, the prominent role of MSCs in this context has been attributed to microRNAs (miRNAs), which participate in post-transcriptional regulation and are crucial for various physiological and pathological processes. Additionally, they function as indispensable elements in extracellular vesicles, which protect them from degradation. In periodontitis, MSCs-derived miRNAs play a pivotal role in cellular proliferation and differentiation, angiogenesis of periodontal tissues, regulating autophagy, providing anti-apoptotic effects, and mediating the inflammatory microenvironment. As a cell-free strategy, their small size and ability to target related sets of genes and regulate signaling networks predispose miRNAs to become ideal candidates for periodontal tissue regeneration. This review aims to introduce and summarize the potential functions and mechanisms of MSCs-derived miRNAs in periodontal tissue repair and regeneration.

10.1186/s13287-024-03998-5

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The non-viral vectors and main methods of loading siRNA onto the titanium implants and their application

Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition (2020)

Liangrui Chen Mingxuan Bai Ruiyu Du Hao Wang Yi Deng

Surface modification of titanium implants by siRNA is quite efficient for improving implant osseointegration. Loading siRNA onto their surface is a crucial factor for siRNA-functionalized implants to realize their biological function. Direct binding of siRNA to implants has low siRNA binding and releasing rate, so usually it needs to be mediated by vectors. Polymeric, nonmaterial-mediated and lipid-based vectors are types of non-viral vectors which are commonly used for delivering siRNA. Three major methods of loading process, namely simple physical adsorption, layer-by-layer assembly and electrodeposition, are also summarized. A brief introduction, the basic principle and the general procedure of each method are included. The loading efficiency, which can be measured both qualitatively and quantitatively, together with gene knockdown efficiency, cytotoxicity assay and osteogenesis of the three methods are compared. A good many applications in osteogenesis have also been described in this review.

10.1080/09205063.2020.1793706

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Epstein-Barr Virus Infection-Associated Facial Swelling: A Case Report

Cureus (2024)

Yue Zhang Jinlong Chen Liangrui Chen Wei Tang

Maxillofacial soft tissue swelling is a common clinical symptom with various etiologies. While odontogenic space infection is the most common cause, it is crucial not to overlook maxillofacial swellings caused by specific pathogenic infections and other local factors. This paper reports the case of an adult patient with right-sided swelling of his face, persistent oral mucosal ulcers, and recurrent hyperthermia for 30 days. He had received various antibiotics for the initial diagnosis of "right buccal space infection," but the antibiotics did not have any effect on his symptoms. None of the blood tests, histological examinations, bone marrow biopsies, and immune-related tests produced diagnostic findings. A diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection was finally confirmed by biopsy tissue genomics sequencing and quantitative analysis of EBV nucleic acid. In this report, we describe the diagnosis and treatment process for this patient and suggest that facial swelling could be an important clinical symptom of EBV infection.

Odontogenic infection

Etiology

Epstein–Barr virus infection

10.7759/cureus.57635

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Assessment of available sites for palatal orthodontic mini-implants through cone-beam computed tomography

The Angle Orthodontist (2020)

Xinwei Lyu Jiusi Guo Liangrui Chen Yi Gao Lu Liu

ABSTRACT Objective To measure the palatal thickness of both hard and soft tissues and to determine safe regions for the placement of mini-implants. The influences of sex and age on palatal thickness were also examined. Materials and Methods Cone-beam computed tomography images of 30 patients (12 males, 18 females), including 15 adults and 15 adolescents, were used in this study. The thicknesses of palatal hard tissue, soft tissue, and hard+soft tissues were measured at the coronal planes of first premolars, second premolars, first molars, and second molars (P1, P2, M1, and M2 planes, respectively). Results The hard tissue was thickest at the P1 plane, followed by at the P2, M1, and M2 planes, while the thickness of soft tissue was similar among the four planes. The trends in the changes of palatal thickness from midline to the lateral sides (V-pattern) were similar for the four planes. Palatal thickness was influenced by sex, age, and their interaction. Mapping of recommended and optimal sites for palatal mini-implants was accomplished. Conclusions Sex and age factors could influence palatal thickness. Therefore, the findings might be helpful for clinicians in guiding them to choose the optimal sites for palatal mini-implants.

Hard tissue

10.2319/070719-457.1

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Xenogenous implanted dental follicle stem cells promote periodontal regeneration throughinduces N2 phenotype of neutrophils

Research Square (Research Square) (2024)

