Diana M. Danforth

University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

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Bruce L. Dixon

University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

Bruce L. Ahrendsen

University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

Lawton Lanier Nalley

University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

Sandra J. Hamm

University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

Jennie Popp

University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

Rodolfo M. Nayga

Texas A&M University

T. G. Teague

Arkansas State University

Eric J. Wailes

University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

Ogbonnaya John Nwoha

Louisiana Tech University

Doris J. Newton

Economic Research Service

Cooperative Institutions

University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

Agricultural & Applied Economics Association

University of Arkansas System

United States Department of Agriculture

Agricultural Research Service

Michigan State University

Texas A&M University

Texas Tech University

University of Tennessee at Knoxville

John Wiley & Sons (United States)

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Factors Influencing Salaries of Agricultural Economics Professionals at Land Grant Institutions

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (2009)

Jennie Popp Arby Abdula Doris J. Newton Dianne Pittman Diana M. Danforth

Factors Influencing Salaries of Agricultural Economics Professionals at Land Grant Institutions Jennie Popp Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness University of Arkansas 479-575-2279 jhpopp@uark.edu Arby Abdula Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness University of Arkansas 479-575-2279 jhpopp@uark.edu Doris Newton USDA Economic Research Service (202) 694-5619 dnewton@ers.usda.gov Dianne Pittman Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness University of Arkansas 479-575-2256 pittman@uark.edu Diana Danforth Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness University of Arkansas 479-575-2256 ddanfort@uark.edu

Agribusiness

Land grant

Agricultural experiment station

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Citations (2)

AGRONOMY & SOILS A Scan Level Cotton Carbon Life Cycle Assessment: Has Bio-Tech Reduced the Carbon Emissions from Cotton Production in the USA?

Lawton Lanier Nalley Diana M. Danforth Zara Niederman T. G. Teague

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are a growing concern for agricultural producers given increased pressure from government, consumers and retail purchasers. This study addresses the changes in greenhouse gas emissions in cotton over time (using years 1997, 2005 and 2008) due to changing production methods including tillage and seed technology. Time series data in this study comes from a single farm in Arkansas with detailed records of seed used, all inputs used (e.g. fertilizers, agrochemicals, irrigation), as well as machinery and tillage type for each of over 121 fields over 11 growing seasons. Results indicate yields increased dramatically (68%) over that time, due primarily to seed technology. At the same time, agrochemical use and fuel use decreased in 2008, primarily due to Bollgard II ® Roundup Ready ® Flex seed technology and the resulting reduced tillage. Reduced inputs can result in lower costs for producers, as well as reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Increasing yields with reduction in input use reduces the overall greenhouse gas emissions per pound of cotton produced, resulting in benefits to producers, consumers who demand such traits, and the environment. However, due to the proliferation of glyphosate-resistant pigweed (Amaranthus palmeri), the decreases in greenhouse gas emissions per pound of cotton that were observed over the past decade may be reversed.

Agrochemical

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Are all GMO’s the same? Consumer acceptance of cisgenic rice in India

2015 AAEA & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, July 26-28, San Francisco, California (2015)

Aaron M. Shew Lawton Lanier Nalley Diana M. Danforth Bruce L. Dixon Rodolpho M. Nayga

India has more than 215 million food insecure people, many of whom are farmers. Genetically modified (GM) crops have the potential to alleviate this problem by increasing food supplies and strengthening farmer livelihoods. For this to occur, two factors are critical: (1) a change in the regulatory status of GM crops, and (2) consumer acceptance of GM foods. There are generally two classifications of GM crops based on how they are bred: cisgenically-bred, derived from sexually compatible organisms, and transgenically-bred, derived from sexually incompatible organisms. Consumers may view cisgenic foods as more natural than those produced via transgenesis, thus influencing consumer acceptance. This premise was the catalyst for our study—would Indian consumers accept cisgenically-bred rice and if so, how would they value cisgenics compared to conventionally-bred rice, GM-labeled rice, and “no fungicide” rice? In this willingness-to-pay study, respondents did not view cisgenic and GM rice differently. However, participants were willing-to-pay a premium for any aforementioned rice with a “no fungicide” attribute, which cisgenics and GM could provide. Lastly, 76% and 73% of respondents stated a willingness-to-consume GM and cisgenic foods, respectively.

Genetically modified food

Genetically modified rice

Value (mathematics)

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Analysis of Farm Service Agency Direct Loan Loss Likelihoods and Loss Rates

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (2006)

Bruce L. Ahrendsen Bruce L. Dixon Ogbonnaya John Nwoha Sandra J. Hamm Diana M. Danforth

The USDA's Farm Service Agency (FSA) serves as the nation's lender of last resort by providing direct loans to farmers unable to obtain credit at reasonable rates and terms. Annual loan losses have been substantial, averaging $576 million for fiscal 1994-2004. An econometric model using survey data from a sample of FSA loans originated in fiscal 1994-1996 is estimated to identify factors associated with loan losses. The results indicate previous debt settlement experience, loan type, farm type, farm size, and farm financial characteristics are important factors. This information may be used by FSA to adjust its underwriting standards in an effort to reduce loan losses and provide additional loans to farmers given its current funding.

Underwriting

Settlement (finance)

Sample (material)

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Effect of Schools upon Small Community Growth and Decline.

