The usage of Nonsteroidal and steroidal drugs in the treatment of Musculoskeletal disorders often results in adverse effects such as renal damage, gastric irritation, etc. Alternative therapies with less or no side effects are the need of the hour. Siddha system offers a lot of Anti-inammatory drugs that are polyherbal or Herbo-mineral in nature and devoid of the above-mentioned adverse effects. This research work deals with the Anti-inammatory screening of a Siddha Herbo-mineral Formulation Rathinagara rasa mezhugu (RNM) documented in classic Siddha literature Anuboga vaidhaya naveneetham Part 5 indicated for inammatory disease conditions. Anti-inammatory activity was evaluated by Carrageenan-induced paw edema in Wistar rats. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg, orally) was used as standard. The formulation in doses of 20mg/kg, 45mg/kg, and 90 mg/kg showed 56%, 61.53%, and 90.47% inhibition of paw edema, respectively at the end of 5 h. The result of the study showed that RNM at all dose levels signicantly(p<0.5) reduced the inammation in a dose-dependent manner when compared to the control. RNM at 90mg/kg was found to be signicant (**p<0.01) and effective in the reduction of paw edema after 5hrs.From the results, it can be concluded that Rathinagara rasa mezhugu (RNM) was found to exhibit high anti-inammatory potential which conrmed the traditional use of the drug.
Background: Generally, astigmatism is type of refractive error due to distorted and irregular of the cornea. It’s generally related to the cornea and lens.Methods: This is cross-sectional study conducted over a period from January 2017 till April 2017 among the patients in HAHC hospital. A comprehensive eye examination was used to analyse the refractive error (astigmatism). And the research was approved by the institutional review board and the ethics committee for at department of paramedical sciences, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India.Results: A total of 90 patients were included in the study. Out of which 37 were boys and 52 were girls. The rate of myopic astigmatism increased with age. In contrast, the rate of hyperopic and mixed astigmatism decreased with age. In addition, the rate of with-the-rule astigmatism increased and the rate of against-the-rule decreased with respect to age, but oblique astigmatism was rather stable with age.Conclusions: There was more myopic astigmatism and with-the-rule astigmatism in total of 90 patients. Our hospital-based study shows there are high percentage of astigmatism (47.8%) in school aged children in south Delhi region. It is important to study in future, to further evaluate the causes and magnitude of astigmatism and increase awareness among school going children in South Delhi.
Visual impairment affects livings in every aspect of life. Many organizations (W.H.O, IAPB, N.G.O.s, etc.) have initiated a campaign to eradicate preventable blindness under the scheme Vision 2020: The Right to Sight" by 2020. There are three primary considerations, including quality, reliability, and efficiency of eye care facilities, which may reduce vision loss worldwide. Poor practitioner-to-patient ratios, shortage of eye-care staff, insufficient infrastructure, weak state support and lack of medical, specialist or training programs are the hallmarks of obstacles to the usage of eye-care services in India. Significant obstacles to such programs for visually impaired people in rural areas are poor road infrastructure, transit facilities and distances from remote communities that influence surgery and eye care systems. Factors such as age, education, preferences, and psycho-social challenges influence the usage of healthy, affordable, and efficient eye care facilities. To prevent avoidable blindness, the advancement of eye treatment and understanding of appropriate eye care resources must be intense, and the consequences of inadequate eye care must be acknowledged. Rural communities' beliefs and cultural traits must be analyzed to have appropriate education and reduce worldwide vision and blindness. Eye care providers need to start educating people in early life about the role and use of health care resources. In this article we will discuss the current state of eyecare services, as well as the challenges faced by eye doctors in treating and managing eye problems, in this article. There are many hurdles to using eye care services, and administrators and providers must understand them.
Purpose: To determine the effect of handcrafting on different types of refractive errors and to verify whether there is an association between asthenopia and presbyopia with this labor. The study design was a case series study (stratified random sampling study). Study conducted in Lucknow district of Uttar Pradesh from May 2022 to June 2023. Material and Methods: For this study, 4800 subjects aged 16-35 years were selected. Visual acuity, retinoscopy, flashlight examination, ophthalmoscopy, and pencil push-up test were performed on each subject. A questionnaire was also completed with the information given by the subjects after informed consent. Results: For this study, a total of 4800 patients, 35% were males and 65% females, aged 16 to 35 years, were selected to check for eye strain, headache, decrease in near vision before the age of 35 years, and whether or not any type of refractive error was present in the sample. 70% of patients had near visual acuity of N6, 17% had N8, and 13% were between N10-N12. In this study, there were only 13% emmetropes, 42% myopes, 28% hyperopes and 17% astigmatism. Of the N6 group, 57.1% suffered from ocular complaints and 62.8% from headaches. In the N8 group, 88.2% had ocular strain and 94.1% had headache. In group N10-N12, 69.2% had ocular strain and 92.3% had headache. Conclusion: There is a strong association between refractive errors and pre-presbyopia, but a strong association with asthenopia in workers in handcrafting occupations.
Tobacco use is a leading cause of chronic diseases in India. It kills almost 1.3 million people every year. The country is the second largest producer and consumer of cigarettes. The use of tobacco is very easy to start and is available at very low prices. One of the biggest threats to public health is tobacco use. It leads to the deaths of thousands of people and has a heavy social and economic cost. There are around 267 million tobacco users in India. The most common type of tobacco used by Indians is smokeless tobacco. Khaini, which is a tobacco mixture used by almost every ninth adult, is followed by bidi smoking and gutkha tobacco. According to the Global Adult tobacco Survey, around 11% of Indian adults smoke cigarettes. This is a community-based study involving 626 patients having Immature cataracts with H/O chronic tobacco use from rural population of central Uttar Pradesh in North India coming from low Socio-economic strata with no major Ocular pathology who underwent Cataract surgery (Manual Small incision cataract surgery/Phacoemulsification) with best input in form of surgical techniques & skills, equipment’s material used and uncomplicated surgeries. Serum Vitamin B6, Folic acid and B12 levels were checked to assess nutritional status of these patients. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) preoperatively as well as postoperatively was disproportionate to the grade of cataract and best surgical input. The visual outcome in these patients was not very good. BCVA (Best corrected visual acuity) is 70% poor and only 30% is good. There was color vision deficiency and Visual field defects in most of the patients.
India is deliberated the diabetes hub of the world, and a substantial amount of patients undergoing cataract surgery are diabetic. Developments in surgical techniques and instrumentation of cataract have large enriched the outcomes; but, surgical procedure may not be benign and real in certain entities with pre-existing retinal pathology or inadequate visual potential.. Keeping this in mind, we surveyed the different layers of the eye in managing the cataract in patients with diabetes. The changes in the cornea, intra ocular lens, choroid, and retina are the factors which influenced the visual prognosis of diabetic cataract patients. Better comprehension of different elements in charge of good result of cataract surgery in diabetic patients may direct us in better options in the management of these patients and advancing the outcomes. This review article targets to address diverse features adjoining cataracts in diabetic patients. In anelectronic MEDLINE search, appropriate studies were selected by authors using the relevant keywords.
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