M. Marcoux

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

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i-10 index

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Co-Authors

C. Pomar

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Sheila Laverty

Université de Montréal

Olivier Lepage

VetAgro Sup

Ludovic Bouré

Medtronic (United States)

Marcos Kipper

Elanco (United States)

Fabien Relave

Université de Montréal

Valérie Picandet

Hôpital Saint-Michel

Florent David

Qatar Foundation

L. Faucitano

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

J. Rivest

Centre de Développement du Porc du Québec

Cooperative Institutions

Université de Montréal

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Université Laval

Cegep de Saint Hyacinthe

Lacombe Research and Development Centre

Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre

McGill University

John Wiley & Sons (United States)

Alberta Crop Industry Development Fund

British Veterinary Association

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The accuracy of measuring backfat and loin muscle thicknesses on pork carcasses by the Hennessy HGP2, Destron PG-100, CGM and ultrasound CVT grading probes

Canadian Journal of Animal Science (2005)

C. Pomar M. Marcoux

Research was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of different grading probes measuring backfat (F) and loin muscle thicknesses (M). Thus, 270 pig carcasses were selected according to a 2 × 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Gender (barrows and gilts), fat thickness at the Canadian grading site (< 15.75, 15.75 to 19.75 and > 19.75 mm), and hot carcass weight (75.5 to 81.8, 81.9 to 86.2 and 86.3 to 92.7 kg) were the main factors. The Hennessy (HGP2), Destron (PG-100) and CGM optic probes and the CVT ultrasound probe with two transducers [PCA-5049, 172 mm (CVT-1) and PCB-5011, 125 mm (CVT-2)] were evaluated. Grading measures were compared to the equivalent measures taken in a digitized image. The F and M precision was evaluated in terms of random bias (ED). Hennessy F and CVT-1 M had the lower ED. For F measurements, CGM, Destron, CVT-2 and CVT-1 ED was respectively, 1.65, 1.72, 1.78 and 2.14 times greater than Hennessy ED. For M measurements, ED of CVT-2, CGM, DPG and Hennessy was 1.02, 1.84, 2.03 and 2.20 times greater than CVT-1 ED. Measures of the intercostal muscles were not reliable in any of the probes able to take that measure. Key words: Pork, carcass grading, grading probes, HGP2, PG-100, CGM, CVT

Loin

Grading (engineering)

Carcass weight

10.4141/a05-041

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Citations (20)

SpectralWeight: a spectral graph wavelet framework for weight prediction of pork cuts

arXiv (Cornell University) (2020)

Majid Masoumi M. Marcoux Laurence Maignel C. Pomar

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the quality assessment of pork carcasses using 3D shape analysis. First, we make a 3D model of a pork half-carcass using a 3D scanner and then we take advantage of spectral graph wavelet signature (SGWS) to build a local spectral descriptor. Next, we aggregate the extracted features using the bag-of-geometric-words paradigm to globally represent the half-carcass shape. We then employ partial least-squares regression to predict the weight of pork cuts for the quality assessment of carcasses. Our results demonstrate that SpectralWeight can predict the weight of different pork cuts and tissues with high accuracy. Although in this study we evaluate the performance of SGWS for the weight prediction of pork dissection, our framework is fairly general and enables new ways to estimate the quality and economical value of carcasses of different animals.

10.48550/arxiv.2005.05406

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Citations (0)

Estimation of Canadian and European lean yields and composition of pig carcasses by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Meat Science (2003)

M. Marcoux J. Bernier C. Pomar

Loin

Lean tissue

Dual energy

Lean meat

Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

Carcass weight

10.1016/s0309-1740(02)00094-3

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Citations (43)

Determining the lean content of pork carcasses

Elsevier eBooks (2009)

C. Pomar M. Marcoux M. Gispert María Font-i-Furnols G. Daumas

Lean meat

Lean tissue

Carcass weight

Line (geometry)

Value (mathematics)

10.1533/9781845695439.4.493

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Citations (10)

CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE DEEP DIGITAL FLEXOR TENDON ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOPLASIA OF THE SUSTENTACULUM TALI IN A THOROUGHBRED COLT

Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound (1995)

Olivier Lepage Renée Léveillé Luc Breton M. Marcoux

An 11‐month‐old Thoroughbred colt was presented with a hard swelling at the proximal third of the right 4th metatarsal bone. A medial dislocation of the deep digital flexor tendon ( flexor digitorum profundus ) was also observed on the same leg. On the plantaroproximal‐plantarodistal projection of the calcaneus, there was flattening and shortening of the sustentaculum tali. The smooth bony proliferation at the proximal third of the right 4th metatarus was compatible with a chronic splint bone fracture. This report describes a medial deep digital flexor dislocation associated with hypoplasia of the sustentaculum tali .

