Liver carcinoma is a common malignant tumor. In this study, an orthotopic liver carcinoma model was established by B-ultrasound, and the therapeutic effect of sinomenine (Sin) on the disease was investigated.
Esophageal foreign body impaction is a notable clinical emergency. If the high‑risk esophageal foreign bodies are not removed in time, life‑threatening complications, such as perforation, infection and injury to the vessels, may occur. In the present study, the case of a patient experiencing a foreign body sensation in the throat after ingesting a fish bone by mistake is presented. A high risk of impending arterial puncture was confirmed using thoracic CT and thoracic aorta CT angiography scanning. The ends of the fish bone were first confirmed using a fibro‑bronchoscopy light source passing through the bronchial and esophageal walls, before biopsy forceps were used to successively free the thoracic aorta and bronchial ends under gastroscopy. Finally, the fish bone was safely removed using a combination of gastroscopy and the rarely used fibro‑bronchoscopy, and the patient recovered well after standard care. In certain cases of foreign bodies, it is necessary to use multiple strategies in a timely manner according to the type and location of the ingested foreign body.
Abstract Lead halide perovskite materials have great potential for photocatalytic reaction due to their low fabrication cost, unique optical absorption coefficient, and suitable band structures. However, the main problems are the toxicity and instability of the lead halide perovskite materials. Therefore, a facile synthetic method is used to prepare lead‐free environmentally friendly Cs 2 TiX 6 (X = Cl, Cl 0.5 Br 0.5 , Br) perovskite materials. Their structural and optical characteristics are systematically investigated. The band gaps of the produced samples are illustrated to be from 1.87 to 2.73 eV. Moreover, these materials can keep high stability in harsh environments such as illumination and heating, and the Cs 2 Ti(Cl 0.5 Br 0.5 ) 6 microcrystals demonstrate the yields of 176 µmol g −1 for CO and 78.9 µmol g −1 for CH 4 after light irradiation for 3 h, which is of the first report of Ti‐based perovskite photocatalysts. This finding demonstrates that the Ti‐based perovskites will create opportunities for photocatalytic applications, which may offer a new idea to construct low‐cost, eco‐friendly, and bio‐friendly photocatalysts.
Several studies have reported that dietary fibers (DFs) from plants may exert beneficial effects on inflammatory bowel disease. In the present study, we investigated the structural differences of soluble DF (inulin) and insoluble DF (microcrystalline cellulose, MCC) and their effects on the intestinal barrier integrity, gut microbiota community, and inflammation response in mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Mice were fed for 21 days with diets containing inulin or MCC (2.5 g/kg body weight), and colitis was induced by administration of DSS (4% w/v) in drinking water during the last 8 days of experimentation. The results showed that inulin and MCC differ in morphology and structure. MCC exhibited a smaller particle size, a larger specific surface area, and higher thermal stability than inulin. In addition, both inulin and MCC restored various physical signs (body weight, colon weight and length, disease activity index score, and infiltration of inflammatory cells), gut barrier function (as evidenced by the increased expression of claudin-3, claudin-7, ZO-2, occludin, JAM-2, and MUC-3 and the decreased activity of myeloperoxidase activity), downregulation of mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines (caspase-1, NLPR3, TLR4, TNF-α, and IL-1β), and modulation of colon microbiota community. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that DFs differ in morphology and structure and ameliorate DSS-induced colitis in mice by blocking proinflammatory cytokines, reinforcing gut barrier integrity, and modulating gut microbiota. Therefore, DFs, especially inulin, are promising dietary supplements to alleviate intestinal inflammation.
Abstract In this study, a new type of lead‐free double perovskite Cs 2 TeBr 6 combined with metal‐free semiconductor g‐C 3 N 4 heterojunction is constructed and used for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction for the first time. The S‐scheme charge transfer mechanism between Cs 2 TeBr 6 and g‐C 3 N 4 is systematically verified by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron spin resonance (ESR) and in situ Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT‐IR). The formation of S‐type heterojunction makes the photocatalyst have higher charge separation ability and highest redox ability. The results show that 5%‐CTB/CN heterojunction material has the best photocatalytic reduction effect on CO 2 under visible light irradiation. After 3 h of illumination, the yield of CO and CH 4 are 468.9 µmol g −1 and 61.31 µmol g −1 , respectively. The yield of CO is 1.5 times and 32 times that of pure Cs 2 TeBr 6 and g‐C 3 N 4 , and the yield of CH 4 is doubled compared with pure Cs 2 TeBr 6 . However, g‐C 3 N 4 almost does not produce CH 4 , which indicates that the construction of heterojunction helps to further improve the photocatalytic performance of the material. This study provides a new idea for the preparation of Cs 2 TeBr 6 /g‐C 3 N 4 heterojunction and its effective interfacial charge separation.
Lead halide perovskites are prospective candidates for CO2 photoconversion. Herein, we report copper-doped lead-free Cs2AgSbCl6 double perovskite microcrystals (MCs) for gas-solid phase photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The 0.2Cu@Cs2AgSbCl6 double perovskite MCs display unprecedented CO2 photoreduction capability with CO and CH4 yields of 412 and 128 μmol g−1, respectively. The ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy reveals the enhanced separation of photoexcited carriers in copper-doped Cs2AgSbCl6 MCs. The active sites and reaction intermediates on the surface of the doped Cs2AgSbCl6 are dynamically monitored and precisely unraveled based on the in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigation. In combination with density functional theory calculations, it is revealed that the copper-doped Cs2AgSbCl6 MCs facilitate sturdy CO2 adsorption and activation and strikingly enhance the photocatalytic performance. This work offers an in-depth interpretation of the photocatalytic mechanism of Cs2AgSbCl6 doped with copper, which may provide guidance for future design of high-performance photocatalysts for solar fuel production.
Multi system symptoms such as gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract exist in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. There is a lack of reliable evidence to prove that probiotics are effective in improving these symptoms. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in meta-analysis.We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to February 15, 2023. Randomized controlled trials or high quality retrospective studies comparing the efficacy of probiotics as supplementation with non-probiotics in improving symptoms for patients with COVID-19 were included. This meta-analysis assessed endpoints using Review Manager 5.3.Ten citations comprising 1198 patients with COVID-19 were included. The results showed that probiotics could increase the number of people with overall symptom improvement (RR = 1.62, 95% CI [1.10, 2.38], P = 0.01) and shorten the duration (days) of overall symptoms (MD = -1.26, 95% CI [-2.36, -0.16], P = 0.02). For the duration (days) of specific symptoms, probiotics could improve diarrhea (MD = -2.12, 95% CI [-2.41, -1.83], P < 0.00001), cough (MD = -2.21, 95% CI [-4.56, 0.13], P = 0.06) and shortness of breath (MD = -1.37, 95% CI [-2.22, -0.53], P = 0.001). Probiotics had no obvious effect on fever, headache and weakness. For inflammation, probiotics could effectively reduce C-reactive Protein (CRP) serum level (mg/L) (MD = -4.03, 95% CI [-5.12, -2.93], P < 0.00001). Regarding hospital stay (days), probiotics group was shorter than non-probiotics group (MD = -0.98, 95% CI [-1.95, -0.01], P = 0.05).To some extent probiotics could improve the overall symptoms, inflammatory reaction and shorten hospital stay of patients with COVID-19. Probiotics may improve gastrointestinal symptoms (such as improving intestinal flora and reducing the duration of diarrhea) and further improve respiratory symptoms through the gut-lung axis.https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=398309, identifier: CRD42023398309.
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