In recent years, the electronic delivery of various deliverables has been implemented in the construction field through the promotion efforts of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. One of these deliverables is the image data of photograph taken at construction site. For the electronic delivery of this data, the photography management items showing the contents photographed in the image data of construction site must be submitted along with the image data of construction site itself. Therefore, in this research, we develop a system for automatically acquiring contents for registering the photography management items from the image data of construction site.
Fourteen surface sediment samples were collected from the inner Bohai Bay(Tianjin coastal sea) to measure particle size,heavy metal and radioactivity.The sediments were majorly silt-size and the particle size decreases southwards and eastwards in study area.The ranges of heavy metal concentrations were 25.6-35.1mg/kg,44.1-67.7mg/kg and 60-73.5mg/kg for Cu,Pb,Zn,respectively.The radioactivities for 210Pb and 137Cs were 13.2-35.3Bq/kg and 0.05-1.28Bq/kg,respectively.Heavy metals concentration and radioactivity decreases with the increase of particle size,and generally increases both from north to south spatially.In particular,the level of heavy metals and radioactivity in the central and southern area increases southeastwardly and eastwardly,respectively.That might be due to the fact that the fine particles are more effective in adsorbing metals than coarse particles,and the surface sediment particle size distribution can be affected by flow in Bohai bay.
The accuracy evaluation of precipitation forecast is the key to the application of numerical precipitation forecast in practice. Taking the Tianzhuang reservoir watershed as the research object, three forecasting models of NCEP, CMA and UKMO from TIGGE center are selected, and the accuracy of the ensemble precipitation forecast data from May to September in 2007 to 2019 is analyzed by using test methods of precipitation classification forecast, Brier score and Talagrand map. The results show that: (1) the ensemble average precipitation forecast effects of no rain, light rain and moderate rain for the three forecasting models are almost the same, while those of heavy rain and rainstorm and above are quite different, among which the prediction effect of CMA is the best; (2) the Brier scores decrease with the increase of the precipitation grade and the forecast accuracy of CMA is the highest; (3) the Talagrand maps of the three forecasting models all show a rough "U" shape, indicating that the members of each forecasting model are not scattered enough. Generally speaking, the ensemble precipitation forecast of CMA has the highest accuracy.
The consumption of energy and resources produces carbon emissions and exacerbates global warming. As the basic resources for urban development, the development and utilization of water and land resources consume a large amount of energy, which results in carbon emissions. This paper presents a study aimed at analyzing the interaction of urban water–land–energy and its carbon emission effects and finding ways to achieve the win-win situation of carbon emission reduction and economic development. We used an SD-MOP model combined with system dynamics (SD) and multi-objective programming (MOP) to describe the feedback relationship between urban water and land resources utilization and carbon emissions, designed a comprehensive scheme for carbon emission reduction goal and optimized it in order to achieve the low carbon development goal. Tianjin, one of the four province-level municipalities, was investigated as a case study for this research. The simulation results indicate that Tianjin’s carbon emissions from water and land utilization will peak around 2025 when applying the comprehensive regulation scheme. After optimization, the optimal regulation scheme would achieve considerable social, economic and environmental benefits. We suggest the implementation of measures including the optimization of the industrial, energy and land use structure; the improvement of energy efficiency; increasing residents’ low carbon awareness; and strengthening industrial and domestic water savings to realize the low carbon development of the city. The findings of this study will be useful for the management of urban water and land utilization.
China is entering a stage of rapid development. To ensure strategic development, more regions have begun to integrate and reconstruct regional spaces by strengthening their regional cooperation and focusing on top-level design. The scenic line is a physical space that integrates ecological landscape resources, cultural carriers, and industrial foundations into regional spaces. Its construction is of considerable importance for aggregating functions and supporting regional integration. Sichuan, China, has some of the most abundant bamboo resources worldwide, and the bamboo scenic line has Chinese characteristics. This study takes 12 areas suitable for bamboo growth in Sichuan Province as research objects using GIS technology combined with methods such as suitability evaluation. An ecological base layer, landscape pattern layer, facility foundation layer, and industrial development layer were developed as the four element layers, along with their influencing factors. The weights of the factors were assigned using the entropy method, and the cost path was analyzed for the resistance side, branch point, and context. A suitability evaluation system was constructed for the scenic line, and a provincial organic development pattern of “one point, two axes and three belts” was formed for the bamboo scenic line, which can provide guidance for planning and design.
City green space can promote people’s health and aesthetic satisfaction; however, most extant research focuses on suburban forests and urban parks. Urban landscape forests have important ecological and aesthetic value for urban environments. This study conducted a visual stimulation to examine the impact of four common spatial element combinations in urban landscape forests on teenagers’ recovery potential and preference. The results indicate that urban landscape forests had positive physiological and psychological effects on adolescents, including decreased blood pressure, improved heart rate, reduced anxiety, and improved recovery ability. Diastolic blood pressure relief performance was better among males than females. In addition, a stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to explore the quantitative relationship between spatial elements and recovery and preference values. The results demonstrate that water elements were a significant predictor in the quantitative relationship between spatial elements in landscape forests and restoration and preference values. Terrain, flower, and shrub elements did not have a significant effect on overall restoration and preference values. This study highlights the intervention value of urban landscape forests in promoting the health and well-being of adolescents, with implications for future planning and design of urban landscape forests.
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