Abstract In a healthcare setting, biofilms are a major source of infection and difficult to eradicate once formed. Nanoparticles (NPs) can be designed to effectively penetrate biofilms to more efficiently either deliver antibiotic drugs throughout the biofilm matrix or elicit inherent antibiofilm activity. Antibacterial cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) NPs were employed as core material and coated with a mesoporous silica shell (MSN) to generate cerium oxide coated mesoporous silica NPs (CeO 2 @MSN). Detailed studies of NP‐biofilm interactions are required to rationally develop NP platforms to prevent biofilm‐related infections. This work developed and implemented a unique label‐free analysis platform for the real‐time monitoring of bacterial biofilm formation and then assessed the interactions of antibacterial NPs. An analysis platform which allows bacterial biofilms to grow and develop in situ in flow within the multi‐parametric surface plasmon resonance (MP‐SPR) instrument was established. This enabled simultaneous monitoring and detection of biofilm growth phases, structure, and interactions between differentially charged CeO 2 @MSNs and bacterial biofilms. Positively charged antibacterial NPs (polyethyleneimine functionalized CeO 2 @MSNs) were found to be the most efficient to penetrate the biofilm. The MP‐SPR analysis platform was shown to be a powerful tool for monitoring biofilm development in real‐time and to analyze biofilm properties and NP‐biofilm interactions.
Local minimally invasive injection of anticancer therapies is a compelling approach to maximize the utilization of drugs and reduce the systemic adverse drug effects. However, the clinical translation is still hampered by many challenges such as short residence time of therapeutic agents and the difficulty in achieving multi-modulation combination therapy. Herein, mesoporous silica-coated gold nanorods (AuNR@SiO2 ) core-shell nanoparticles are fabricated to facilitate drug loading while rendering them photothermally responsive. Subsequently, AuNR@SiO2 is anchored into a monodisperse photocrosslinkable gelatin (GelMA) microgel through one-step microfluidic technology. Chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) is loaded into AuNR@SiO2 and 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA) is loaded in the microgel layer. The osteosarcoma targeting ligand alendronate is conjugated to AuNR@SiO2 to improve the tumor targeting. The microgel greatly improves the injectability since they can be dispersed in buffer and the injectability and degradability are adjustable by microfluidics during the fabrication. The drug release can, in turn, be modulated by multi-round light-trigger. Importantly, a single super low drug dose (1 mg kg-1 DOX with 5 mg kg-1 DMXAA) with peritumoral injection generates long-term therapeutic effect and significantly inhibited tumor growth in osteosarcoma bearing mice. Therefore, this nanocomposite@microgel system can act as a peritumoral reservoir for long-term effective osteosarcoma treatment.
Alveolar kemik üzerinde ektopik erüpsiyon sıklıkla gözlenirken, dental yapılar dışına olan erüpsiyon ise nadirdir. Bu makalenin amacı, maksiller sinüste ektopik diş tespit edilen üç hastanın klinik ve radyografik bulgularını sunmaktır. İlk olarak panoramik grafide tespit edilen, maksiller sinüsteki ektopik dişlerin lokalizasyonu ve olası patolojik oluşumların detaylı değerlendirilmesi için hastalardan bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) alındı. Tüm hastalar lokal anestezi altında Caldwel-Luc yaklaşımı ile opere edildi. Sunulan olgular, sistemik olarak sağlıklı 16, 19 ve 20 yaşlarında iki erkek, ve bir kadın hastadan oluşmaktadır. İki hastada maksiller sinüs bölgesinde palpasyonda ağrı mevcuttu ve bu hastaların birinde kronik sinüzit bulguları görüldü; üçüncü hasta ise asemptomatikti. Klinik bulgu veren hastaların birinde ektopik diş ile ilişkili dentigeröz kist, diğerinde ise sinüs mukozasında kalınlaşma tespit edildi. Tüm hastalardaki ektopik dişler maksiller sinüs tabanının medialinde lokalizeydi. Maksilla posterior bölgede eksik diş varlığında özellikle sinüzit bulguları da mevcutsa sinüs içinde ektopik dişlerin varlığından şüphelenilmelidir. Sinüs içerisindeki ektopik dişlerin tam lokalizasyonlarının ve eşlik eden patolojilerin belirlenmesinde BT konvansiyonel gra- filere göre daha detaylı bilgi vermektedir.
BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis is a common autoinflammatory disease that affects the joints and causes several extra-articular problems, including ocular involvement, which typically manifests in the anterior ocular region. The anti-CCP has a sensitivity comparable to the rheumatoid factor and higher specificity for identifying the disease.
ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of eye involvements in Rheumatoid arthritis and their correlation to the anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody.
Patients and MethodsA cross-sectional study of 121 patients who satisfied the 2010 ACR/EULAR RA Classification Criteria (6/10 or more points) were between 18 and 60. After establishing a patient’s medical history and physical examination, blood samples were collected to test for anti-CCP antibodies, and an eye exam was conducted.
ResultsThere were significantly more females than males;104 (86%) were female, and 17 (14%) were males. The median age was 47(42−53.5) years. The median disease duration was 4(2−10) years. The mean disease activity was 3.86 ±1, and the median anti-cyclic citrullinated antibody titers were 29.18(16.75−133.35) U/ml. The overall eye complications typical of Rheumatoid arthritis were observed in 37 (30.6%) and 84 (69.4%) without eye involvement. Dry eyes were the most frequent eye complaint (29.8%). One instance with episcleritis (0.8%). One with filamentary keratitis (0.8%). Anterior uveitis was detected in two cases (1.7%). Eye involvement correlated with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (P- value 0.004).
ConclusionEye manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis were a prominent part of extra-articular manifestation. The dry eye was the most apparent manifestation, and they correlated to the anti-CCP antibody.
To optimize synergistic breast cancer treatment, a nanocomposite was fabricated with pH-temperature responsive and chemo-photothermal combination therapy. Herein, gold nanorods (AuNRs) are coated with [poly[(N-isopropylacrylamide)-co-(methacrylic acid)] (p(NIPAM-co-MAA)) modified mesoporous silica (MS) for Doxorubicin (DOX) delivery (AuNR@DOX-MS@p(NIPAM-co-MAA)). Upon NIR radiation, the AuNR core induced hyperthermia via generating heat. Simultaneously, the polymer layer collapsed in response to high temperature/low pH, which allowed the triggering of DOX release from the MS shell at the tumor site. With this nanocomposite, nearly zero premature release of DOX at physiological pH/temperature was detected, while effective DOX release was reported at higher temperature/lower pH values. In addition, in vitro studies demonstrated that the nanocomposite has a substantial uptake efficiency of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, with a significant increase in suppressing MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation in response to laser irradiation. The in vivo experiments further verified the high efficiency of the fabricated nanocomposite in accumulating at the tumor site and the good capability in suppressing tumor growth in the mice upon intravenous injection, while exhibiting good biosafety in relation to major organs in the body. Thus, the synthesized nanocomposite could be a potential nanocarrier for breast cancer treatment with synergistic chemo-photothermal therapeutic capability.
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