Donald E. Voth Diana M. Danforth

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Factors Influencing Salaries of Agricultural Economics Professionals in Federal Employment - Part I

2009 Annual Meeting, January 31-February 3, 2009, Atlanta, Georgia (2009)

Doris J. Newton Jennie Popp Arby Abdula Dianne Pittman Diana M. Danforth

Since the early 1900s much research has been conducted on salary gaps between men and women in different professions. While some of that work has focused on agricultural economics professionals, little research could be found specifically relating to agricultural economic professionals in federal employment. A survey was sent to known agricultural economics professionals within USDA. The data from this survey are being used for two purposes. The first is to determine whether differences exist between men and women (and between employees in different agencies) in factors that influence job choice and potential problems in the workplace. The second is to identify factors that influence salaries of men and women agricultural economics professionals in federal employment. This paper addresses the first purpose.

Salary

Young professional

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Revisiting GMOs: Are There Differences in European Consumers’ Acceptance and Valuation for Cisgenically vs Transgenically Bred Rice?

PLoS ONE (2015)

Anne-Cécile Delwaide Lawton Lanier Nalley Bruce L. Dixon Diana M. Danforth Rodolfo M. Nayga

Both cisgenesis and transgenesis are plant breeding techniques that can be used to introduce new genes into plant genomes. However, transgenesis uses gene(s) from a non-plant organism or from a donor plant that is sexually incompatible with the recipient plant while cisgenesis involves the introduction of gene(s) from a crossable—sexually compatible—plant. Traditional breeding techniques could possibly achieve the same results as those from cisgenesis, but would require a much larger timeframe. Cisgenesis allows plant breeders to enhance an existing cultivar more quickly and with little to no genetic drag. The current regulation in the European Union (EU) on genetically modified organisms (GMOs) treats cisgenic plants the same as transgenic plants and both are mandatorily labeled as GMOs. This study estimates European consumers' willingness-to-pay (WTP) for rice labeled as GM, cisgenic, with environmental benefits (which cisgenesis could provide), or any combination of these three attributes. Data were collected from 3,002 participants through an online survey administered in Belgium, France, the Netherlands, Spain and the United Kingdom in 2013. Censored regression models were used to model consumers' WTP in each country. Model estimates highlight significant differences in WTP across countries. In all five countries, consumers are willing-to-pay a premium to avoid purchasing rice labeled as GM. In all countries except Spain, consumers have a significantly higher WTP to avoid consuming rice labeled as GM compared to rice labeled as cisgenic, suggesting that inserting genes from the plant's own gene pool is more acceptable to consumers. Additionally, French consumers are willing-to-pay a premium for rice labeled as having environmental benefits compared to conventional rice. These findings suggest that not all GMOs are the same in consumers' eyes and thus, from a consumer preference perspective, the differences between transgenic and cisgenic products are recommended to be reflected in GMO labeling and trade policies.

Genetically modified rice

10.1371/journal.pone.0126060

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Citations (109)

Factors Influencing Salaries of Agricultural Economics Professionals in Federal Employment - Part I

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (2009)

Doris J. Newton Jennie Popp Arby Abdula Dianne Pittman Diana M. Danforth

Salary

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Implications of Rice Variety Selection to Optimize Returns from Crop Insurance

D. Ethan Branscum Lawton Lanier Nalley Bruce L. Dixon T. J. Siebenmorgen Jesse Tack

Rice production is distinguished from most other field crops by distinct differences in yields across cultivars and producers being paid on production as a result of post-harvest milling into head rice and brokens. In the ten years of Arkansas harvest data from performance trials in six different locations, hybrids are shown the have 19 percent higher paddy yields and head rice yield rates 1.8 percentage points lower than conventional varieties. In crop insurance yield protection and revenue protection policies, no distinctions in premiums are made on the basis of variety. Adjustments for adverse milling outcomes are made only in the most extreme cases. Using a three-equation, econometric model to predict paddy yields, milled rice yields and head rice yields, the relative returns to yield protection and revenue protection crop insurance are estimated. Additionally, a policy that is more sensitive to milling deficiencies is explored. Results indicate some advantage for hybrids compared with conventional cultivars as a ratio of indemnities to premiums. A revenue protection policy that would cover adverse milling outcomes would lessen risk marginally.

Crop insurance

Adverse selection

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Competing Risk Proportional Hazard Models of Farm Service Agency Direct Operating Loans

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (2008)

Bruce L. Dixon Bruce L. Ahrendsen Monica Foianini Sandra J. Hamm Diana M. Danforth

The USDA Farm Service Agency (FSA) direct farm loan program is designed to provide credit to family-sized farms unable to obtain credit from conventional sources at reasonable rates and terms despite having sufficient cash flow to repay and an ability to fully securitize the loan. FSA policy encourages borrowers to exit the program as soon as possible. This study uses Cox proportional hazard models in a competing risks framework to identify predictive factor of: (1) loan success or default, and (2) length of time to loan termination. Survey data from 1925 direct loans originated in federal fiscal years 1994-95 are used for analysis. Only data available to FSA at time of origination were collected. Since these data are all the information FSA has at time of loan origination, the competing risk models provide an alternative method for measuring priori relative riskiness indicated by borrower and loan characteristics. Results indicate that borrower financial strength, intensity of borrowers' current relationship with FSA and loan characteristics are significant measures of loan risk.

10.22004/ag.econ.48140

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