Nonimmune rhesus were readily infected by administration of SV40 by intranasal (i.n.), subcutaneous (s.c.), or intragastric (i.g.) route. Viremia, demonstrable in animals of all three groups, occurred earlier and with higher titers in the s.c. group. Neutralizing and viral CF antibodies appeared in all inoculated rhesus and T antibodies in 14 of 16. Viruria was detected in three of six of the s.c. group, most commonly in the third week after inoculation. Virus neutralizing activity occurred in the urine at or after 9 weeks postinoculation and was not confined to previously viruric animals. Virus was isolated from kidney of one rhesus from biopsy cultures performed 29–31 weeks after inoculation. Three rhesus fetuses which were given SV40 intracerebrally and subcutaneously at about 90 days of gestation had, at or soon after birth, high titers of antibodies and no tumors. In the single surviving infant, antibody titers did not fall in the first 11 weeks of life.
Quite different patterns of brain abnormality result from impaired tissue energy availabilities of different severities. Unfortunately, no nomenclature exists which adequately differentiates between these disparate energy deficiency states. Thus, it is proposed to designate any state of abnormal tissue energy availability as a dysergic state, basing the term on the Greek prefix dys -, signifying a disorder or malady of, and the Greek word ergon , meaning to work. Hypoergia and anergia may designate states of impaired and absent tissue energy availability, respectively. Still further attention to definition of terms is demanded since several other specific pathophysiologic states which define specific patterns of brain abnormality remain frequently misused. Though the distinction between anoxia and hypoxia is a very old one, a frequent confusion of these terms still remains. Let it therefore be reemphasized that anoxia implies a total lack of oxygen availability to the tissues, while hypoxia implies only its reduced presence
Laboratory of Perinatal Physiology, National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
