［1］Egenhofer M J,Franzosa R D. Point-set topological spatial relations. International Journal of Geographical Information System, 1991,5(2): 161～174 ［2］Egenhofer M J, Frank A. Object-oriented modelling in GIS: inheritance and propagation. In: Proceedings of Auto-Carto 9. USA: Baltimore, 1989. 588～598 ［3］Kainz W, Egenhofer M J, Greasley I. Modelling spatial relations and operations with partially order sets and lattices. International Journal of Geographical Information System, 1993,7(3) :215～ 229 ［4］Worboys M F. A Model for spatio-temporal information.In: Proceedings of 5th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling. USA: Charleston, 1992a. 602～611 ［5］Worboys M F. Object-oriented models of spatio-temporal information. In: Proceedings of GIS/LIS '92,1992b. 825～ 834 ［6］Worboys M F, Hearnshaw H M, Maguire D J. Object-oriented data modelling for spatial databases. International Journal of Geographical In formation System, 1990,4(4)369～383 ［7］Zhang M W. Temporal geographical information system techniques for monitoring landcover change: [ M S Dissertation]. ITC, The Netherlands, 1993. ［8］Zhang M W, Shi W Z. Modelling spatial, temporal and attribute aspects of object in GIS. In: Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing. GIS and GPS in Sustainable Development and Environment Monitoring. Hong Kong, 1995. 583～591 ［9］Zhang M W, Shi W Z. Implementation of a Conceptual Model for Handling Geographical Information. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium of LIESMARS. China, Wuhan, 1995. 161 ～ 169
［1］Kunii T L, Satoh T, Yamaguchi K. Generation of topological representations for octree encoding. IEEE CG & A, 1995,29～38 ［2］Li R X. Data structures and application issues in 3-D geographic information systems. Geomatica, 1994:209～224 ［3］Mortenson M E. Geometric Modeling. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1985 ［4］Raper J. Three dimensional applications in geographic information systems. New York:Talyor & Francis, 1989 ［5］Shi W Z. Statistical modeling uncertainties of three-dimensional GIS features. G eoinformatics' 95 Hong Kong,1995. 695～701
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)
'%3e%3ccircle r='20' fill='%23008'/%3e%3ccircle r='17.5' fill='%23fff'/%3e%3ccircle r='3.5' fill='%23008'/%3e%3cg id='d'%3e%3cg id='c'%3e%3cg id='b'%3e%3cg id='a' fill='%23008'%3e%3ccircle r='.875' transform='rotate(7.5 -8.75 133.5)'/%3e%3cpath d='M0 17.5.6 7 0 2l-.6 5L0 17.5z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(15)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b' transform='rotate(30)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23c' transform='rotate(60)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' transform='rotate(120)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' transform='rotate(-120)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)
'/%3e%3c/defs%3e%3cpath fill='%23012169' d='M0 0h10080v5040H0z'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='.6' d='m0 0 6 3m0-3L0 3' clip-path='url(%23b)' transform='scale(840)'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23e4002b' stroke-width='.4' d='m0 0 6 3m0-3L0 3' clip-path='url(%23c)' transform='scale(840)'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='840' d='M2520 0v2520M0 1260h5040'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23e4002b' stroke-width='504' d='M2520 0v2520M0 1260h5040'/%3e%3cg fill='%23fff'%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' x='2520' y='3780'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' x='7560' y='4200'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' x='6300' y='2205'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' x='7560' y='840'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' x='8680' y='1869'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23e' x='8064' y='2730'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)
'%3e%3cpath fill='%23012169' d='M0 0v30h60V0z'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='6' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='4' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30' clip-path='url(%23b)'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='10' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='6' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)
'%3e%3cg id='b'%3e%3cpath id='a' stroke='%23000' stroke-width='2' d='M-6-25H6m-12 3H6m-12 3H6'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' y='44'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0 17v10'/%3e%3ccircle r='12' fill='%23cd2e3a'/%3e%3cpath fill='%230047a0' d='M0-12A6 6 0 0 0 0 0a6 6 0 0 1 0 12 12 12 0 0 1 0-24z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cg transform='rotate(-123.69)'%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0-23.5v3M0 17v3.5m0 3v3'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)