We present here a database of zircon U−Th−Pb geochronology, which samples the global continental crust and spans nearly the entire Earth's history. This database collects ~2,000,000 geochronology records from ~12,000 papers and theses over a period exceeding 50 years and is by far the largest geochronology database to our knowledge. The lithology of the host rock of the zircon samples includes sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks. The source references are from the following academic publishers: Elsevier, Cambridge, Geological Society of London, Oxford, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Wiley, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Here, the zircon data compilation contains "Database" files and a "References" file. The "Database" files contain about two million zircon U−Th−Pb dating records, including four isotope ratios (206Pb/238U, 207Pb/235U, 207Pb/206Pb, and 208Pb/232Th) and errors, four corresponding ages and errors, as well as sample information, dating instrument, dating reference material, host rock lithology, sampling location, and reference number. The "References" file contains the information of the source references corresponding to zircon geochronology records, including reference number, author, year, and other publication information. For each record in the "Database" files, its reference can be found in the "References" file through the reference number. This collection not only provides us with a comprehensive platform to study zircon chronological data in deep time and space but also makes it possible to explore the underlying geodynamic mechanism and the evolution of the Earth system. This database is a supplement to the following article: Wu, Y., Fang, X., & Ji, J. (2023). A global zircon U–Th–Pb geochronological database. Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15(11), 5171-5181. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5171-2023
We present here a database of zircon U-Th-Pb geochronology, which samples the global continental crust and spans nearly the entire Earth's history. This database collects ~2,000,000 geochronology records from ~12,000 papers and theses over a period exceeding 50 years and is by far the largest geochronology database to our knowledge. The lithology of the host rock of the zircon samples includes sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks. The source references are from the following literature databases: Elsevier, Cambridge, Geological Society of London, Oxford, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Wiley, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Here, the zircon data collection contains the following two files: 1) “Database” file houses about two million zircon U-Th-Pb dating records, including four ages (206Pb/238U, 207Pb/235U, 207Pb/206Pb, and 208Pb/232Th ages) and their errors, as well as their sample information, dating method, host rock lithology, sampling location, and reference number; 2) “References” file contains the information of the source references corresponding to zircon geochronology records, including reference number, author, year, and other publication information. For each record in the “Database” file, its reference can be found in the “References” file through the reference number. This collection not only provides us with a comprehensive platform to study zircon chronological data in deep time and space but also makes it possible to explore the underlying geodynamic mechanism and the evolution of the Earth system.
The continental crust is formed by the mantle’s successive crystallization differentiation and then aggregation, which is the result of the continuous energy acquisition and evolution of the mantle. This process has been objectively recorded in the growth of zircons which are widely present in the continental crust, owing to the close relationship between the zircon Th/U ratio and the crystallization temperature of zircons. As shown by theoretical calculations, phenomenon statistics, and/or crystallization simulations, higher zircon Th/U generally indicates higher zircon (re)crystallization temperature in metamorphic and magmatic systems. Here, we compiled ~600,000 zircon Th/U data from the global continental crust and obtained the time series of zircon Th/U ratios. The average level of the Th/U ratio in global zircons has a slow growth trend from old to new and fluctuates quasi-periodically around 0.5. There are two significant cycles of zircon Th/U ratios, ca. 600 and 120 Myr, which are associated with the supercontinent cycle and whole-mantle convection, respectively. It is inferred that the zircon Th/U periodicity is related to the periodic thermal state changes in the mantle, which might be regulated by tidal energy dissipation.
The zircon U-Pb chronology database provides a good opportunity to obtain important zircon growth peak periods in the Earth's history so as to study the origin and evolution of the crust. It should be noted that research preference affects the objectivity of zircon sampling, leading to hot data in the database and age statistics. To evaluate the influence of hot data on statistical results, the W and Y indexes are introduced. Using a Gaussian model of multipeak fitting of zircon U-Pb age frequencies, we identify seven major growth peaks in zircons from the Chinese continental crust, which are 2498.95, 1855.82, 828.88, 444.29, 249.46, 131.96, and 58.21 Ma. Due to differences in the time scales of zircon growth peaks, these peaks can be divided into two categories: first-order zircon growth peaks (I) and second-order zircon growth peaks (II), which represent longer and shorter time scales, perhaps due to different kinds of geological dynamics, respectively. In addition, there are clear correspondences between these ages and various geological events recognized by most scholars, namely, the Wutai orogeny, Lvliang orogeny, Jinning orogeny, Caledonian orogeny, Indosinian orogeny, Yanshanian orogeny, and Himalayan orogeny, respectively.
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The preservation of Milankovitch cycles in the stratigraphic record provides independent geological information to study our ancient solar system and can be leveraged to constrain existing theoretical models. Here, we identify 34 high-quality cyclostratigraphic records spanning the past 650 million years and use them to infer the evolution of the Earth-Moon system through a Bayesian inversion method. We reconstruct the time evolution of Earth’s axial precession frequency, lunar distance, length of day, and the periods of obliquity and climatic precession cycles. The results indicate an interval of high tidal energy dissipation in the Earth-Moon system at ~300 to 200 million years ago, and are broadly consistent with an independently calculated tidal evolution model. Our results provide an improved determination of the past periods of obliquity and climatic precession for astrochronology applications and yield important constraints on the history of tidal energy dissipation during the Phanerozoic Eon.
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Abstract. Since the start of the 21st century, the widespread application of ion probes has promoted the mass output of high-precision and high-accuracy U–Th–Pb geochronological data. Zircon, as a commonly used mineral for U–Th–Pb dating, widely exists in the continental crust and records a variety of geological activities. Due to the universality and stability of zircon and the long half-lives of U and Th isotopes, zircon U–Th–Pb geochronology can provide nearly continuous records for almost the entirety of Earth's history and is thus essential to studying the growth and evolution of the continental crust and Earth system evolution. Here, we present a database of zircon U–Th–Pb geochronology that samples the global continental crust and spans nearly all of Earth's history. This database collects ∼2 000 000 geochronology records from ∼12 000 papers and dissertations. This paper describes the compiled raw data, presents the relationship between dating error and zircon age, compares the error levels of different dating instruments, and discusses the impact of sampling bias on data analysis as well as how to evaluate and minimize this impact. In addition, we provide an overview of the temporal and spatial distribution of global zircon ages and provide key insights into the potential research value of zircon ages for Earth system science, such as crustal evolution, plate tectonics, and paleoclimate changes, as well as commercial use in mining and energy exploration. Overall, this data collection provides us with a comprehensive platform with which to study zircon chronological data in deep time and space. The described zircon database is freely available via Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7387566 (Wu et al., 2023).
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