Objectives: To evaluate the influence of music in reducing patients’ anxiety during periodontal surgery. Methods: This is a clinical trial of involving fifteen patients undergoing periodontal surgery. Patients indicated for periodontal surgery were invited to participate in the study, and randomly assigned to music (n=8) or control (n=7) groups. Participants’ dental anxiety were determined using the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS) before and after the surgery, while their blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded at pre-, intra- and post-procedures. Paired t-test was used to compare the statistical significant difference between pre- and postprocedural anxiety for both groups. Result: The participants of this study consist of 22 patients that underwent periodontal surgery procedures, with majority of the subjects (53.3%) were males (n=8) and the mean age was 50.8 (SD=13.21). The measurement of blood pressure increased in patients allocated in music group compared to control group were statistically significant with (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study suggests that music may reduce patients’ anxiety while undergoing periodontal surgery. More details on the type and intensity of music may provide further value to the finding.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of hypnosis 1) to reduce dental anxiety in periodontal patients, and 2) to increase periodontal patients’ compliance through the reduction of dental anxiety. Methods: This was a randomized control trial of 22 patients (13 males, 9 females; 40.14 ± 19.59 years) who underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy in the Postgraduate and Undergraduate Clinics. Patients were divided into the case, H, (hypnosis; n=11) and controlled, N, (no hypnosis; n=11) groups, where patients’ dental anxiety level was assessed twice for both groups using IDAF-4C+ during the first visit and the second visit. The compliance was evaluated during the follow-up visit. Results: The result showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the H group during the second visit indicating a reduction in dental anxiety as compared to N group. However, there were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in the pattern of reduction of blood pressure between both case and control groups. Based on the heart rate, patients were found to be more relaxed with hypnotherapy at the beginning of the treatment but halfway through, patients without hypnotherapy had a more significant reduction in heart rate level. Conclusion: Hypnotic suggestions were found to help reduce patient’s fear and anxiety. However, the compliance of the patients with or without hypnotherapy proved to have a similar outcome.
Abstract Objective : The study aimed to evaluate type 1 DM (T1DM) patients’ self-perceived periodontal health status and to identify the association between PD and DM. Methods : This cross-sectional study included 113 T1DM children between 3 and 18 years old from the Universiti Teknologi MARA and the University of Malaya. Periodontal health parameters, including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), basic periodontal examination (BPE), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded. Self-perceived periodontal health status was assessed with questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the sensitivity of the questionnaire and the relationship between T1DM and periodontal parameters. Results : The median age was 11.4 years. Half of them (50.4%) were females. 83.5% rated their oral condition as good, while 27.5% reported a history of gingival bleeding. Clinical examination revealed that 48.7% had healthy gingiva, whereas 47.8% had gingivitis. The question “Do you have bleeding when brushing, flossing, or eating food?” showed good accuracy in the evaluation of PD (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The questionnaire has a high potential to be used by medical professionals in identifying T1DM patients at risk of PD to guide non-dental healthcare providers in making appropriate referrals to dental services. Clinical Relevance: Early detection and timely referral of PD under coordinated medical-dental care can enhance patients’ dental care and quality of life.
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has been recognized as a systemic risk factor for periodontitis. Success in controlling periodontitis requires interdisciplinary solutions involving medical counterparts. Case report: This case report highlights the importance of a bidirectional communication between medical and periodontal specialist in the management of a 63-year-old Malay lady patient diagnosed with Generalized Periodontitis, Stage IV and Grade C. The outcome of the interdisciplinary approach was both the stabilization of her periodontal conditions and medically, the glycated haemoglobin level. Conclusions:The bidirectional communication between medical and periodontal specialist is as important as managing the patients medically for a holistic treatment approach of an uncontrolled diabetic patient.
