To solve the key distribution problems in the IBC scheme, this paper proposes a new key distribution protocol based on HIBE key distribution protocol and part of keys manage, which improves the IBC scheme. A new secure E-mail scheme based on Identity-Based Cryptosystems is designed with the combination of GDH group signatures and key manage protocols. It ensures not only the confidentiality, integrity and authenticity, but also the non-repudiation and tracing of the e- mail owing to the improved PKG. The new scheme is compatible with the existing mail protocols and has some practicability as well as application prospects.
Most Cloth simulation systems are based on the spring-mass model at present.According to the internal force and external force of the cloth,the physical model is built.With this model,the dynamic simulation process of the cloth from non-balanceable state to balanceable state can be computed when collisions are not happened.Some common algorithms for cloth simulation such as Euler,Midpoint and 4 order Runge-Kutta are analysed and their properties are compared in the paper.
Abstract The rotating instability in a contra-rotating axial flow compressor is investigated by experiments. Twenty-four pressure sensors were installed on the casing to capture the unsteady flow in the rotor tip region simultaneously. A double-phase-locking technique suitable for the contra-rotating compressor was proposed to characterise the static pressure contours of the rotor tip. The mean and root-mean-square pressure contours indicate that rotating instability occurs before the rotating stall happened, and the rotor tip clearance vortex is located upstream of the rear rotor leading edge plane before stall. Fourier spectrum shows that rotating instability and rotating stall both happened under the stall condition, and the frequency band of rotating instability does not change with the flow rate. In the front rotor, the frequency of rotating instability is half of the blade passing frequency. It is verified that the modal estimation method can be implemented by using the average azimuthal phase velocity, which significantly reduced the number of pressure sensors required. Modal estimation results show that each peak of the rotating instability frequency band corresponds to a unique dominant circumferential mode. By optimising average azimuthal phase velocity, an improved modal estimation method is obtained, which can further improve the reliability of the modal estimation results.
Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR) through transcarotid approach for patients with severe aortic valve stenosis. Methods: The clinical data of 9 symptomatic severe aortic valve stenosis patients who had high or prohibitive risk for surgery and not suitable for TAVR through femoral artery access,and thus received TAVR through transcarotid approach in our hospital from November 2015 to February 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were followed up to observe the safety and efficacy of the procedure. Results: There were 4 male and 5 female patients in this cohort, and age was (75.7±8.7) years old. The Society of Thoracic Surgery (STS) scores were (7.9±1.6)%. All patients were treated by left carotid artery approach. One patient experienced valve dislodgement during the procedure and received surgery, and TAVR procedure was successful in the rest 8 patients. Two patients were implanted with permanent pacemaker because of third degree atrioventricular block during the procedure.One patient had cardiac arrest during the procedure and recovered after external chest compression.One patient developed severe carotid stenosis,and there was no clinical manifestation of nerve function deficit after the procedure. All patients were followed up at (30±3) days after the procedure, and there were no adverse events. The modified Rankin scale score was 0. Echocardiography examination showed that the tranvalvular mean gradient was reduced from (63.0±19.2)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) on baseline to (18.1±4.9)mmHg(P<0.001), 4 cases had mild paravalvular leakage, and there was no moderate or severe paravalvular leakage.The NYHA classes was significantly improved at 30 days when compared with before the procedure(2 cases class Ⅱ, 4 cases class Ⅲ,3 cases class Ⅳ before the procedure,and 5 cases classⅠ, 4 cases class Ⅱ after the procedure, P=0.006) , and left ventricular ejection fraction increased from (55.9±13.1)% to (60.4±10.0)% (P=0.030). Conclusion: Our initial experience indicates that transcarotid TAVR is safe and effective for patients with severe aortic valve stenosis.目的： 探讨经颈动脉途径行经导管主动脉瓣置换术（TAVR）治疗重度主动脉瓣狭窄的安全性和有效性。 方法： 纳入2015年11月至2017年2月在复旦大学附属中山医院经颈动脉途径行TAVR的症状性重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者（存在外科手术禁忌证或手术风险高危，且不适合经股动脉途径行TAVR）9例，对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。术后对患者进行随访，观察TAVR治疗重度主动脉瓣狭窄的有效性及安全性。 结果： 9例患者中，男性4例，年龄（75.7±8.7）岁，美国胸外科医师协会（STS）评分为（7.9±1.6）%。患者均经左颈动脉途径行TAVR。1例患者在术中发生瓣膜脱落，转行外科手术，其余患者均完成TAVR。2例患者术中因出现Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞，而植入永久起搏器。1例患者术中出现心脏骤停，胸外按压后生命体征恢复稳定。1例患者缝合左颈动脉后造影显示左颈总动脉严重狭窄，术后无神经功能损伤的临床表现。患者随访时间为术后（30±3）d，均未发生不良事件。患者的改良Rankin量表评分均为0分。超声心动图显示，8例成功行TAVR的患者主动脉瓣瓣膜均无反流；主动脉瓣跨瓣压差由术前的（63.0±19.2）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）降低至术后的（18.1±4.9）mmHg（P<0.001）；轻度瓣周漏4例，无中度以上瓣周漏。术后纽约心脏协会（NYHA）心功能分级较术前改善（术前Ⅱ级2例、Ⅲ级4例、Ⅳ级3例，术后Ⅰ级5例、Ⅱ级4例，P=0.006）。左心室射血分数由术前的（55.9±13.1）%升高至术后的（60.4±10.0）%（P=0.030）。 结论： 初步经验表明，对主动脉瓣狭窄患者经颈动脉行TAVR安全、有效。.
