María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez

Universidad de Granada

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Jonathan Cortés‐Martín

Universidad de Granada

Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque

Universidad de Granada

Juan Carlos Sánchez-García

Universidad de Granada

Jacqueline Schmidt-RíoValle

Universidad de Granada

Emilio González‐Jiménez

Universidad de Granada

Silvia Navarro-Prado

Universidad de Granada

Juan González Hernández

Universidad de Granada

Ana Eugenia Marín-Jiménez

Universidad de Granada

María Montiel-Troya

Universidad de Granada

Lourdes Díaz‐Rodríguez

Universidad de Granada

Cooperative Institutions

Universidad de Granada

Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada

Junta de Andalucía

Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves

Andalusian Health Service

Universidad de Navarra

Universidad de Málaga

Ministerio de Educación Cultura y Deporte

Universidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez

Technological Corporation of Andalusia

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Analysis of University Student Motivation in Cross-Border Contexts

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (2023)

Lionel Sánchez-Bolívar Silvia Navarro-Prado María Angustías Sánchez‐Ojeda Victoria García‐Morales Jonathan Cortés‐Martín

The development of the personality of university students can determine their affinities for certain disciplines; therefore, it is important to know their specific socio-demographic and motivational profile, what motivates them to start a certain university degree and what encourages them to continue with it, which can help to adapt the teaching methodology. A total of 292 university students from the University of Granada (Ceuta and Melilla campuses) participated in this quantitative study with a descriptive, cross-sectional design, in which motivation and social skills were analysed. Among the results, it can be highlighted that the student population is mainly female, with a higher level of motivation. Sociability, communication, thinking (optimistic or pessimistic), empathy and self-confidence are skills that affect university students’ motivation levels. This study highlights the importance and impact of students’ motivation on their learning and the development of their social competence, so it is essential to carry out educational interventions that promote these types of skills, especially in cross-border contexts, which can be demotivating environments.

Affect

Pessimism

10.3390/ijerph20115924

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Advancements in Pharmacological Interventions and Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Biomedicines (2024)

María Montiel-Troya Himan Mohamed-Mohamed Teresa Pardo-Moreno Ana González-Díaz Azahara Rúger-Navarrete

(1) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease in which the patient suffers from an affection of both upper and lower motor neurons at the spinal and brainstem level, causing a progressive paralysis that leads to the patient's demise. Gender is also considered a predisposing risk factor for developing the disease. A brief review of the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease is also described in this work. Despite the fact that a cure for ALS is currently unknown, there exists a variety of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies that can help reduce the progression of the disease over a certain period of time and alleviate symptoms. (2) We aim to analyze these pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies through a systematic review. A comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to treatment is necessary. (3) Drugs such as riluzole, edaravone, and sodium phenylbutyrate, among others, have been investigated. Additionally, it is important to stay updated on research on new drugs, such as masitinib, from which very good results have been obtained. (4) Therapies aimed at psychological support, speech and language, and physical therapy for the patient are also available, which increase the quality of life of the patients.

10.3390/biomedicines12102200

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Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome Type Arthrochalasia: A Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (2022)

Marta Martín-Martín Jonathan Cortés‐Martín María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez Juan Carlos Sánchez-García Lourdes Díaz‐Rodríguez

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type arthrochalasia (aEDS) is a rare genetic disease characterized by severe generalized joint hypermobility, bilateral congenital hip dislocation, skin hyperextensibility, muscle hypotonia, and mild dysmorphic features. It is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disease causing defects in collagen, associated with two genes, COL1A1 or COL1A2. Only about 42 cases have been published worldwide. Treatment is currently symptomatic and focuses on increasing the quality of life of these patients, as there is no curative treatment. The main objective of the review was to update information on Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type arthrochalasia from scientific publications. The review report was carried out in accordance with the criteria of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA) review protocol, by searching Orphanet, OMIM, PubMed, and Scopus, as well as free sources. A total of 20 articles were analyzed, which, after analysis, provide an updated report that aims to establish a solid starting point for future lines of research.

