In order to develop and utilize the germplasms of chewing cane(Saccharum officinarum), the genetic diversity of 18 quality traits of 42 chewing cane germplasms was studied, and their agronomic traits were cluster analyzed. The results showed that genetic diversity indexes of quality traits were high, among which the internode color after exposed and bud shape were the highest at 2.074 – 2.011, and those of hair group in leaf sheath, bud bit, internode colour before exposed, internode shape were 1.428 –1.6153, those of leaf posture, wax band, inner auricle shape were 1.1918 – 1.2869, and those of stalk shape, leaf stripping, outer auricle shape were the lowest at 0.3712. Cluster analysis showed that all 42 germplasms of chewing cane could be divided into 4 groups by agronomic traits, including high stalk and dense type, medium diameter and stalk type, medium to large diameter and high stalk type, and short stalk and sparse type. These could provide scientific basis for variety breeding of chewing cane.
Mintang 01-77was a new sugarcane variety,a cross between ROC20and YC84-153.It was high on yield and sucrose content,and widely adaptable.The results from various farming sites for several years showed that it had the characteristics of good germination,strong tillering,good ratooning,and a high mean cane yield of 122 257 kg·hm-2(i.e.,5.24% higher than the control).Its sucrose content was 14.88%in December,and sugar yield was 18.197t·hm-2(i.e.,4.43% higher than the standard control for Fujian).
Mintang 02-205 was selected from the cross combination Yacheng 90-3×ROC10, and it was as a new sugarcane variety with early maturity, high yield, high sucrose content and wide adaptability. The results from different sites for several years showed that its mean cane yield was 120.810 t/ha, and increased by 16.2% in comparison with ROC22. Sucrose content of cane was 15.87% during the period of Nov. to Jan., and increased by 0.17%, 0.22% in comparison with that of ROC22 and ROC16, respectively. Sugar yield was 19.172 t/ha, increased by 20.7% and 2.2% in comparison with that of ROC22 and ROC16 in Fujian Province.
Blight disease is one of the fungus diseases in Abelmoschus esculentus,the occurrence of which would cause serious yield and quality decrease of Abelmoschus esculentus. This paper described the symptom,pathogen and occurrence regularity for blight disease of Abelmoschus esculentus,and control measures was summarized.
Mintang 97-301 selected from the cross combination CP65-357×YC84-153 was a new sugarcane cultivar with middle stem,high yield,high sucrose content and wide adaptability.The results from different sites for several years showed that its mean cane yield was 124.013t·hm-2,which was 7.86% higher than that of check.Sucrose content of cane was 15.40% during the period of Nov.to Jan.Sugar yield was 19.094t·hm-2,which was11.74% higher than that of check in Fujian Province.It was a wide adaptability cultivar,not easily affected by the environment.Stalk number and stalk length were both the important factors of cane yield,and their effects were the strongest to cane yield.In cultivation,we should place emphasis on increasing millable stalk and stalk length.