Li Liu Yuqi Wen Liangrui Chen Li Mao-xue Jialu Yu

Abstract Background Periodontal tissue loss is the main reason of tooth mobility and loss caused by periodontal disease. Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) have significant therapeutic potential in periodontal regeneration, which maybe mainly depends on its potent immunomodulatory capacity. Consequently, this study aims to elucidate the impact of implanted xenogenous DFSCs on innate immune responses during early and late stage in periodontal defect repair period. Methods To trace and investigate the immunomodulation mechanisms of DFSCs in vivo, DFSCs were engineered (E-DFSCs) using lentiviral vectors expressing CD63-enhanced green fluorescent protein (CD63-EGFP) and β-Actin-mCherry protein (ACTB-mCherry) to exhibit green and red fluorescence. The biological characteristics and functions of E-DFSCs were verified by proliferation, differentiation and co-culture experiments in vitro. In vivo, the periodontal regeneration capacity of E-DFSC was detected by implantation of murine periodontal defect model, and the response of innate immune cells were detected at 1st ,3rd, 5th day (early stage) and 4th week (late stage) after implantation. Results In vitro assessments showed that E-DFSCs retain similar properties to their non-engineered counterparts but exhibit enhanced macrophage immunomodulation capability. In mice models, four-week micro-CT and histological evaluations indicated that E-DFSCs have equivalent efficiency to DFSCs in periodontal defects regeneration. At the early stage of repair in mice periodontal defect, fluorescence tracking showed that implanted E-DFSCs might primarily activate endogenous cells through direct contact and indirect actions, and most of these cells is myeloperoxidase positive neutrophils. Additionally, compared with the control group, the neutrophils infiltration and conversion of N2-type were significantly increased in the E-DFSC group. At the late stage of defect regeneration, more M2-type macrophages, fewer TRAP + osteoclasts and upregulated OPG/RANKL ratio were detected in the E-DFSC group compared to the control group, which indicated that immune balance tilt toward healing and bone-formation. Conclusion The xenogenous implanted DFSCs can induce N2 phenotype of neutrophils in early stage, which can activate the innate immune mechanism of the host to promote periodontal tissue regeneration.

Dental follicle

10.21203/rs.3.rs-4543583/v1

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Xenogenous implanted dental follicle stem cells promote periodontal regeneration through inducing the N2 phenotype of neutrophils

Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2024)

Li Liu Yuqi Wen Liangrui Chen Li Mao-xue Jialu Yu

Periodontal tissue loss is the main reason for tooth mobility and loss caused by periodontal disease. Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) have significant therapeutic potential in periodontal regeneration, which maybe mainly depends on their potent immunomodulatory capacity. Consequently, this study aims to elucidate the impact of implanted xenogenous DFSCs on innate immune responses during early and late stages in the periodontal defect repair period. To trace and investigate the immunomodulation mechanisms of DFSCs in vivo, DFSCs were engineered (E-DFSCs) using lentiviral vectors expressing CD63-enhanced green fluorescent protein (CD63-EGFP) and β-Actin-mCherry protein (ACTB-mCherry) to exhibit green and red fluorescence. The biological characteristics and functions of E-DFSCs were verified by proliferation, differentiation, and co-culture experiments in vitro. In vivo, the periodontal regeneration capacity of E-DFSCs was detected by implantation of murine periodontal defect model, and the response of innate immune cells was detected at the 1st, 3rd, and 5th days (early stage) and 4th week (late stage) after implantation. In vitro assessments showed that E-DFSCs retain similar properties to their non-engineered counterparts but exhibit enhanced macrophage immunomodulation capability. In mice models, four-week micro-CT and histological evaluations indicated that E-DFSCs have equivalent efficiency to DFSCs in periodontal defect regeneration. At the early stage of repair in mice periodontal defect, fluorescence tracking showed that implanted E-DFSCs might primarily activate endogenous cells through direct contact and indirect actions, and most of these cells are myeloperoxidase-positive neutrophils. Additionally, compared with the control group, the neutrophilic infiltration and conversion of N2-type were significantly increased in the E-DFSC group. At the late stage of defect regeneration, more M2-type macrophages, fewer TRAP + osteoclasts, and an upregulated OPG/RANKL ratio were detected in the E-DFSC group compared to the control group, which indicated that immune balance tilts towards healing and bone formation. The xenogenous implanted DFSCs can induce the N2 phenotype of neutrophils in the early stage, which can activate the innate immune mechanism of the host to promote periodontal tissue regeneration.

10.1186/s13287-024-03882-2

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Citations (2)

Mechanisms and clinical application potential of mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles in periodontal regeneration

Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2023)

Liangrui Chen Shasha Zhu Shujuan Guo Weidong Tian

Abstract Periodontitis is a high prevalence oral disease which damages both the hard and soft tissue of the periodontium, resulting in tooth mobility and even loss. Existing clinical treatment methods cannot fully achieve periodontal tissue regeneration; thus, due to the unique characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), they have become the focus of attention and may be the most promising new therapy for periodontitis. Accumulating evidence supports the view that the role of MSCs in regenerative medicine is mainly achieved by the paracrine pathway rather than direct proliferation and differentiation at the injured site. Various cells release lipid-enclosed particles known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are rich in bioactive substances. In periodontitis, EVs play a pivotal role in regulating the biological functions of both periodontal tissue cells and immune cells, as well as the local microenvironment, thereby promoting periodontal injury repair and tissue regeneration. As a cell-free therapy, MSCs-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have some preponderance on stability, immune rejection, ethical supervision, and other problems; therefore, they may have a broad clinical application prospect. Herein, we gave a brief introduction to MSC-EVs and focused on their mechanisms and clinical application in periodontal regeneration.

Regenerative Medicine

Periodontium

Extracellular vesicles

10.1186/s13287-023-03242-6

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Citations (15)