Nonoka Kawamura

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

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Tatsuhiko Goto

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

Masahiro Takaya

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

Ryoko Ono

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

Rina Oguchi

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

Remi Matsushita

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

Reo Yokoyama

Health Sciences University of Hokkaido

Hideaki Hayashi

Osaka University

Harui Usui

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

Kanna Takahashi

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

Kenji Nishimura

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

Cooperative Institutions

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine

Hokkaido University

Hiroshima University

Health Sciences University of Hokkaido

Ibaraki University

Toshiba (Japan)

National Institute of Genetics

Spiral Foundation

University of Wisconsin–Madison

Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

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Housing Systems Affect Eggshell Lightness and Free Amino Acid Contents of Egg Albumen in Tosa-Jidori Chickens: A Preliminary Research

Animals (2023)

Nonoka Kawamura Masahiro Takaya Hideaki Hayashi Tatsuhiko Goto

Many countries have gradually shifted to animal welfare-friendly housing systems for egg layers. However, there is still no consensus among researchers on whether the housing system affects egg quality traits. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of housing systems on egg traits and free amino acid contents of albumen and yolk using two types of housing systems, the conventional cage (cage) system and a floor rearing (litter) system. Tosa-jidori (n = 20) hens were divided into two groups. Experiments during the 7 weeks were performed twice by switching the housing systems (first and second stages). One-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the effects of housing systems on body weight gain, egg traits, albumen and yolk amino acid contents, and fecal corticosterone. We observed significant housing effects in body weight gain, eggshell weight, yolk weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell lightness, and several albumen amino acids (A_Gln, A_His, A_Met, A_Cys, A_Lys, A_Asp, A_Glu, A_Ser, A_Thr, A_Ala, A_Pro, and A_Phe). Notably, a robust effect was seen in eggshell lightness, even after switching housing systems. These results suggest that eggshell lightness and several egg traits, including albumen amino acid contents, can be changed by using the different housing systems.

Yolk

Deep litter

Lightness

10.3390/ani13111837

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Phenotypic Analysis of Growth and Morphological Traits in Miniature Breeds of Japanese Indigenous Chickens

The Journal of Poultry Science (2021)

Ryoko Ono Haruka Miyachi Harui Usui Rina Oguchi Kenji Nishimura

Japanese indigenous chickens include approximately 50 breeds exhibiting various morphological traits, such as a long tail. These genetic resources will be important for revealing the genetic basis of morphological traits in the future. However, little is known about the phenotypic characteristics of each breed during the growth stages. To understand age-dependent changes in growth and morphological traits, we investigated tail length, tail number, body weight, and shank length at several time points using three genetically distinct Japanese indigenous chicken breeds. A total of 155 birds from the Tosa-jidori, Chabo, and Minohikichabo breeds were used for trait measurements from 1 to 36 weeks of age to reveal breed and sex effects. Significant sex differences through the growth stages were observed for all traits except for tail number. Although there were no clear breed differences in tail length traits at the 6- and 20-week stages, Minohikichabo ultimately had a significantly longer tail due to extended tail feather growth at later stages (28 and 36 weeks). By measuring two tail length variables (central and maximum), it was revealed that the shape of the tail feathers varies with the growth stage. Minohikichabo's tail number was higher than that of Tosajidori and Chabo at earlier ages (8 and 16 weeks), which leads to an elegant visual in Minohikichabo. Tosa-jidori's body weight was higher than that of Chabo and Minohikichabo, whereas the shank lengths of Chabo and Minohikichabo were shorter than those of Tosa-jidori. These differences in body weight and shank length were consistent from the early to late growth stages. These results revealed the age-dependency of growth and morphological trait breed characteristics.

Phenotypic trait

Trait

10.2141/jpsa.0200110

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Combined Effect of Feed and Housing System Affects Free Amino Acid Content of Egg Yolk and Albumen in Brown Layer Chickens

The Journal of Poultry Science (2023)

Nonoka Kawamura Reo Yokoyama Masahiro Takaya Ryoko Ono Tatsuhiko Goto

In recent years, the market share for cage-free eggs has gradually increased. Because commercially available cage-free eggs are often produced not only by several housing systems but also with different feed crude protein (CP) levels, there are combined effects of feed and housing systems between cage-free and cage eggs. Therefore, using field data, this study aimed to determine the combined effects of feed and housing systems on egg traits and yolk and albumen amino acids in table eggs. Brown layers (n = 40) at the middle laying stage under two feed and housing systems (cage, CP 15.5% diet; barn, CP 17.0% diet) were used. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation analysis were used to evaluate 10 egg traits, 19 yolk amino acid traits, and 20 albumen amino acid traits. We observed significant effects of feed and housing on two egg traits (yolk weight and eggshell color redness), 16 yolk amino acids (Asp, Glu, Asn, Ser, Gln, His, Arg, Thr, Ala, Tyr, Met, Cys, Ile, Leu, Phe, and Lys), and 14 albumen amino acids (Asp, Asn, Ser, Gln, Gly, His, Arg, Thr, Ala, Val, Met, Cys, Ile, and Leu). This study revealed that eggs from the barn system (CP 17.0%) contained higher levels of free amino acids in 15 yolk and nine albumen amino acid traits. Phenotypic correlations among the 49 egg traits indicated similar correlation patterns in both systems, which implies that the balance of free amino acid content in yolk and albumen is similar in each system. Although some potential confounding factors may be present for comparing egg content between cage (CP 15.5%) and barn (CP 17.0%) systems, this study suggests that commercially available cage-free eggs may be different from cage eggs not only in external egg traits but also yolk and albumen amino acid traits.

Yolk

Egg albumen

10.2141/jpsa.2023007

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Citations (5)