10.1111/j.1740-8261.1995.tb00282.x

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Citations (7)

Arthroscopic Removal of Axial Osteochondral Fragments of the Proximoplantar Aspect of the Proximal Phalanx Using Electrocautery Probes in 23 Standardbred Racehorses

Veterinary Surgery (2004)

Olivier Simon Sheila Laverty Ludovic Bouré M. Marcoux Mihàly O. Szöke

Objectives— To describe the outcome after arthroscopic electrosurgical excision of axial osteochondral (OC) fragments of the proximal plantar aspect of the 1st phalanx (P1) in horses. Study Design— Retrospective study. Population— Twenty‐three Standardbred racehorses. Methods— Medical records of Standardbred racehorses that had arthroscopic dissection of axial OC fragments of the proximal plantar aspect of P1 with electrocautery probes were reviewed. Horses were positioned in dorsal recumbency; a 1.5% glycine solution was used to maintain joint distension. The arthroscope portal was in the proximal plantar joint pouch and OC fragments were approached using either an ipsilateral or a contralateral triangulation technique. Dissection of the fibrous attachments was performed using loop and hook electrocautery probes. Follow‐up was obtained by telephone questionnaire of owners or trainers and examination of race summary records. Results— Thirty‐three axial OC fragments were removed from 28 metatarsophalangeal joints (left, 14; right, 14). No major operative or postoperative complications occurred. Seven of 8 (79%) of horses that raced before surgery raced after surgery. Thirty‐six percent (n=4) of horses that had not raced before surgery raced after surgery. Conclusion— Intra‐articular electrosurgery is a safe, easy alternative to conventional excision of axial OC fragments of the proximal plantar aspect of P1. Clinical Relevance— Arthroscopic excision using electrocautery probes is a valid alternate method for removal of axial OC fragments of the proximal plantar aspect of P1. In addition, the dorsal recumbency position facilitates removal of several fragments and multiple joint surgery.

Interphalangeal Joint

Metatarsophalangeal joints

10.1111/j.1532-950x.2004.04061.x

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Citations (25)

Repeatability and reproducibility of measurements obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry on pig carcasses1

Journal of Animal Science (2018)

Marcos Kipper M. Marcoux Inês Andretta C. Pomar

The precision of a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) device in terms of repeatability and reproducibility was evaluated on nine left half-carcasses from pigs with large variability in body weight and fat content. Repeatability was assessed by scanning each carcass 10 times sequentially in the same position. Reproducibility was assessed by scanning each carcass in 10 different positions. Images were analyzed with DXA software using a custom region of interest (ROI) and the standard head, trunk, arm, and leg ROI. Predicted values from the DEXA for bone mineral content (BMC), bone area, bone mineral density (BMD), total weight, soft-tissue weight, fat-tissue weight, and lean-tissue weight were considered. Repeatability was associated with the variance between measurements on the same carcass in the same position (repeatability conditions). An average variance value was obtained with all the carcasses combined, and the SD was calculated as the square root of this combined variance. The CV was the ratio between the SD of the measurements and its average value. Reproducibility was calculated for each carcass as the difference between the variance obtained under the reproducibility conditions and that obtained under the repeatability conditions. The effects of the ROI and conditions were evaluated by ANOVA and Tukey's test. Means of BMC, bone area, BMD, fat tissue, and lean tissue differed among the ROI (P < 0.05) in both the repeatability and reproducibility conditions. The CV of DXA measurements under repeatability condition obtained in the head, arm, and leg ROI was lesser than 1%. Only the repeatability errors of fat tissue differed (P < 0.05) among the ROI, with the lowest precision found for the trunk ROI. The reproducibility errors of BMC, bone area, fat tissue, and lean tissue differed (P < 0.05) among the ROI. The custom ROI had reproducibility errors greater than 2% for fat tissue and greater than 3.5% for BMC and bone area. In addition, the trunk ROI had the highest reproducibility errors for fat tissue (20.7%) and lean tissue (6.2%) when compared to the other ROI. In conclusion, repeatability and reproducibility results obtained for most of the studied ROI indicate that DXA is a valuable tool for carcass evaluation. From a methodological viewpoint and considering the variations observed in this study, the ROI should be chosen based on the item to be evaluated or on the conditions in which the DXA measurements are to be taken.

