Section I. Foundations of Transition Programs 1. Historical and Legislative Foundations - Michael L. Hardman and Shirley Ann Dawson 2. Expected Outcomes and Emerging Values - Margret A. Crockett and Michael L. Hardman 3. The Role of Secondary Education in Transition - Margret A. Crockett and Michael L. Hardman Section II. Curriculum and Transition Planning 4. Curriculum - John McDonnell 5. Developing IEPs/Transition Plans - Shamby Polychronis and John McDonnell 6. Promoting Self-Determination - Jayne McGuire 7. Parent and Family Involvement - Andrea P. McDonnell and Catherine Nelson Section III. Instruction and Educational Supports 8. Inclusion in General Education Classes - John McDonnell and Brigid E. Brown 9. Instruction in Community Settings - John McDonnell Section IV. Critical Program Components 10. Home and Community Living - J. Matt Jameson and John McDonnell 11. Leisure and Recreation - Tessie Rose 12. Employment Training - John McDonnell 13. Job Placement - John McDonnell Section V. Postschool Options 14. Postschool Residential Alternatives - Tim Riesen 15. Postschool Employment Alternatives - Tim Riesen 16. Transition to Postsecondary Education - John McDonnell, Sharlene A. Kiuhara, and Margaret Collier Developing IEPs/Transition Plans - Shamby Polychronis, John McDonnell Expected Outcomes and Emerging Values - Margret Crockett, Michael Hardman Historical and Legislative Foundations - Michael Hardman, Shirley Dawson Home and Community Living - J Jameson, John McDonnell Instruction in Community Settings - John McDonnell Leisure and Recreation - Tessie Rose Parent and Family Involvement - Andrea McDonnell, Catherine Nelson Promoting Self-Determination - Jayne McGuire The Role of Secondary Education in Transition - Margret Crockett, Michael Hardman Transition to Postsecondary Education - John McDonnell, Sharlene Kiuhara, Margaret Collier Postschool Residential Alternatives - Tim Riesen
Urban Agriculture (UA), i.e., the production of crops or rearing of livestock in cities, is growing in popularity. Upscaled UA is increasingly gaining support from policy makers, funders, local authorities and other key actors across the globe. Radical forms of the concept, in the form of edible rooftops, urban farms and high-tech growing projects, are becoming more commonplace in our cityscapes; enabling production on a level not witnessed previously. With the mainstreaming of large-scale UA comes the potential to further the social, environmental and economic value of the practice, through job creation, biodiversity enhancement, the creation of short food supply chains and other benefits. Yet, despite this growth, there are barriers to upscaling city farming. Evidence suggests that a core issue surrounds urban soil contamination and hesitation with regards to crops in the city. This paper uses a qualitative approach to explore the UK’s largest urban farm and a spectrum of other UA sites to illustrate such barriers. We reveal how public hesitation, financial barriers and soil quality prevent development. We reflect on the breadth of the issue and call for a more pragmatic approach to these barriers. In doing so, we propose a path forward for enabling UA at scale.
With the global population projected to continue growing, there are concerns that health services are beginning to be stretched beyond working limits, particularly in the Global North, where many nations face ageing populations and similar obstacles. One suggested radical method to tackle these issues would be to provide access to Green Infrastructure (GI) interventions, including the development of social farms, particularly within urban areas and across deprived communities; enabling conventional health services to be supplemented by nature-based therapy. Social farms incapsulate this ideology, by enabling spaces for farming practices to also be used for therapeutic outcomes: providing care, rehabilitation, and even educational programmes. This focuses around the concept of social prescribing, with activities within social farms, amongst other spaces, such as community gardens and urban farms, acting as non-medical approaches to aid people with mental health or related conditions. Currently, research across social farming and social prescribing is relatively novel and therefore tends to be based in Scandinavian countries or the USA, in which these spaces are more readily available. This paper focuses on the concept of social farming, which has received increased attention in the UK context, particularly within the Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) recent 25-year Environment Plan. The paper argues that there is a need for development of this practice within urban settings, with findings showing an agglomeration of sites in the rural context. In addition, we discuss tools for development and barriers, to illustrate opportunities for the future.
Preface. 1. Understanding People with Severe Disabilities. 2. Valuing People with Severe Disabilities: Toward Effective Education and Community Service Systems. 3. Family, Friends, and Society: Supporting People with Severe Disabilities. 4. Biomedical Issues. 5. Multicultural and Diversity Issues. 6. Assistive Technology, Susan S. Johnston. 7. Positive Behavioral Support, Robert E. O'Neill. 8. Early Intervention Programs for Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities and Their Families. 9. Programs for Preschool Children. 10. Elementary Programs, John McDonnell and Richard Kiefer-O'Donnell. 11. Secondary Programs. 12. Adult Service Programs. 13. Programs for Older Adults. Author Index. Subject Index.
Journal Article RUSKIN'S ‘MASSY COMMONSENSE’ Get access M. Hardman M. Hardman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The British Journal of Aesthetics, Volume 16, Issue 2, SPRING 1976, Pages 137–143, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjaesthetics/16.2.137 Published: 01 February 1976
How do families cope, adapt, and grow through the challenge of living with a child with a disability? How do family members nurture and support the developmental journey to adulthood? When a child has a disability, it affects the parents and other family members as individuals, the family as a system, and the parental role. This book examines the questions above as it focuses on understanding families and addressing communication and collaboration between family members. Topics include: the family as an interactive unit, stress, coping, day-to-day issues, the family within the community, the early childhood years, schools, and more. Parents, educators, and therapists.
Abstract Consumer goods manufacturers regularly spend millions of dollars annually on sales promotions such as couponing, rebates, sweepstakes, and other premium offers. Although the impact of advertising on consumer purchase behavior has been documented in the marketing literature, the impact of promotions on purchase behavior has received relatively little attention. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between brand loyalty, purchase involvement, product experience, and their impact on the efficacy of consumer promotions. The results show that sales promotions have applications beyond their traditional role as short-term promotional tools. Managerial implications as well as suggestions for future research are discussed.
This article extends Qviström's (2007; Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography 89 (3): 269–282) ideas concerning "landscapes out of order" within a re‐discovering and re‐imagining of spatial planning theory and practice. Taking the viewpoint that planners and decision‐makers order and manage space in prescribed and constrained ways, the article argues that this can hinder innovative practices which have the potential to deliver significant societal and environmental benefits. Using case studies from permaculture and guerrilla gardening, we illustrate how planning practice can be rooted in confrontation and legal challenge rather than with more positive and inclusive approaches, as is envisaged within spatial planning theory. Clearly, the ways in which such initiatives intersect with the planning system raise important questions about joined‐up policy across scales and sectors, and the ability of planning to be a proactive vehicle of environmental and social change. Our findings confirm that spatial planning theory is largely "disintegrated" (Scott et al. 2013; Progress in Planning 83: 1–52) from much contemporary planning and environmental practice and wider discourses of sustainability. This suggests an urgent re‐examination of the spirit and purpose of planning to embrace and promote the new even where they challenge established orthodoxy and planning order.
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