Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the optimal reperfusion strategy to manage ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Where timely primary PCI cannot be achieved, an initial pharmacological reperfusion strategy is recommended with subsequent transfer to a PCI-capable hospital. The study aim was to assess STEMI outcomes according to the interventional capability of the New Zealand hospital to which patients initially present.Nine thousand four hundred and eighty-eight New Zealand patients, aged 20-79 years, admitted with STEMI to a public hospital were identified. Patients were categorised into three groups-metropolitan hospitals with all-hours access to primary PCI (routine primary PCI cohort), metropolitan hospitals without routine access to PCI, and rural hospitals. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and major bleeding.Invasive coronary angiography was more frequent in the routine primary PCI cohort compared to metropolitan hospitals without routine access to PCI and rural hospitals (90.6 vs 83.0 vs 85.0% respectively; p<0.001) and occurred more commonly on the day of admission (78.9 vs 28.7 vs 25.7% respectively; p<0.001). There were no differences in multivariable adjusted all-cause mortality, MACE or major bleeding between patients admitted to any of the hospital groupings.Outcomes after STEMI in New Zealand are similar regardless of the interventional capability of the hospital where they first present.
Sweet potato leaf curl virus ( SPLCV ) infects sweet potato and is a member of the family Geminiviridae (genus Begomovirus ). SPLCV transmission occurs from plant to plant mostly via vegetative propagation as well as by the insect vector Bemisia tabaci . When sweet potato seeds were planted and cultivated in a whitefly‐free greenhouse, some sweet potato plants started to show SPLCV ‐specific symptoms. SPLCV was detected by PCR from all leaves and floral tissues that showed leaf curl disease symptoms. More than 70% of the seeds harvested from SPLCV ‐infected sweet potato plants tested positive for SPLCV . SPLCV was also identified from dissected endosperm and embryos. The transmission level of SPLCV from seeds to seedlings was up to 15%. Southern blot hybridization showed SPLCV ‐specific single‐ and double‐stranded DNA s in seedlings germinated from SPLCV ‐infected seeds. Taken altogether, the results show that SPLCV in plants of the tested sweet potato cultivars can be transmitted via seeds and SPLCV DNA can replicate in developing seedlings. This is the first seed transmission report of SPLCV in sweet potato plants and also, to the authors' knowledge, the first report of seed transmission for any geminivirus.
'%3e%3cg id='b'%3e%3cpath id='a' stroke='%23000' stroke-width='2' d='M-6-25H6m-12 3H6m-12 3H6'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' y='44'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0 17v10'/%3e%3ccircle r='12' fill='%23cd2e3a'/%3e%3cpath fill='%230047a0' d='M0-12A6 6 0 0 0 0 0a6 6 0 0 1 0 12 12 12 0 0 1 0-24z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cg transform='rotate(-123.69)'%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0-23.5v3M0 17v3.5m0 3v3'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(72 0 0)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(-72 0 0)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='scale(-1 1) rotate(72)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/defs%3e%3cpath fill='%23012169' d='M0 0h1200v600H0z'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23FFF' stroke-width='60' d='m0 0 600 300M0 300 600 0' clip-path='url(%23b)'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='40' d='m0 0 600 300M0 300 600 0' clip-path='url(%23c)'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23FFF' stroke-width='100' d='M300 0v300M0 150h600' clip-path='url(%23b)'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='60' d='M300 0v300M0 150h600' clip-path='url(%23b)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' fill='%23FFF' transform='matrix(45.4 0 0 45.4 900 120)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' fill='%23C8102E' transform='matrix(30 0 0 30 900 120)'/%3e%3cg transform='rotate(82 900 240)'%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' fill='%23FFF' transform='rotate(-82 519.022 -457.666) scale(40.4)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' fill='%23C8102E' transform='rotate(-82 519.022 -457.666) scale(25)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cg transform='rotate(82 900 240)'%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' fill='%23FFF' transform='rotate(-82 668.57 -327.666) scale(45.4)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' fill='%23C8102E' transform='rotate(-82 668.57 -327.666) scale(30)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' fill='%23FFF' transform='matrix(50.4 0 0 50.4 900 480)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' fill='%23C8102E' transform='matrix(35 0 0 35 900 480)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)