In recent years, brain-controlled robot systems have made great progress. Electroencephalography (EEG) has become the most popular signal acquisition method because of its advantages of being non-invasive, easy to use, and low cost. Brain-controlled robots can help disabled people return to normal life. This paper reviews the methods used in EEG -based robot control systems and introduces some common brain-controlled robots, such as robotic arms, exoskeletons, and wheelchairs. Finally, the development prospect of the brain-controlled robot is summarized.
We did a systematic review and meta-analysis, aiming to examine the association of available polymorphisms in the receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGER) gene with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Literature search, eligibility assessment, and data extraction were independently performed by two authors. Risk was expressed as by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) under the random-effects model. A total of 26 publications, involving 29 independent studies (8,318 patients with type 2 diabetes and 5,589 healthy or orthoglycemic controls) were included in this meta-analysis. Six polymorphisms in AGER gene, rs2070600, rs1800624, rs1800625, rs184003, rs3134940, and rs55640627, were eligible for inclusion. Overall analyses indicated that the mutations of rs1800624 (–374A) and rs55640627 (2245A) were associated with a significantly increased risk of type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.17 and 1.55, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.38 and 1.21 to 1.98, respectively). Subsidiary analyses revealed that the mutation of rs2070600 was associated with 2.13-folded increased risk of type 2 diabetes in Caucasians (95% CI: 1.28 to 3.55), and the mutation of rs1800624 was associated with 1.57-folded increased risk in South Asians (95% CI: 1.09 to 2.25), with no evidence of heterogeneity (I2: 42.5% and 44.5%). There were low probabilities of publication bias for all studied polymorphisms. Taken together, our findings indicate an ethnicity-dependent contribution of AGER gene in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, that is, rs2070600 was a susceptibility locus in Caucasians, yet rs1800624 in South Asians.
AbstractThe aim of this work was to develop a bioactive glass/hydroxylapatite/chitason composite material for bone repair. Different proportions of bioactive glass/hydroxylapatite/chitason mixture was make into scaffolds by the freeze-drying method. The microstructure and composition were observed and analysed. The third-generation rabbit mesenchymal stem cells were inoculated into the stent. The adhesion of the stent was detected, and the proliferation of cells on the stent was detected. The compatibility between the stent and cells was evaluated. The size and shapes of the prepared bioactive glass/hydroxylapatite/chitason stent were consistent with moulds. The stent has parous structure and no aggregation of bioactive glass was found. The rabbit mesenchymal stem adhered to the stent, and some cells extended and stretched out pseudopodia. Obvious proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells was found on the stent. The prepared bioactive glass/hydroxylapatite/chitason stents have good porosity, high mechani...
This paper presents a new wide-input–wide-output dc–dc converter, which is an integration of buck and boost converters via a tapped inductor. Coherent transition between step-down and step-up modes is achieved by a proper control scheme. This paper presents theoretical concepts and experimental results.
Cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis are reparative processes after myocardial infarction (MI), which results in cardiac remodeling and heart failure at last. Tenascin-C (TNC) consists of four distinct domains, which is a large multimodular glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix. It is also a key regulator of proliferation and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. As a significant m6A regulator, METTL3 binds m6A sites in mRNA to control its degradation, maturation, stabilization, and translation. Whether METTL3 regulates the occurrence and development of myocardial infarction through the m6A modification of TNC mRNA deserves our study. Here, we have demonstrated that overexpression of METTL3 aggravated cardiac dysfunction and cardiac fibrosis after 4 weeks after MI. Moreover, we also demonstrated that TNC resulted in cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis after MI. Mechanistically, METTL3 led to enhanced m6A levels of TNC mRNA and promoted TNC mRNA stability. Then, we mutated one m6A site “A” to “T”, and the binding ability of METTL3 was reduced. In conclusion, METTL3 is involved in cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis by increasing m6A levels of TNC mRNA and may be a promising target for the therapy of cardiac fibrosis after MI.
Background: Gliomas are the most prevalent primary malignant tumors of the central nervous system.Our previous study showed that miR-204-5p is a tumor suppressor gene in glioma.Bioinformatic analyses suggest that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) is a potential target gene of miR-204-5p.Methods: We analyzed the expression of XIST and miR-204-5p in glioma tissues and the correlation with glioma grade.A series of in vitro experiments were carried out to elucidate the role of XIST in glioma progression.A mouse xenograft model was established to detect whether knockdown of XIST can inhibit glioma growth.A luciferase assay was performed to determine whether XIST can bind to miR-204-5p and the binding specificity.Cells stably expressing shXIST or shNC were transfected with anti-miR-204-5p or anti-miR-204-5p-NC to evaluate whether XIST mediates the tumor-suppressive effects of miR-204-5p.Results: XIST was upregulated in glioma tissues compared with normal brain tissues (NBTs), while miR-204-5p expression was significantly decreased in glioma tissues compared with NBTs.Both XIST and miR-204-5p expression levels were clearly related to glioma grade, and the expression of XIST was obviously negatively correlated with miR-204-5p expression.Knockdown of XIST inhibited glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, promoted apoptosis of glioma cells, inhibited tumor growth and increased the survival time in nude mice.miR-204-5p could directly bind to XIST and negatively regulate XIST expression.XIST mediated glioma progression by targeting miR-204-5p in glioma cells.XIST crosstalk with miR-204-5p regulated Bcl-2 expression to promote apoptosis.Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that XIST, miR-204-5p and Bcl-2 form a regulatory axis that controls glioma progression and can serve as a potential therapeutic target for glioma.
ABSTRACTGlobal dissemination of high-level ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains associated with the FC428 clone poses a threat to the efficacy ceftriaxone-based therapies. Vaccination is the best strategy to contain multidrug-resistant infections. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of MtrE and its surface Loop2 as vaccine antigens when combined with a Th1-polarizing adjuvant, which is expected to be beneficial for gonococcal vaccine development. Using in vitro dendritic cell maturation and T cell differentiation assays, CpG1826 was identified as the optimal Th1-polarizing adjuvant for MtrE and Loop2 displayed as linear epitope (Nloop2) or structural epitope (Intraloop2) on a carrier protein. Loop2-based antigens raised strongly Th1-polarized and bactericidal antibody responses in vaccinated mice. Furthermore, the vaccine formulations provided protection against a gonococcal challenge in mouse vaginal tract infection model when provided as prophylactic vaccines. Also, the vaccine formulations accelerated gonococcal clearance when provided as a single therapeutic dose to treat an already established infection, including against a strain associated with the FC428 clone. Therefore, this study demonstrated that MtrE and Loop 2 are effective gonococcal vaccine antigens when combined with the Th1-polarizing CpG1826 adjuvant.
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