Sergio Palomares-Ruiz

Universitat de València

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Olga Mena

Instituto de Física Corpuscular

Silvia Pascoli

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna

J. Bernabéu

Instituto de Física Corpuscular

Aaron C. Vincent

Perimeter Institute

T. Weiler

Vanderbilt University

Nicolás Bernal

New York University

Pablo Villanueva-Domingo

Instituto de Física Corpuscular

Laura Lopez-Honorez

Université Libre de Bruxelles

Jordi Salvadó

Universitat de Barcelona

S.T. Petcov

Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati

Cooperative Institutions

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso

Universitat de València

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

European Organization for Nuclear Research

Instituto de Física Corpuscular

Sorbonne Université

Université Paris Cité

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

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Detection of supernova neutrinos via coherent ν-nucleus scattering

Journal of Physics Conference Series (2016)

C. Espinoza Sergio Palomares-Ruiz

We consider the possible detection of Supernova neutrinos via Coherent ν- Nucleus Scattering in a scintillation detector. The envisaged applications include the separate determination of the energy and temperature of the neutrinos and antineutrinos of the second and third family by exploiting the spectral information encoded in the recoiling nuclei and inherited from the impinging neutrinos. Our results suggest that despite a significant quenching factor and a high detector threshold, determination of one of the neutrino observables is achievable for a wide range of the parameter space.

10.1088/1742-6596/761/1/012060

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Atmospheric neutrinos and nu-mass hierarchy

arXiv (Cornell University) (2003)

J. Bernabéu Sergio Palomares-Ruiz

We discuss the possibility for matter effects in the three-neutrino oscillations of the atmospheric nu_e (bar{nu}_e) and nu_mu (bar{nu}_mu), driven by one neutrino mass squared difference, |Delta m2_{31}| >> Delta m2_{21}, to be observable under appropriate conditions. We derive predictions for the Nadir angle (theta_n) dependence of the ratio N_mu/N_e of the rates of the mu-like and e-like multi-GeV events which is particularly sensitive to the Earth matter effects in the atmospheric neutrino oscillations, and thus to the values of sin2{theta_{13}} and sin2{theta_{23}}, and also to the type of neutrino mass spectrum.

10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0312038

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Quantum gravity phenomenology at the dawn of the multi-messenger era -- A review.

arXiv (Cornell University) (2021)

Andrea Addazi J. Álvarez-Muñiz Rafael Alves Batista Giovanni Amelino-Camelia V. Antonelli

The exploration of the universe has recently entered a new era thanks to the multi-messenger paradigm, characterized by a continuous increase in the quantity and quality of experimental data that is obtained by the detection of the various cosmic messengers (photons, neutrinos, cosmic rays and gravitational waves) from numerous origins. They give us information about their sources in the universe and the properties of the intergalactic medium. Moreover, multi-messenger astronomy opens up the possibility to search for phenomenological signatures of quantum gravity. On the one hand, the most energetic events allow us to test our physical theories at energy regimes which are not directly accessible in accelerators; on the other hand, tiny effects in the propagation of very high energy particles could be amplified by cosmological distances. After decades of merely theoretical investigations, the possibility of obtaining phenomenological indications of Planck-scale effects is a revolutionary step in the quest for a quantum theory of gravity, but it requires cooperation between different communities of physicists (both theoretical and experimental). This review is aimed at promoting this cooperation by giving a state-of-the art account of the interdisciplinary expertise that is needed in the effective search of quantum gravity footprints in the production, propagation and detection of cosmic messengers.

