Kanivalan Iwar

Rural Development Administration

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Seong‐Hoon Kim

Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital

Kingsley Ochar

Rural Development Administration

Bo‐Keun Ha

Chonnam National University

Yu-Jin Choi

Hae Ju Kang

Rural Development Administration

Ye-Jin Lee

Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute

Kyung-Dong Lee

Dongshin University

Si‐Yong Kang

Kongju National University

Yun Am Seo

Jeju National University

Sin-Young Park

Jeonbuk Agricultural Research & Extension Services

Cooperative Institutions

Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute

Rural Development Administration

Sunchon National University

Chonnam National University

National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology

Jeonbuk Agricultural Research & Extension Services

Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias

Pusan National University

Dongshin University

Kyung Hee University

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Variations of Major Glucosinolates in Diverse Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) Germplasm as Analyzed by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS

International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2024)

Seong‐Hoon Kim Kingsley Ochar Kanivalan Iwar Yoon-Jung Lee Hae Ju Kang

In this study, the variability of major glucosinolates in the leaf lamina of 134 Chinese cabbage accessions was investigated using Acquity ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS). A total of twenty glucosinolates were profiled, of which glucobrassicanapin and gluconapin were identified as the predominant glucosinolates within the germplasm. These two glucosinolates had mean concentration levels above 1000.00 μmol/kg DW. Based on the principal component analysis, accessions IT186728, IT120044, IT221789, IT100417, IT278620, IT221754, and IT344740 were separated from the rest in the score plot. These accessions exhibited a higher content of total glucosinolates. Based on the VIP values, 13 compounds were identified as the most influential and responsible for variation in the germplasm. Sinigrin (r = 0.73), gluconapin (r = 0.78), glucobrassicanapin (r = 0.70), epiprogoitrin (r = 0.73), progoitrin (r = 0.74), and gluconasturtiin (r = 0.67) all exhibited a strong positive correlation with total glucosinolate at p < 0.001. This indicates that each of these compounds had a significant influence on the overall glucosinolate content of the various accessions. This study contributes valuable insights into the metabolic diversity of glucosinolates in Chinese cabbage, providing potential for breeding varieties tailored to consumer preferences and nutritional demands.

Brassica rapa

Germ plasm

10.3390/ijms25094829

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Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Cultivation and Breeding in the Republic of Korea: Advances and Future Perspectives

Agronomy (2024)

Dong-Kwan Kim Kanivalan Iwar Kingsley Ochar Sin-Young Park Eun-Kyung Go

The cowpea is one of the most important legume species globally, with both the grains and fresh pods widely consumed for the rich nutritional content. In the Republic of Korea, the cultivation and breeding progress of cowpeas is relatively low but gradually receiving interest due to its potential contribution to nutrition and sustainable agriculture. Given the changing pattern of global climatic conditions, any effort in cowpea breeding in Korea may focus on important traits such as improving yield, stress resistance, and adaptability to local climate. This review provides a discussion on the current status of the cultivation and breeding of cowpeas in the Republic of Korea, with the aim of improving crop performance, agricultural sustainability, and food security.

Plant Breeding

10.3390/agronomy14112679

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Genotyping-by-Sequencing Analysis Reveals Associations between Agronomic and Oil Traits in Gamma Ray-Derived Mutant Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Plants (2024)

Woon Ji Kim Baul Yang Dong‐Gun Kim Sang Hoon Kim Ye-Jin Lee

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) holds significant commercial value as one of the leading oil crops, with its agronomic features and oil quality being crucial determinants. In this investigation, 73,226 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across 95 rapeseed mutant lines induced by gamma rays, alongside the original cultivar (‘Tamra’), using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) analysis were examined. This study encompassed gene ontology (GO) analysis and a genomewide association study (GWAS), thereby concentrating on agronomic traits (e.g., plant height, ear length, thousand-seed weight, and seed yield) and oil traits (including fatty acid composition and crude fat content). The GO analysis unveiled a multitude of genes with SNP variations associated with cellular processes, intracellular anatomical structures, and organic cyclic compound binding. Through GWAS, we detected 320 significant SNPs linked to both agronomic (104 SNPs) and oil traits (216 SNPs). Notably, two novel candidate genes, Bna.A05p02350D (SFGH) and Bna.C02p22490D (MDN1), are implicated in thousand-seed weight regulation. Additionally, Bna.C03p14350D (EXO70) and Bna.A09p05630D (PI4Kα1) emerged as novel candidate genes associated with erucic acid and crude fat content, respectively. These findings carry implications for identifying superior genotypes for the development of new cultivars. Association studies offer a cost-effective means of screening mutants and selecting elite rapeseed breeding lines, thereby enhancing the commercial viability of this pivotal oil crop.

Candidate gene

Erucic acid

Genome-wide Association Study

SNP genotyping

Genetic Association

10.3390/plants13111576

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Alliums as Potential Antioxidants and Anticancer Agents

International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2024)

Kanivalan Iwar Kingsley Ochar Yun Am Seo Bo‐Keun Ha Seong‐Hoon Kim

The genus

10.3390/ijms25158079

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Unveiling Glucosinolate Diversity in Brassica Germplasm and In Silico Analysis for Determining Optimal Antioxidant Potential

Antioxidants (2024)

Kanivalan Iwar Kebede Taye Desta Kingsley Ochar Seong‐Hoon Kim

This study explored the glucosinolate (GSL) content in Brassica plants and utilized in silico analysis approach to assess their antioxidant capabilities. GSLs, present abundantly in Brassica vegetables, offer potential health advantages, including antioxidant effects. Employing Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), major GSLs were identified in 89 accessions from diverse species and subspecies. Statistical analysis and principal component analysis unveiled significant GSL variation and potential correlations among the Brassica germplasms. This study unveils the dominance of aliphatic GSLs over aromatic and indolyl compounds in all the accessions. Notably, Gluconapin (GNA) (33,049.23 µmol·kg−1 DW), Glucobrassicanapin (GBN) (9803.82 µmol·kg−1 DW), Progoitrin (PRO) (12,780.48 µmol·kg−1 DW) and Sinigrin (SIN) (14,872.93 µmol·kg−1 DW) were the most abundant compounds across the analyzed accessions. Moreover, in silico docking studies predicted promising antioxidant activity by evaluating the interactions of each GSL with antioxidant enzymes. Specifically, Sinigrin and Gluconapin exhibited a notably weaker influence on antioxidant enzymes. This provides key insights into the antioxidant potential of Brassica germplasm and highlights the importance of in silico analysis for evaluating bioactive properties. In general, the results of this study could be utilized in breeding programs to maximize GSL levels and antioxidant properties in Brassica crops and for developing functional foods with enhanced health benefits.

Sinigrin

Germ plasm

10.3390/antiox13030376

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The Potential of Glucosinolates and Their Hydrolysis Products as Inhibitors of Cytokine Storms

Molecules (2024)

Kingsley Ochar Kanivalan Iwar Vadakkemuriyil Divya Nair Yun-Jo Chung Bo‐Keun Ha

A cytokine storm is an intense inflammatory response characterized by the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in tissue damage, and organ dysfunction. Cytokines play a crucial role in various conditions, such as coronavirus disease, in which the immune system becomes overactive and releases excessive levels of cytokines, including interleukins, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). This anomalous response often leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and multiple organ injury (MOI). Glucosinolates are plant secondary metabolites predominantly found in

10.3390/molecules29204826

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