Although the conventional fuzzy PID controller can track and adjust the output of network adaptively, the effect of compensation is not obvious for time delay and packet dropout. To reduce the influence caused by time delay and packet dropout in networked control system (NCS), an improved Smith fuzzy PID controller based on TrueTime toolbox is proposed in this paper, the result of simulation showed this new model is more effective not only in obtaining better output performance in time delay and packet dropout, but also more stable and reliable in different protocols over conventional fuzzy PID controller.
Strawberry wine production is a considerable approach to solve the problem of the Chinese concentrated harvesting period and the short shelf life of strawberries, but the appropriative strawberry cultivars for fermentation are still undecided. In this study, the strawberry juice and wines of four typical strawberry cultivars named Akihime (ZJ), Sweet Charlie (TCL), Snow White (BX), and Tongzhougongzhu (TZ) were thoroughly characterized for their physicochemical indicators, bioactive compounds, and volatile organic components (VOCs) to determine the optimal strawberry cultivars for winemaking. The results showed that there were significant differences in the total sugar content, pH, total acid, and other physicochemical indexes in the strawberry juice of different cultivars, which further affected the physicochemical indexes of fermented strawberry wine. Moreover, the content of polyphenols, total flavonoids, vitamin C, and color varied among the four strawberry cultivars. A total of 42 VOCs were detected in the strawberry juice and wines using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), and 3-methyl-1-butanol, linalool, trans-2-pinanol, hexanoic acid, and hexanoic acid ethyl ester were the differential VOCs to identify the strawberry wine samples of different cultivars. Overall, strawberry cultivar ZJ had a relatively high VOC and bioactive compound content, indicating that it is the most suitable cultivar for strawberry wine fermentation. In addition to determining the relatively superior fermentation characteristics of cultivar ZJ, the results may provide a theoretical basis for the raw material quality control and quality improvement of strawberry wine.
Background Cancer is a serious threat to the whole of humanity. The Multi-Cancer Early Detection (MCED) test is expected to solve the problem of “Universal cancer screening”. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the MCED value of two MCED tests, YiDiXie™-HS and YiDiXie™-SS, in multiple cancer types. Patients and methods 11094 subjects were finally included in this study (the malignant tumor group, n = 4405; the normal control group, n = 6689). The malignant tumor group included all major solid and hematological malignant tumor types. The sensitivity and specificity of YiDiXie™-HS and YiDiXie™-SS were evaluated, respectively. Results The overall sensitivity of YiDiXie™-HS for different cancer types and stages was 90.1% (89.2% - 90.9%; 3971/4405), and its specificity was 89.7% (89.0% - 90.4%; 6002/6689). Its sensitivity increases with clinical stage: stage I, 85.6% (83.9% - 87.1%); stage II, 91.4% (89.6% - 93.0%); stage III, 93.9% (92.0% - 95.4%); and stage IV, 98.4% (96.9% - 99.2%). The overall sensitivity of YiDiXie™-SS for different cancer types and stages was 99.1% (98.8% - 99.3%; 4365/4405), and its specificity was 65.2% (64.0% - 66.3%; 4358/6689). Its sensitivity was basically comparable in each clinical stage: stage I, 98.6% (98.0% - 99.1%); stage II, 99.5% (98.9% - 99.8%); stage III, 99.5% (98.6% - 99.8%); stage IV, 99.8% (98.9% - 100.0%). Conclusion YiDiXie™-HS has a high sensitivity in all clinical stages of all cancer types. YiDiXie™-SS has an extremely high sensitivity in all clinical stages of all cancer types. YiDiXie™-HS and YiDiXie™-SS can replace existing cancer screening tests and are expected to solve the world problem of “Universal cancer screening”. Clinical trial number ChiCTR2200066840.
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