Objectives: Periodontitis is a chronic disease which remain undiagnosed and untreated without proper examination and referral to specialist clinic for further management Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the pattern of referrals to Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Periodontal Specialist Clinic. Materials and methods: A total of 176 periodontal cases referred to UiTM Periodontal Specialist Clinic in year 2011 and 2016 were identified and patient’s referral forms were collected. The data obtained were the referred cases from undergraduate student clinics, other specialist clinics, UiTM primary dental care clinic and private dental clinics. Descriptive data analysis was conducted using frequency distribution by SPSS. Chi square analysis was used to evaluate the association of source of referral, diagnosis and reason for referrals to Periodontal Specialist Clinic. Results: There was increased referral cases to Periodontal Specialist Clinic in 2016 (86.9%) compared to 2011 (13.1%). Most referral to Periodontal Specialist Clinic were received from faculty’s undergraduate student clinic in both 2011 and 2016 (46%), followed by other specialists (27.3%), primary care clinic (25.6%) and private practice (1.1%). 96% of cases were referred for intervention by periodontist as more than half of the cases were referred for the non-surgical periodontal treatment. Chi square analysis showed the association between source of referral and reason for referral was statistically significant (p value=0.000). Conclusion: Proper periodontal screening in all patients and necessary referral to specialist clinic is crucial to prevent undiagnosed periodontal disease.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycaemia resulted from defects in insulin secretion or action, or both. Various studies have reported on the bidirectional relationship between DM and periodontal disease. A systematic search of the literature was performed in several databases, EBSCO Medline Complete, PubMed, Science Direct and a manual search for articles from 2000 until 2019. Literature that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were identified, and data measuring plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and periodontal probing depth (PPD) were extracted and subjected to Random-effects meta-analysis. From 947 titles and abstracts screened, 11 articles were included for meta-analysis. It was found that PI, GI, CAL and PPD were significantly higher in DM children than in non-DM children according to the Standardized Mean different (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) (SMD 0.54, 95% CI 0.20-0.87, P = 0.002; SMD 0.63, 95% CI 0.39-0.87, P < 0.001; SMD 0.79, 95% CI 0.52-1.05, P < 0.001, SMD 0.67, 95% CI 0.23-1.11, P = 0.003, respectively). The meta-analysis showed significant differences in PI, GI, PD and CAL between the two groups, favouring non-DM children. Therefore, early detection of DM children with periodontal disease is crucial to prevent periodontal disease.
Introduction: High survival rates of dental implants were commonly reported even after 10 years of follow up. Nevertheless, complications and failure may occur and the implant would need to be removed. In recent years, the use of autogenous blood products in dental surgery has increased due to its ability to aid the healing of the soft and hard tissues.
Clinical case: The case demonstrated the utilisation of concentrated growth factor (CGF) from the patient’s blood for healing following conservative removal of a failed dental implant. Subsequently, the patient showed satisfactory recovery without any infections and clinical complaints.
Conclusion: This explantation procedure, together with the use of CGF, may prevent the normal bone resorption and accelerate soft tissue healing. As it is biological in nature having originated from the patient’s blood, it is more readily accepted by the tissues and the risk of infection is low.
To identify the perceived stressor among dental postgraduate clinical residents in Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). Materials and methods: Thirty-one postgraduate clinical residents (PG) were invited to participate in the study via online survey. Among the 31, only 25 (80.7%) responded to the questionnaires. Result: Majority of the respondent (80%) were females and the mean age was 31 (SD=62.64). The result showed that 53.3% of the PG reported they were stressed, with female (87.5%) being more stressed than males but this was statistically non-significant. Main contributor for elevated stress levels were (i) lack of time for relaxation and neglect of personal life (86.7%), (ii) too much workload inadequate time (93.3%), and (iii) stress of academic activities like seminar and case presentation (100%). Hanging out with friends (83.3%) and music (76.7%) were found to be the most preferred option of PG to cope with stress. Conclusion: The current study found PG clinical residents in Faculty of Dentistry, UiTM have high level of stress. The findings of this study further support the need to consider re-evaluation and improvement of the curriculum design in order to minimize students’ stress level.
Diabetes is a growing global issue, with socioeconomic status (SES) influencing the incidence and prevalence of the condition. Adults with lower incomes are more likely to develop diabetes and experience higher rates of complications and mortality. In SES assessments, education quality is considered more important than quantity. High-income individuals are less likely to develop diabetes due to their ability to afford balanced diets and medications. Long work hours and illiteracy also contribute to the onset of diabetes. Research conducted in Bahawalpur, Pakistan, found that socioeconomic factors significantly affect diabetes patients, with poor economic status and inadequate diabetic education being more prevalent. Physical inactivity and lack of life insurance further contribute to the condition. In Bahawalpur, a cross-sectional study involving 374 participants from diverse social and economic backgrounds examined the impact of socioeconomic factors on diabetes management and outcomes across different age and gender groups. Among the participants, 60% were male and 39.39% were female, with 66.80% over the age of 50. Out of the 374 participants, 236 (63.10%) were unemployed. Additionally, 41.97% of participants had limited knowledge about diabetes. Due to poor knowledge, economic constraints, and lack of physical activity, participants experienced poor diabetes management, leading to negative outcomes.
Alveolar bone loss as a result of periodontitis and physiological alveolar bone resorption following tooth extraction can be treated and minimized with clinical procedures such as periodontal regeneration and socket preservation. The use concentrated growth factor (CGF) has received an attention nowadays in clinical practice as source of growth factors. Meanwhile, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres is well known for its use in drug delivery due to its high porosity and interconnected pores. The objective of this review paper is to provide an overview on the current use of CGF and PLGA in periodontal regeneration in order to promote and obtain new bone formation and periodontal attachment.
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