Joint hypermobility

Ehlers–Danlos syndrome

Rare disease

10.3390/ijerph19031870

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Citations (8)

Latent Tuberculosis in Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hygiene (2024)

Marta Garzón Prados Laura Jiménez Sampelayo María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez Juan Carlos Sánchez-García Jonathan Cortés‐Martín

Tuberculosis (TB) is a dangerous disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its transmission occurs through aerosols, making healthcare workers particularly vulnerable to it. At the San Cecilio Clinical University Hospital in Granada (HUCSC), preventive measures such as the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and IGRA (interferon-gamma release assay) tests were implemented to detect latent tuberculosis infection. At HUCSC, between 2022 and 2024, 4.75% (92/1936) of workers were found to have positive IGRA test results, with no significant differences observed between professional categories. However, variability in positive IGRA rates was noted across different medical departments, with pulmonology and sample handling being the most affected. Additionally, a relationship was found between age and the likelihood of obtaining a positive IGRA test result. These findings underscore the importance of targeted preventive measures and a multifaceted approach to controlling and preventing tuberculosis in workplace environments.

Cross-sectional study

Health Professionals

10.3390/hygiene4040032

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Evaluation of Lactobacillus Coryniformis K8 Consumption by Health Care Workers Exposed to COVID-19 (LactoCor2 Project): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

JMIR Research Protocols (2023)

Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque Juan Carlos Sánchez-García Ángel Cobos Vargas M Socorro Leyva Martínez Silvia Martínez Diz

Background Lactobacillus coryniformis K8 CECT5711 has immune-modulating properties, enhances the immune response to viral antigens leading to the production of specific antibodies, and has anti-inflammatory activity, which may help to prevent uncontrolled inflammatory processes leading to respiratory and other organ failures. Objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the consumption of a probiotic strain on the incidence and severity of COVID-19 in health personnel who carry out their professional work among patients with infection or suspected infection by SARS-CoV-2. Methods This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial in which the experimental group will receive a capsule of L coryniformis K8 per day (3×109 colony former units/day), and the control group will receive a daily placebo capsule consisting of maltodextrin. A sample size of 314 volunteers was calculated. Volunteers must meet the following inclusion criteria: older than 20 years and active health personnel caring for patients with COVID-19, including all professionals such as medical doctors, nurses, and caretakers at the 2 referral hospitals that treat patients with COVID-19. The main outcome of the clinical trial will be the incidence of symptomatic infection by SARS-CoV-2 in personnel who care for patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Results The study had to be extended to the 2 referral hospitals that treat patients with COVID-19 in the province of Granada (Andalusia, Spain); Hospital San Cecilio and Hospital Virgen de las Nieves. A total of 255 individuals met the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to one of the 2 groups. Conclusions The results of this randomized controlled trial will provide valuable information regarding the administration of L coryniformis K8 against COVID-19, including whether there are fewer infectious processes due to this virus or, in case of occurrence, whether the disease is milder in participants taking the probiotic strain. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04366180; http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04366180 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/37857

10.2196/37857

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Influence of an Educational Intervention on Eating Habits in School-Aged Children

Children (2022)

María José Menor-Rodríguez Jonathan Cortés‐Martín Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez María José Aguilar Cordero

A health promotion intervention directed at preventing unhealthy habits in relation to physical exercise, hygiene habits, diet and personal relationships can lead to a decrease in diseases during adulthood and obtaining a better quality of life. The intervention had a participative and multidisciplinary nature, and it was developed by health professionals, teachers and parents for school children. It promoted healthy lifestyle habits around food by working on four areas through video lessons, interactive talks, practical and theoretical–practical classes and an individual project on behalf of the student where they had to design healthy menus. We randomly selected, by stratified multistage sampling, three public primary education schools. A sample of 479 students registered during the 2014/2015 academic year aged between 6–12 years were included in the study. After the educational intervention, we found a significant reduction in the BMI of the students (p < 0.001). For breakfast, the overweight or obese children modified their usual food consumption after the intervention for a healthier breakfast based on fruit juice and bread instead of sugary snacks (p < 0.001). Regarding eating habits during the mid-morning break, there was a decrease in the consumption of sugary snacks (p < 0.001) and an increase in the consumption of fruits and sandwiches. We found that, after the intervention, the excessive consumption of pasta for the main meal reduced in favor of an increase in the consumption of proteins and different beans and pulses (p > 0.001). Educational interventions on healthy lifestyle habits carried out in children during their early years improve and correct unhealthy habits.

