Oxygen and fuels are requisites for outer space exploration. Herein, we use a liquid Na–Sn cathode and a Ni-based inert anode to convert CO2 into Na–Sn and oxygen in molten Na2CO3–NaCl by electrolysis, aiming to produce oxygen and store solar energy in liquid Na–Sn when the sun shines. In the same Na2CO3–NaCl electrolyte, the liquid Na–Sn serves as a negative electrode coupled with a porous FeNi positive electrode that allows the reduction of CO2 to CO in a primary cell, converting chemical energy stored in Na–Sn into electricity and CO that is a valuable fuel when the sun does not shine. This system has an overall energy efficiency of 51.0% at 100 mA cm–2. Therefore, the molten carbonate electrolysis device equipped with a liquid metal electrode could be applied for producing O2 and storing solar energy in energetic chemicals (e.g., Na–Sn, CO), which could be applied for outer space exploration such as Mars.
This study uses a combination of UAV image modeling, climate measurements, and questionnaires, along with multiple linear regressions, to analyze the interaction of acoustic, visual, thermal, and sunlight comfort in Wuhan during winter. The results indicate the sky view factor contributes to all the comfort senses. In detail, the reported respective sunlight and thermal comfort in the spaces with a sky view factor above 32.9% is 170% and 160% higher than those in the spaces with a sky view factor below 13.3%. Furthermore, the influence weight of visual comfort on overall comfort is found to be proportional to the sky view factor, whereas acoustic and thermal comfort influence weight on overall comfort is found to be inversely proportional to the sky view factor. In detail, for sky view factor increasing from below 13.3% to above 32.9%, the influence of visual comfort on overall comfort sense increases by 134%, while the influence of acoustic comfort decreases by 36%. The impact weight of visual and acoustic comfort is found to be proportional to the UTCI, while the impact weight of light and thermal comfort is inversely proportional to the UTCI. For instance, the impact weight of visual comfort increases by 85.4% and that of thermal comfort decreases by 32.4% when the UTCI is increased from below 11.5℃ to higher than 21.5℃. Last, the "cross-modal effects" of visual and acoustic comfort is highlighted as being much more significant than that of light and thermal comfort.
Due to COVID-19, the urban lockdown has caused a significant impact on the mental health of residents. However, limited research investigates the role of neighborhood factors on residents’ mental health during and after the lockdown. This study examines Wuhan, the first city to experience the COVID-19 outbreak, employing multiple linear regression and XGBoost algorithms to analyze the emotional status and distribution of Wuhan residents. The goal of this study is to identify the moderating effect of the neighborhood environment scale on emotional positivity and the marginal effect of the neighborhood environment on residents’ emotions. The results of the study indicate that specific neighborhood environmental characteristics have varying effects on residents’ positive emotions, both before and after the COVID-19 lockdown. The green space ratio, attraction density, waterfront space density, and service facility density all positively affected mood within different distance ranges. Shopping facilities, on the other hand, had mainly positive effects during the open period, with negative effects during the closed period. Furthermore, this study determined scale thresholds where neighborhood environments had a positive effect on mood. For instance, attractions and waterfront areas improved the mood of residents in residential areas, up to at least 3 km away. Medical facilities had a positive effect on residents’ mood beyond 2.2 km. This study highlights crucial implications for planning and managing neighborhoods to promote resilience during future public health crises.
Lithium-ion batteries based on intercalation compounds have great potential for applications in microelectronics and telecommunications. In this study, several synthetic approaches have been investigated to prepare LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} powders with desired properties for advanced batteries. Results indicate that Li{sub x}Mn{sub 2}O{sub 4} powders can be readily prepared by the Pechini process at moderate temperatures. A glycine nitrate process (GNP) has also been successfully used to produce fine Li{sub x}Mn{sub 2}O{sub 4} powders with average particle size of 0.3-0.5 {mu}m.
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