Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have been wildly considered for positive effect of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the intake of n-3 PUFAs is not encouraging to draw firm conclusion through preclinical and clinical research. The contribution of debate is derived from interference of dietary n-3 PUFAs, because of controlling the components and ratio of dietary PUFAs difficultly. In this context, transgenic fat-1 mouse that is capable of converting n-6 to n-3 fatty acids by feeding high n-6 PUFAs diet, leading to balance high n-3/n-6 PUFAs ratio, with increasing endogenous n-3 PUFAs and decreasing n-6 PUFAs in their organs and tissues. Thus, fat-1 mice is an ideal model to study the efficacy and mechanism of n-3 PUFAs in AD research, without the interference of the inevitable factors from dietary n-3 PUFAs. The fat-1 transgenic mice have become a useful tool for studying the potential benefit of endogenous n-3 PUFAs in behavior and neuromechanism of AD.
Bioanalytik. Dingbin Liu et al. beschreiben in ihrem Forschungsartikel (e202204518) eine Reporterplattform, genannt iSHERLOCK, für den Fluoreszenznachweis von Lipidtröpfchen und HClO. Mittels iSHERLOCK wurden zwei Atherosklerosemarker quantitativ gemessen.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as biomarkers for the diagnosis of a variety of cancers. Since the currently used methods for miRNA detection have limitations, simple, sensitive, and cost-effective methods for the detection of miRNA are required. This work demonstrates a facile, quencher-free, fluorescence-based analytical method for cost-effective and sensitive detection of miRNA using a super 2-aminopurine (2-AP)-labeled hairpin probe (HP) and exonuclease I activity. Specifically, the fluorescence of 2-AP is strongly quenched when it is incorporated within DNA. In the presence of a target miRNA, HP attains an open conformation by hybridizing with the target miRNA to form a double-stranded structure with a protruding 3'-terminus. Next, the digestion of the protruding 3'-terminus is triggered by exonuclease I, during which 2-AP is released free in solution from the DNA, thereby increasing fluorescence. This method is highly sensitive, with a detection limit of 0.5 nM-10 times lower than a previously reported quencher-free fluorescence method. Furthermore, this method has potential applications in clinical diagnosis and biomedical research.
Abstract The formation of atherosclerotic plaques is the root cause of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Effective CVD interventions thus call for precise identification of the plaques to aid clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of such diseases. In this study, we introduce a dual‐target sequentially activated fluorescence reporting system, termed i n‐ s equence h igh‐sp e cificity dual‐ r eporter un lock ing (iSHERLOCK), to precisely identify the atherosclerotic plaques in vivo and ex vivo. ISHERLOCK was achieved by creating a three‐in‐one fluorescent probe that permits highly specific and sensitive detection of lipid droplets and hypochlorous acid via “off‐on” and ratiometric readouts, respectively. Based on this format, the upregulated lipid accumulation and oxidative stress—the two hallmarks of atherosclerosis (AS)—were specifically measured in the atherosclerotic plaques, breaking through the barrier of precise tissue biopsy of AS and thus aiding effective CVD stewardship.
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