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Three-neutrino oscillations of atmospheric neutrinos,θ13, neutrino mass hierarchy and iron magnetized detectors

Nuclear Physics B (2005)

Sergio Palomares-Ruiz S.T. Petcov

We derive predictions for the Nadir angle (θn) dependence of the ratio Nμ−/Nμ+ of the rates of the μ− and μ+ multi-GeV events, and for the μ−–μ+ event rate asymmetry, Aμ−μ+=[N(μ−)−N(μ+)]/[N(μ−)+N(μ+)], in iron-magnetized calorimeter detectors (MINOS, INO, etc.) in the case of 3-neutrino oscillations of the atmospheric νμ and ν¯μ, driven by one neutrino mass squared difference, |Δm312|∼(2.0–3.0)×10−3 eV2≫Δm212. The asymmetry Aμ−μ+ (the ratio Nμ−/Nμ+) is shown to be particularly sensitive to the Earth matter effects in the atmospheric neutrino oscillations, and thus to the values of sin2θ13 and sin2θ23, θ13 and θ23 being the neutrino mixing angle limited by the CHOOZ and Palo Verde experiments and that responsible for the dominant atmospheric νμ→ντ (ν¯μ→ν¯τ) oscillations. It is also very sensitive to the type of neutrino mass spectrum which can be with normal (Δm312>0) or with inverted (Δm312<0) hierarchy. We find that for sin2θ23≳0.50, sin22θ13≳0.06 and |Δm312|=(2–3)×10−3 eV2, the Earth matter effects produce a relative difference between the integrated asymmetries A¯μ−μ+ and A¯μ−μ+2ν in the mantle (cosθn=0.30–0.84) and core (cosθn=0.84–1.0) bins, which is bigger in absolute value than approximately ∼15%, can reach the values of (30–35)%, and thus can be sufficiently large to be observable. The sign of the indicated asymmetry difference is anticorrelated with the sign of Δm312. An observation of the Earth matter effects in the Nadir angle distribution of the asymmetry Aμ−μ+ (ratio Nμ−/Nμ+) would clearly indicate that sin22θ13≳0.06 and sin2θ23≳0.50, and would lead to the determination of the sign of Δm312.

10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2005.01.045

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Dark matter in the Sun: scattering off electrons vs nucleons

Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (2017)

Raghuveer Garani Sergio Palomares-Ruiz

The annihilation of dark matter (DM) particles accumulated in the Sun could produce a flux of neutrinos, which is potentially detectable with neutrino detectors/telescopes and the DM elastic scattering cross section can be constrained. Although the process of DM capture in astrophysical objects like the Sun is commonly assumed to be due to interactions only with nucleons, there are scenarios in which tree-level DM couplings to quarks are absent, and even if loop-induced interactions with nucleons are allowed, scatterings off electrons could be the dominant capture mechanism. We consider this possibility and study in detail all the ingredients necessary to compute the neutrino production rates from DM annihilations in the Sun (capture, annihilation and evaporation rates) for velocity-independent and isotropic, velocity-dependent and isotropic and momentum-dependent scattering cross sections for DM interactions with electrons and compare them with the results obtained for the case of interactions with nucleons. Moreover, we improve the usual calculations in a number of ways and provide analytical expressions in three appendices. Interestingly, we find that the evaporation mass in the case of interactions with electrons could be below the GeV range, depending on the high-velocity tail of the DM distribution in the Sun, which would open a new mass window for searching for this type of scenarios.

Annihilation

Electron scattering

10.1088/1475-7516/2017/05/007

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Citations (40)

Testing MeV dark matter with neutrino detectors

Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D, Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology (2008)

Sergio Palomares-Ruiz Silvia Pascoli

MeV particles have been advocated as dark matter (DM) candidates in different contexts. This hypothesis can be tested indirectly by searching for the standard model (SM) products of DM self-annihilations. As the signal from DM self-annihilations depends on the square of the DM density, we might expect a sizable flux of annihilation products from our galaxy. Neutrinos are the least detectable particles in the SM and a null signal in this channel would allow to set the most conservative bound on the total annihilation cross section. Here, we show that neutrino detectors with good energy resolution and low energy thresholds can not only set bounds on the annihilation cross section but actually test the hypothesis of the possible existence of MeV DM, i.e. test the values of the cross section required to explain the observed DM density. At present, the data in the (positron) energy interval [18--82] MeV of the Super-Kamiokande experiment is already able to put a very stringent bound on the annihilation cross section for masses between $\ensuremath{\sim}15--130\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}$. Future large experiments, like megaton water-\ifmmode \check{C}\else \v{C}\fi{}erenkov or large scintillator detectors, will improve the present limits and, if MeV DM exists, would be able to detect it.