Consumption

10.3390/children9040574

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Evolution of the COVID-19 Pandemic after the Introduction of School Referral Nurses in the Province of Granada—A Descriptive Study

Children (2022)

Juan Carlos Sánchez-García Ana Eugenia Marín-Jiménez María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez Jonathan Cortés‐Martín María Montiel-Troya

The aim of this research is to describe the evolution of the pandemic in a school context, following the introduction of school nurses into the educational setting.The first wave of COVID-19 in Spain prevented social interaction by imposing lockdowns on the population. All non-essential activities, including face-to-face education, were interrupted, affecting the school-aged population during the second and third trimester of the 2019/2020 school year. Schools are places where prevention, identification and case management measures should be rapidly implemented.This is a prospective and descriptive study using a quantitative method to study the school population of Granada and its province during the school year 2020/2021, from September 2020 to May 2021. The study participants were all schools under the jurisdiction of the Territorial Delegation of Education of Granada, whether public, private, state-subsidised or charter schools, including all educational stages.The confirmation rate in Granada city (11.2%), in contrast to the Andalusian average (6.9%), places Granada as the province with the highest incidence rate. The infection rates among teachers show the same confirmation rate as the general population of Granada (9%); however, among students this rate is lower (7%). There is a higher incidence of outbreaks taking place outside school and a lower incidence of outbreaks occurring within the school environment. Both partial and total outbreaks are more frequent in early childhood education.The early identification and management of reported suspected cases of COVID-19 in schools is proving effective in preventing infection in the school population, achieving good pandemic control in schools, and reducing the number of outbreaks and people affected. Schools have been confirmed to be safe. Establishing screening for asymptomatic schoolchildren could be a tool to improve control in schools.

Pandemic

Descriptive research

10.3390/children9111646

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COVID-19 in Pregnant Women, Maternal—Fetal Involvement, and Vertical Mother-to-Child Transmission: A Systematic Review

Biomedicines (2022)

Juan Carlos Sánchez-García Nuria Pilar Carrascosa Moreno María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez Jonathan Cortés‐Martín Antonio Liñán-González

Pregnant women are included in the COVID-19 risk groups even if they do not have any pathology. This requires an analysis of research focused on pregnant women to understand the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on their condition. There is also a need to know whether there is vertical mother-to-child transmission, as well as other consequences in case the pregnant woman is infected and COVID-19 positive. A systematic review was carried out to analyze the existing information on the complications of a pregnant woman infected with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and the possibility of vertical transmission from mother to child, registered in the PROSPERO website and searched in the PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases. Finally, 22 articles were included in the review. The review suggests that vertical transmission from mother to child could be exceptionally possible at the time of delivery or breastfeeding, but not through the placenta. It is interesting to point out the good acceptance of vaccination by pregnant women, which may be the reason for the low infectivity. Further research on pregnant women should be carried out to provide evidence on vertical mother-to-child transmission and the role of breast milk in relation to SARS-CoV-2.

CINAHL

10.3390/biomedicines10102554

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Citations (12)

Socio-demographic analysis of status and level of nutrition and physical activity in two schools in Granada (Spain).

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (2017)

María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez María A. Martín-Cuesta Emilio González‐Jiménez Jacqueline Schmidt-RíoValle

Objectives: Currently, nutritional habits and the lifestyle of Spanish schoolchildren have undergone important changes. This study aimed to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics, eating habits and physical activity of schoolchildren of two different schools and determine possible differences in nutritional status and body composition, as well as nutrition and physical activity level of school children. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 114 schoolchildren between 8 and 13 years old, from Granada, Spain. An assessment of the nutritional status was performed by anthropometry and an analysis of body composition by bioelectrical impedance. Two questionnaires were used, one ad hoc about sociodemographic and nutritional data and the Krece-Plus test to assess nutritional status and physical activity. Results: There are no noteworthy significant differences in the nutritional habits of schoolchildren in both centers, most performed five daily meals. There are significant differences in the use of transport to go to school; schoolchildren of the Albayzin attend to school walking everyday, with a higher prevalence of low weight and ideal fat percentage lower than recommended. On the other hand, the schoolchildren in the center of the capital have low regular physical activity and nutritional status. There are sociodemographic differences between the two populations of students, both comply with the recommendations on the number of daily intakes. Conclusion: Students who reside in the center of Granada are more sedentary than their counterparts in the Albayzin and have a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity. Students of the Albayzin have better nutrition and physical activity level.

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis

Cross-sectional study

10.19230/jonnpr.1357

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Citations (1)

Body composition in a population of school adolescents: A comparison of simple anthropometric methods and bioelectrical impedance

Endocrinología Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed ) (2017)

María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez Emilio González‐Jiménez Celia Martí‐García Jacqueline Schmidt-RíoValle

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis

Body Fat Percentage

Sexual dimorphism

10.1016/j.endien.2017.10.005

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Citations (6)