Plums are good sources of various bioactive phytochemical compounds such as vitamins, anthocyanins, and carotenoids, whereby all of which are noted for multiple potential health benefits. However, knowledge regarding plum carotenoid profiles remains limited. Hence, the total and individual carotenoids in the edible parts (skin and flesh) of ten plum cultivars were determined using a spectrophotometer and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection, respectively. Total and individual carotenoid contents in skin were significantly higher (
MYB10, bHLH and WD40 are correlative regulatory factors of anthocyanin. In this paper, the expression of MYB10, bHLH and WD40 in the peel and the pulp of two plum cultivars were analyzed with the materials of ‘Cuihongli’ and ‘Qiangcuili’. The results showed that, with the development of the fruit of ‘Cuihongli’, the expression of MYB10 in the peel was downregulated firstly then upregulated, and the expression of MYB10 was not detected in the flesh of ‘Cuihongli’s pulp and the peel and the pulp of the ‘Qiangcuili’. The expression of bHLH and WD40 showed that the they had no significant correlation with the accumulation of anthocyanin in the two cultivars. It is suggested that the deletion of MYB10 gene expression result in the lack of anthocyanin in the flesh of ‘Qiangcuili’ .
In this study, the effective pollination period (EPP) was studied using three loquat cultivars with different seed set abilities, ‘Dawuxing’, ‘Longquan No.5’ and ‘Chuannong No.1’, so as to identify the factors determining fruit set and seed set. The EPP was determined by delayed and hand pollination, and the factors affecting the EPP were evaluated through histochemical tests and fluorescence microscopy. The EPP was measured as the capacity to set fruit and seeds after pollination with ‘259’ loquat pollen from anthesis to seven days after anthesis (DAA). The stigmatic receptivity closely fitted the EPP and thus appeared to be the main factor determining fruit set and seed set in ‘Dawuxing’ and ‘Longquan No.5’. In ‘Chuannong No.1’, low rate of style with intense stigma receptivity and early ovule degeneration appeared to be the factor determining seed set. We concluded that loquat flower receptivity is genotype-dependent either on stigmatic receptivity, as in ‘Dawuxing’ and ‘Longquan No.5’, or stigmatic receptivity and ovule degeneration, as in ‘Chuannong No.1’.
Key words: Loquat, effective pollination period, stigma receptivity, pollen tube growth, ovule degeneration, seed set.
Abstract To improve the selenium (Se) absorption of grape, in this study, a pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of intercropping with four Solanum sect. Solanum (Solanaceae), including Solanum nigrum var. humile , Solanum diphyllum , Solanum nigrum , and Solanum alatum , on the Se absorption of ‘Summer Black’ grapevine. Intercropping increased the malondialdehyde contents in ‘Summer Black’ grapevine, which in turn reduced the biomass, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b , carotenoid) contents, and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) activities of ‘Summer Black’ grapevine. Except S. alatum , intercropping with S. nigrum var. humile , S. diphyllum , and S. nigrum increased the Se content in ‘Summer Black’ grapevine, which increased the shoot Se content of ‘Summer Black’ grapevine by 56.2%, 18.1%, and 45.1%, respectively, compared with the monoculture. Additionally, correlation and grey relational analyses revealed that the root Se content was the most closely associated with the shoot Se content. In conclusion, intercropping with S. nigrum var. humile , S. diphyllum , and S. nigrum promote the Se accumulation in ‘Summer Black’ grapevine but inhibit its growth, and intercropping with S. nigrum var. humile has the best effect on the improvement of Se level in ‘Summer Black’ grapevine, which can be used for Se‐enriched grape production.
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