Annihilation

10.1103/physrevd.77.025025

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Quantum gravity phenomenology at the dawn of the multi-messenger era—A review

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics (2022)

Andrea Addazi J. Álvarez-Muñiz Rafael Alves Batista Giovanni Amelino-Camelia V. Antonelli

The exploration of the universe has recently entered a new era thanks to the multi-messenger paradigm, characterized by a continuous increase in the quantity and quality of experimental data that is obtained by the detection of the various cosmic messengers (photons, neutrinos, cosmic rays and gravitational waves) from numerous origins. They give us information about their sources in the universe and the properties of the intergalactic medium. Moreover, multi-messenger astronomy opens up the possibility to search for phenomenological signatures of quantum gravity. On the one hand, the most energetic events allow us to test our physical theories at energy regimes which are not directly accessible in accelerators; on the other hand, tiny effects in the propagation of very high energy particles could be amplified by cosmological distances. After decades of merely theoretical investigations, the possibility of obtaining phenomenological indications of Planck-scale effects is a revolutionary step in the quest for a quantum theory of gravity, but it requires cooperation between different communities of physicists (both theoretical and experimental). This review, prepared within the COST Action CA18108 "Quantum gravity phenomenology in the multi-messenger approach", is aimed at promoting this cooperation by giving a state-of-the art account of the interdisciplinary expertise that is needed in the effective search of quantum gravity footprints in the production, propagation and detection of cosmic messengers.

10.1016/j.ppnp.2022.103948

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Citations (308)

Secret interactions of eV-scale sterile neutrinos and the diffuse supernova neutrino background flux

Mary Hall Reno Yu Seon Jeong Sergio Palomares-Ruiz Ina Sarčević

For a sterile neutrino with an eV-scale mass and vacuum mixing angle of order $\theta_0\simeq 0.1$, our evaluation of big bang nucleosynthesis and cosmic microwave background constraints allow a new gauge sector for sterile neutrino ``secret interactions'' with a gauge boson mass between a few keV and $\sim 100$ keV and sterile gauge boson couplings of order $g_s\simeq 10^{-4}-10^{-2}$. Relic sterile neutrinos with $m_s=1$ eV that interact via gauge bosons with a mass between $5-8$ keV and couplings in this range would distort the spectrum of the diffuse supernova neutrino background flux. We explore the potential for the distortion to be measured at DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande.

Cosmic neutrino background

Solar neutrino problem

Hidden sector

10.22323/1.341.0150

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Constraining dark matter properties with gamma-rays from the Galactic Center with Fermi–LAT

Nuclear Physics B (2011)

Nicolás Bernal Sergio Palomares-Ruiz

Annihilation

Light dark matter

10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2011.12.016

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Inferring neutrino cross sections above 10^19 eV

arXiv (Cornell University) (2006)

Sergio Palomares-Ruiz

Extremely high energy neutrinos propagating in the atmosphere or in the Earth can originate horizontal or upgoing air-showers, respectively. We calculate the acceptances (event rate/flux) for detecting both types of events by fluorescence detectors, both space-based as with the EUSO and OWL proposals, and ground-based, as with Auger, HiRes and Telescope Array. We depict them as a function of the neutrino-nucleon cross section and show that from the ratio of these two classes of events, the inference of the cross section above 10^{19} eV appears feasible, assuming that a neutrino flux exists at these energies. Our semi-analytic calculation includes realistic energy-losses for tau leptons and Earth-curvature effects. We also consider constraints on shower development and identification and the effects of a cloud layer.

Pierre Auger Observatory

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