Repeatability

Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

10.1093/jas/skx046

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Citations (14)

Use of transabdominal ultrasonography to determine the location of cryptorchid testes in the horse

Equine Veterinary Journal (2007)

M. A. Schambourg J. A. Farley M. Marcoux Sheila Laverty

Transrectal ultrasonography is a reliable technique to identify intra-abdominal testes, but can be hazardous or impractical in fractious, juvenile or small equids. The transabdominal approach therefore requires validation.To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of transabdominal ultrasonography to localise cryptorchid testes.Thirty-eight horses admitted for cryptorchidism underwent transabdominal ultrasonography to locate errant testes. Location of the testes was confirmed during surgery (n = 37) or necropsy (n = 1).Horses weighed 175-760 kg. Twenty-two testes were located within the abdomen, 19 in the inguinal space and 3 in a subcutaneous location. In 2 horses, a thick winter coat prevented adequate contact between the probe and the skin, and visualisation of their inguinal testis and one abdominal testis was missed during transabdominal ultrasonography. Excluding the 2 horses with excessive hair, the sensitivity of transabdominal ultrasonography to locate errant testes was 97.6% (93.2% when all horses were included), and its specificity 100%.Transabdominal ultrasonography is a reliable, safe and immediate technique to diagnose cryptorchidism precisely in horses of all ages, sizes and temperaments.Transabdominal ultrasonography provides an immediate definitive diagnosis of adominal cryptorchidism and should enhance selection of an appropriate surgical approach for their removal.

Abdominal ultrasonography

Inguinal canal

10.2746/042516406776866354

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Citations (41)

Palatal sclerotherapy: a potentially useful treatment of intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate in juvenile standardbred racehorses.

PubMed (2008)

M. Marcoux Valérie Picandet Christophe Céleste Susana Macieira Sophie Morisset

This study was aimed at evaluating the tolerability and the efficacy of palatal sclerotherapy in juvenile standardbred racehorses with easily audible "snoring-like" respiratory noises suspected to be the result of intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate. The palate of 8 horses was injected with sodium tetradecyl sulfate under videoendoscopic guidance. Palatal sclerotherapy resulted in resolution of the respiratory noise in 7 horses, improvement of performance in 6 horses, and mild side effects in only 3 horses. This preliminary study suggests that palatal sclerotherapy is a safe, repeatable, inexpensive, and promising technique that should be considered as an alternative to existing treatments of intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate.

Soft palate

Tolerability

Source

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Citations (5)

Alterations in cartilage type‐ii procollagen and aggrecan contents in synovial fluid in equine osteochondrosis

Journal of Orthopaedic Research® (2000)

Sheila Laverty Mirela Ionescu M. Marcoux L. Bouré Béatrice Doizé

Abstract The etiology and pathophysiology of osteochondrosis remain poorly understood because it is difficult to obtain material from lesions in the early stage of this disease and because there is no satisfactory experimental animal model. We wished to determine whether there are changes in articular cartilage turnover in equine osteochondrosis, which closely resembles the human disease, by assaying cartilage matrix molecules in synovial fluids. We used immunoassays that measure a keratan sulfate epitope and the epitope 846 on the cartilage proteoglycan aggrecan and the C‐propeptide of cartilage type‐II procollagen, which is released following the synthesis of this molecule, to analyse synovial fluids from equine tarsocrural joints with and without osteochondrosis. In young horses with osteochondrosis, there was a significant increase of C‐propeptide of type‐II procollagen accompanied by a decrease in the 846 and keratan sulfate epitopes. The results identify differential alterations in aggrecan and type‐II collagen turnover in the cartilage matrix in young animals with osteochondrosis that may contribute to the pathological degeneration of articular cartilage in this disease.

Aggrecan

Osteochondrosis

Keratan sulfate

Type II collagen

10.1002/jor.1100180311

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Citations (59)